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Mezi primátem politiky a ekonomickým rozvojem: Aronova sociologická koncepce industriálních společností

100%
Novak M.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2005
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vol. 41
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issue 5
801-821
EN
This article presents an analysis of Raymond Aron's sociological conception of 'industrial society', with an emphasis on the idea of the 'primacy of politics'. The discussion of Aron's conceptual and empirical treatment of 'industrial society' is based on an analysis of a selection of his major works. The author explains in what sense this is a genuinely sociological conception and to what degree it is inspired by classical political philosophy. He identifies where Aron departed from the theory of the convergence of capitalist and communist political systems and shows how Aron's conception of industrial society contradicted the central tenets of both classical and official Soviet Marxism. In the article, Aron's conception of industrial society is examined within the context of various strands of comparative political sociology. The author asks whether different approaches than those so successfully put to use by Aron in his analyses of 20th-century societies are necessary in order to fully understand the new realities that only became visible years after Aron's death.
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CULTURAL REALITY AND ITS FRAGMENTATION IN FLORIAN ZNANIECKI'S THOUGHT (Rzeczywistosc kulturowa i jej fragmentaryzacje w mysli Floriana Znanieckiego)

51%
Mikulowski-Pomorski J.
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
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2009
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vol. 45
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issue 2(180)
183-194
EN
Florian Znaniecki's life and work accompanied major social changes caused by industrial society formation. The goal of the paper is analysis of Znaniecki's views on cultural processes, with regard to social fragmentation and decomposition. Problems of fragmentation are seen in Znaniecki's idea of human sciences, but not in his analyses of social order change, that he viewed as a new order appearing from chaotic disorder. Collapse of social order is effect of destructive powers, social evil. New order stems from input of outstanding personalities who initiate processes of social order creation that provoke reactions from other people; this process Znaniecki calls participation in culture. Constant elements of social life are customs. Industrial order promoted new work technique, that weakened workers' motivation and increased feeling of deprivation. Industrial society acted as a means of workers' discipline and kind of military regime. It was a forecast of world conflicts. Going in path with Znaniecki's analyses, the author discusses case of contemporary journalism and its fossilization.
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