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EN
The article examines the effect of government investment on a small open economy. It explores government capital expenditures on the kind of infrastructural developments that not only increase the country's output directly, but provide positive externals for private-sector production. The authors examine what long and short-term effects ambitious state developments have, depending on the outside transfers and the credit sources available. It is concluded that although the model in its present, strongly stylized form is only a numerical example (so that the numerical conclusions to be drawn from it are very limited in validity), the lessons presented here are interesting and may contribute new criteria to the lively Hungarian debates on the likely effects of state development spending and Union transfers.
EN
The market of long-term employee training programs in the current plethora of initiatives co-financed from European funds is a difficult one - particularly vulnerable to intense competitive stimuli and the fluctuations in demand. Is it possible to manage a program that seeks to maintain a relatively stable scale over the years in such circumstances, primarily based on reputation within the local market? An example of the Cisco Academy by the University of Gdansk indicates that it is.
EN
Public-private partnerships (PPP) involve private sector in delivering infrastructure assets and services in pursuit of value for money. The aim of this article is to select and analyse value for money drivers, which crucially influence provision of value for money through PPP in the Slovak political and economic environment. According to results of the realized survey there are six primary values for money drivers in public-private partnerships. They stimulate cost reduction, qualitative innovations or create general preconditions of value for money provision. This article highlights differences in value for money potential of PPP across sectors. It also relates primary value for money drivers with the project cycle of PPP.
EN
The social exclusion of the Roma population in Slovakia is manifested in many areas of life– from housing, education, access to healthcare and services, to employment and spatial distance. More than half of the Roma live in segregated settlements, which are characterized by a lack of fundamental infrastructure. Although a substantial number of infrastructure projects funded from EU funds were implemented to address these conditions the outcomes had been inconclusive. In this paper, the authors suggest that significant factors affecting the outcomes are general structural conditions, power asymmetries, and rooted social practices at the local level. Employing P. Bourdieu’s theoretical concepts and building on extensive fieldwork in municipalities of eastern and southern Slovakia, the authors identify three types of outcomes. These might serve as ‘ideal types’ for the better understanding of social processes leading to decision-making, and how various social agents may shape implementation of infrastructure projects at the local level. Finally, the authors discuss possibilities of how to mitigate discrepancies between the declared goals of the projects and their real outcomes.
EN
The article presents a theoretical outline of the investment process and its main phases with special attention being paid to chosen aspects of the infrastructural investment process in municipality. The investment process in municipality is very complicated mainly because its elements should be useful for ages. That causes a special need for adjusting infrastructure for future needs.
EN
The article offers the definition of the infrastructure of venture activity as a set of institutions (in the broadest sense), that serve the needs of venture enterprises and provide conditions for their successful development. The existing classification of subjects of venture business on different grounds was examined. The infrastructure institutions of venture activities of industrial enterprises of Ukraine are systematized, by types of services that they provide, into three groups: financial and credit institutions, organizational and technical business entities, informational and analytical companies and organizations; each of which includes certain entities (including those of the latest forms of management). Functional features of each of infrastructure subjects and their role in the venture activity of industrial enterprises and structural features of an investment environment of a venture activity in Ukraine in a whole were determined.
EN
In the article concept, primary goals and principles of regional innovative system are revealed; various approaches to formation of regional innovative system are considered. The general scheme of an infrastructure of regional innovative system is offer. It is analyzed in the paper the basic elements of infrastructure for regional innovative system.
EN
The aim of the paper is to assess advantages and disadvantages of the policy of the railway separation (unbundling) of infrastructure and services. The policy of vertical unbundling is an attempt to introduce competition into the provision of railway services. The vertical unbundling strategy in railways has been strongly advocated by the European Commission as a possibility to increase competition and efficiency in this sector. The strategy has been applied since the beginning of 1990’s in many European countries with varied energy, depth and timing. An evaluation of vertical unbundling strategy reveals both positive and negative aspects. On the positive side there are clear indications that introduction of reforms has improved efficiency. But it is evident that power of competition has significant limits in railways due to numerous specifics of this unique industry. If the unbundling policy has more advantages than disadvantages is subject to debate but there are strong indications that there are also other possible ways of combating inefficiencies in the railway sector.
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