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Implicit theories and compliance with the foot-in-the-door technique

100%
Gamian-Wilk M., Lachowicz-Tabaczek K.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2007
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vol. 38
|
issue 1
50-63
EN
Research has shown that entity theorists (individuals who believe in fixed traits) prefer tasks which minimize the risk of failure. In contrast, incremental theorists (individuals who believe in malleable personality) choose tasks giving them the possibility to improve their skills. A series of studies involving 698 students showed that the 'foot-in-the-door' effect was significant among incremental theorists in a sequence of relatively difficult requests and among entity theorists when the requests were relatively simple. The results are explained by the differences between incremental and entity theorists in their perception of request difficulty and their assessment of the costs paid in fulfilling a request.
2

The belief to have fixed or malleable traits and help giving: implicit theories and sequential social influence techniques

100%
Gamian-Wilk M., Lachowicz-Tabaczek K.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2009
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vol. 40
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issue 2
85-100
EN
Two sequential social influence techniques, the foot-in-the-door and the door-in-the-face, seem to be symmetrical, but there are different moderators and quite different mechanisms underlying each of the strategies. What links both techniques is the social interaction between a person presenting a sequence of requests and an interlocutor. The techniques' effectiveness depends on the course and perception of the interaction and the difficulty of requests in the sequence. The aim of the article was to verify various mechanisms of incremental (individuals who believe in malleable personality) and entity theorists (individuals who believe in fixed traits) compliance with the FITD and the DITF techniques. In a series of four studies it was shown that incremental theorists comply the FITD technique to a greater extend especially when a sequence of requests meets their mastery style of behavior thus means an interesting challenge to undertake or opportunity to deepen contact with a newly met person. Entity theorists are more prone to the DITF strategy as their helpless style of behavior and sense of guilt are triggered, thus a sequence of decreasing in magnitude demands is perceived as less threatening.
3

IMPLICIT THEORIES OF RELIGIOUS FUNDAMENTALISM AMONG SLOVAK YOUNG ADULTS

100%
Adamovova L.
Studia Psychologica
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2005
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vol. 47
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issue 3
235-246
EN
Little attention is being paid to the implicit theories of different dimensions of religiosity that would take into account the subjective side of understanding of the phenomenon. Therefore, in the present study, lay definitions of religious fundamentalism were investigated among young adults in Slovakia. Participants were recruited by the snowball method of sampling via the Internet and they were asked to write down their own personal definitions of religious fundamentalism. Our sample consisted of 50 adults (44% females and 56% males) aged between 19 and 60 years (AM = 28.5). Regarding education, 74% were university graduates, 14% were undergraduates, and 12% had secondary education. Members of a non-specified religious group formed 62% of the sample, 26% were not members of any such group, and 12% were formal but nonpracticing members of their group. The data were analyzed by the Constant Comparison Method (Grounded Theory Methodology). The results showed the category structure of the notion which yielded formal and content categories. Within the content categories, Extremism (Extremism in belief and in behavior), Dealing with otherness (Attitudes toward otherness and Reactions to otherness), and Personality traits, states, and needs emerged. The discussion bears on a comparison between personal understanding of religious fundamentalism and previous research findings based on a review of the pertinent literature.
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