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Antropologia literatury - projekt interdyscyplinarny czy transdyscyplinarny?

100%
Domanska I.
Przegląd Kulturoznawczy
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2011
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issue 1(9)
55-64
EN
The aim of this article is to discuss on a few antropology of literature conceptions from a different research circles and debate about proposed relations between involved disciplines. I paid a special attention on the manner of defining the research field of the antropology of literature in particular projects. This issue should be concidered in a wider context - the question is: in what extent, the research on antropology of literature is a part of an interdisciplinary or transdyscyplinary research tradition? Transdyscyplinary research should be considered as based on a professional specialization, but undertaking problems immpossible to solve within the framework of the particular disciplines. In this way it leads to a new reserch field constitution. Analysis of the presented examples implicates that antropology of literature research tends toward transdiscyplinarity.
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FILOZOFIA NA PÔDE VEDECKEJ SYNTÉZY (K 70. VÝROČIU ZALOŽENIA)

100%
Bakoš V.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2007
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vol. 62
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issue 10
853-869
EN
The 'Association for Scientific Synthesis' (1937 - 1940, 1945 - 1950) gathered a group of Slovak intellectuals, who tried to introduce the modern scientific attitudes and structural methods into Slovak culture. In their systematic effort for a coordinated and convergent scientific research, for an exact scientific language and the methods they were inspired by logical empiricism of 'Wiener Kreis', Czech Structuralism and Russian 'formal' school. Much of their attention was paid to such problems as the philosophy and methodology of science, concept of empirical knowledge, the questions of logical syntax and semantics, scientific verification, the problems of causality and rational induction as well as to the question of the development of personality. They presented the problems of art and literature from a structuralist point of view. When comparing the poetic language with the scientific language and its function they saw the former as a specific kind of sign. In the post-war period they confronted their non-etical attitudes with philosophical intuitivism and tried to bring together their scientific meta-theory and marxism.
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Paradigmata zkoumání řečové komunikace

100%
Korensky J.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2007
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vol. 68
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issue 3
163-169
EN
When seeking order in the chaos of contemporary approaches to speech communication and its assumptions, it is possible to begin with the fact that the langue-parole opposition (or the competence-performance opposition in some frameworks) is no longer a methodological universal. It thus follows that one criterion for the differentiation of approaches consists in the differences in establishing the goal of the research and its immediate objective and topic. From this perspective, approaches vary in regard to whether they are oriented toward the process of communication as a whole or whether they give preference to one of its components. A further criterion is the opposition of formal and non-formal models. Under the influence of post-modern ideology and in the framework of increasing interdisciplinarity, there has been shift from rational approaches to speech communication and its assumptions.
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THE CURRENT POSITION OF PHILOSOPHY

100%
Doomen J.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2010
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vol. 65
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issue 7
672-682
EN
What does the fact that academic philosophy has specialized to a high degree entail its pursuit for? In particular, how can philosophy at present contribute to discussions pertaining to scientific issues? Due to its evolved character, it does not, in contrast to earlier times, when it was still intertwined with the sciences, produce substantial material results. Now the sciences have established themselves as independent domains, its role is limited, being focused on reflection. This does not, however, lead to its demise; in fact, it may, in order to preserve at least the appearance of stability, turn out to be the covering discipline in an ever changing scientific landscape.
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Kultur und Technik: Genese und Stand einer Forschungsinitiative

100%
Banse G., Hauser R.
Teorie vědy (Theory of Science)
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2009
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vol. 31
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issue 3-4
131-152
EN
The systematic and interdisciplinary study of relations between technology and culture is at the core of one project at the Karlsruher Institute of Technology (KIT). This text introduces the institutional background of this project as well as some early activities and first results. After that it focuses on the theoretical foundations for the concepts of technology and culture being used in this project. Based on these thoughts the correlation between technology and culture is being illustrated and some examples of its interdependencies are given. Finally some concluding theses are presented.
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O NEVYHNUTNOSTI KOMPLEXNÉHO A INTERDISCIPLINÁRNEHO SLAVISTICKÉHO VÝSKUMU SLOVENSKEJ KULTÚRY

100%
Žeňuch P.
Konštantínove listy
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2014
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vol. 7
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issue 7
90 – 96
EN
The Slavic studies in Slovakia have been continuously formed as an interdisciplinary, coordinated and systematic research which has covered a wide range of research projects. A fundamental identification component of the Slavic research in Slovakia is the study of the Slovak – Slavic and Slovak – non-Slavic linguistic and cultural relations. The Slavic studies in Slovakia is perceived as a systematized discipline since it allows connections between several scientific fields which play an important role in examining cultural, social and political issues. The Slavic concept in Slovakia is an integral part of an internationally accepted Slavic environment and in various scientific-organizational forms of cooperation allows a wide range of scientific fields to form competent and scientific-organizational background for interdisciplinary, comprehensive and systematic research within the regional, wider European and international context.
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(„Wędrujące pojęcia”. Koncepcja Mieke Bal – przykład inter- czy transdyscyplinarności?

88%
Tabaszewska J.
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia
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2013
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issue 8
113-130
PL
The notions of inter- and transdisciplinarity represent categories which the humanities frequently resort to in the discourse, but which remain difficult to define.  The attempts to do so are most often associated with subscribing to one of the possible models of interpreting relationships between individual disciplines of science. Mieke Bal’s concept of transdisciplinarity, which this paper discusses, envisages a framework where the privileged form of formulating scientific concepts would be in research practice that is rooted not only in the methodologies of individual sciences but most of all in the everyday practices and experiences.   
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VÍCEOBOROVOST V HISTORICKÉ SOCIOLOGII

88%
Kalenda J.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2013
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vol. 45
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issue 2
150 – 171
EN
This paper is dedicated to examining the multidisciplinary nature of contemporary historical sociology. First, the text discusses how multidisciplinarity is understood in the field. In particular, to what extent historical sociology can be considered to be an interdisciplinary field, and, by contrast, how much it is dominated by other forms of interdisciplinary cooperation – transdisciplinarity and multidisciplinarity. While the first part of the study focuses on the elaboration of multidisciplinary issues in the context of the development of the social sciences, the second part of the text focuses on the main types of multidisciplinarity. The dominant conception of the multidisciplinary approach in modern historical sociology is illustrated by using the example of seven major publications. On this basis we would like to argue that: (1) researchers in this field of research have not yet explicitly addressed the delimitation of the multidisciplinary nature of their discipline, (2) the concept of historical sociology presented does not correspond with the concept of inter-disciplinarity, (3) multidisciplinarity in historical sociology varies between multidisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity.
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THEORY AND CRITICISM OF THE TRANSLATION THROUGH THE PRISM OF INTERDISCIPLINARITY AND TRANSDISCILINARITY (Teoria a kritika prekladu z pohladu interdisciplinarity a transdisciplinarity)

88%
Suwara B.
World Literature Studies
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2009
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vol. 1(18)
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issue 3
28-41
EN
The subject of the article is the reaction on the voices, repeatedly mentioning the declining sub-standardisation of the quality of translations. The authoress, beware of the fact, that this theme has not been regarded as crucial in the area of the translatological reflection so far, asks through the prism of interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity about the factors causing this state. The authoress considers on the one hand the contemporary accelerated and multiplied global communication and on the other hand the complicated methodology of the humanities, and thus the methodology of the translatological studies. The article presents the idea, that the thinking about translation could also integrate the culture of linguistics (J. Dolnik) and literary scholarly reflection (D. Attridge). The same inspirational value for the reflection of translation, or rather artistic translation, is given to the elaboration of the critical, in the meaning evaluative, scientific instruments.
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Moderní technologie a historická metoda

88%
Sommer P.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2012
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vol. 110
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issue 3-4
750-756
EN
The enormous boom of technologies (mainly electronics) experienced by our world in the last two or three decades has caused a radical change in the understanding of the methodology of science as such, in our context the methodology of social sciences. The postmodern scepticism connected with the possibility of learning the complexity of historical processes and evaluating large collections of resources that cannot be coped with in traditional “human” ways is often eclipsed precisely by references to the potential of modern technologies, which as very efficient tools manage what cannot be done by our weak human power and which correct the human tendency to err. Oftentimes, it is certainly true that these new tools, especially in the application of computers, unimaginably multiply the work capacity of individuals as well as teams. It is however also evident that the formulation of the point and purpose of the application of this capacity continues to be a merely human task. In general, this sense may be seen in learning and measured against the degree of this learning. A cursory look at the current state of historiography reveals that precisely that - the product of all research endeavours - is made the most problematic today. It is a task of the research community to return historical knowledge the position of an instrument bringing besides the undoubtedly subjective evaluation of resources and their testimony also conclusions that are controllably objective, because they have been achieved in a generally accepted and revisable way. At the same time, it is clear that no historical discipline can save itself but that a desirable principle of a historian’s work is the Braudelian ideal of total history, which still has contact points between individual historical disciplines and their resources. Not only does such an approach bring the priceless potential of the harnessing of source testimonies, but it also offers the exceptional possibility of a critical assessment of the conclusions of the individual fields, which must not contradict the conclusions of other disciplines. (Actually, they can, but then it is necessary, on the basis of convincing arguments, to decide whether the conclusion of a single discipline is right as opposed to the others or this single discipline is wrong.) Nevertheless, it is also crucial to know that a mere agreement of the sources and conclusions is not enough. Neither is a logically flawless argumentation model enough. Even here, it is essential to return to time-proven principles – namely that each conclusion should be a logical outcome of a stimulus of a source testimony, in no case vice versa. Free speculations on what a certain source stimulus might mean in total while not contradicting the source testimony, often with an unacceptable lowering of the threshold of argumentation’s sophistication, are at most a hypothesis. A hypothesis becomes a historical conclusion only if there is a generally accepted reason why it should be so. A reader of these lines may feel that I am quoting generally known banalities. My experience, however, takes me to the conclusion that it is a reminder of the frequently forgotten principles without which no historical work may claim scientific activity. We should realise that a historian’s work becomes a science only if it comes through a repeated path from a controllable resource base, through logical and clear methods, to generally acceptable conclusions. Only if these principles are generally not accepted can such absurdities occur that the official evaluation system of our research ostentatiously appraises the formal – not content – characteristics of its outcomes. The scientific quality of a work is determined by a correctly chosen opponent, the language used, the number of pages, the selected publication platform, index, in no case the correctness of the argumentation or the originality and novelty of the solution presented. New technologies and methodologies (even if applied from other scientific areas) are an important part of current research. For instance, it is hard to imagine today’s archaeology without natural-science applications enabling dating, technological interpretations of resources, accumulation and interpretation of many types of ecofacts, computer processing of large information sets, utilisation of digital geodetic methods etc. Once all the ‘bricks’ arising from that have been collected, it is necessary to select the building process, in whose every phase it must be clear what questions we study. In this phase, every scientific discipline relies on the already-mentioned controllable process. A significant prerequisite for its efficiency is the critical awareness of what potential the individual types of resources contain and what potential is contained in the methodologies of individual historical disciplines or methodological applications from the area of other sciences. Banalities again? Perhaps rather an observation that learning about history has clear principles and consequences, the ignoring of which means that the result does not bring new knowledge or that it does not belong in the area of history.
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Transdisciplinarita a vzpomínkové vyprávění

88%
Sramkova M.
Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)
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2009
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vol. 19
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issue 4
223-234
EN
On an example of a kind of folklore - commemorative narration, the essay is understood as a reflection on the relation of folkloristics to the methodology of multidisciplinarity, interdisciplinarity and especially to the new methodological stream - transdisciplinarity. It substantiates the folklore to reflect the social, cultural, historic, ethnographic and other 'non-folklore' phenomena in which it is performed and actualized, meeting its functions. Therefore, the relation of folkloristics to other disciplines is (and has to be) opened and its methodology is (and has to be) interdisciplinary. The main and crucial criteria for folklore analysis and interpretation cannot be substituted, however, by the methods of 'non-folklore' disciplines. The methodology of transdisciplinarity supposes such an abstracted folklore phenomenon (factum, sign), becoming a part of the problematics ruling over the interdisciplinary approach and representing its common 'keystone', to be applied across the branches. There are applied both the elements of anthropology, culturology, sociology, elements of communication etc. New professional literature is used and annotated in the analysis. The common observations are demonstrated in different versions of commemorative narration. The traditions and experience of Czech folkloristics are emphasized as well.
12
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LESZKA NOWAK’S NON-CHRISTIAN MODEL OF MAN AND THE INTERDISCIPLINARITY OF THE HUMANITIES

75%
Ciesielski M.
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia
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2013
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issue 7
87-111
EN
In the article, the author outlines the theory of action by Polish philosopher Leszek Nowak, the so-called non-Evangelical model of the human, which may provide basis for the theoretical integration of various disciplines within humanities. The models overcomes the limitations of the concepts of rationality of action, originating from the assumption that the acting subject always maximizes their own preferences.  Meanwhile, the discussed theory states that apart from the principle of rationality the principles in force in human life include the principle of counter-rationality and irrationality, which consist in maximisation of someone else’s, not one’s own, preferences and counter-preferences, respectively. The previous applications and expansions of the non-Evangelical described in the article demonstrate that the model has been used in the analysis of political, economic and cultural phenomena.  Hence, the model may be a cognitively useful foundation for conducting interdisciplinary research.  
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A Notional Level of Cognitive Distortions in Depression: Does It Exist? A Voice for Interdisciplinarity in Studying Cognitive Functioning of Individuals with Depressive Disorders

75%
Bartczak M.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2009
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vol. 40
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issue 4
58-71
EN
This aritcle raises the problem of cognitive depressive distortions observed at the notional level. It relates to recent neuropsychological, psychological, and linguistic studies, taking an interdisciplinary theoretical perspective, and illustrating the advantages of interdisciplinarity in modern psycholinguistic projects. It shows that, generally, the notional level has been neglected in psychopathological and psychological research on depressive functioning. The problem is described with reference to linguistic and psycholinguistic theories linking language with cognition. Particular emphasis is devoted to theories and methods of metaphorical processing analysis which, taking into account the similarities between cognitive functions engaged in understanding metaphors, and those disordered as a result of depression, seem to be an adequate frame to study the problem. The text ends with a proposal of an interdisciplinary research project dedicated to the study of metaphorical conceptualizations of some notions created by people suffering from depression.
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Pohled na originální interdisciplinární, dynamickou, herní a dekonstrukčně kritickou teorii řeči

75%
Kocourek R.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2006
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vol. 67
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issue 2
103-119
EN
This article presents an interpretation and critical assessment of Jan Korensky's recent collection of fifteen theoretical interdisciplinary essays (2004). The essays deal with linguistic as well as epistemological, communicative, semiotic and environmentally ethical questions integrated into a unifying philosophical paradigm. An essential component of this philosophical framework is a linguistic theory based on the primacy of parole, the dynamics of language, the conceptualized metaphor of play, and attracted by procedures of formalization and modelling. The author's major inspiration is his belief in the critical power of Derridean deconstruction. His profound motivation is a vision of giving existential hope to present-day endangered mankind by constructing a dialectically renewed rationalism and by removing or reducing existing epistemological and linguistic limitations. Special attention is paid to terminology. Key terms of the text are discussed at length and, in addition, separate essays deal with science, function, convention, paradox, vagueness and chaos. Three more specific essays concern sociolinguistic problems of the European Union and the language of a metropolis. The article also includes sections on the author's vocabulary - its multidisciplinary variety, metaphors, redefinitions and connotations, and on the complexity and readability of the text.
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Co onomasta ma z religioznawcą? Ku onomastyce interdyscyplinarnej (na przykładzie nazw kościołów i związkow wyznaniowych w Polsce

75%
Pasek Z., Skowronek K.
Onomastica
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2008-2009
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vol. 53
9–32
EN
In this article we present several problems connected with the so-called interdisciplinarity of contemporary onomastics. We consider, among other things, the eclecticism of its methodology and the degree of “equality of rights” of various social and humanistic sciences in the study of personal names. At the same time, we present a dialog position in this matter that is based on coexistence without conflict as partners in linguistics and other fields of knowledge in the scientific description of onyms. To illustrate the usefulness of such dialog thinking in onomastics, we analyze the names of churches and denominational connections from the perspective of linguistics (narratology) and onomastics as well as sociology and history of religion. It is our judgment that, thanks to such a multifaceted treatment of linguistic material, we can more fully show the complexity of these names’ motivation, their historical origin, and the multiplicity of functions fulfilled at present in the sphere of religious and social life.
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ENTROPY AS A TROPE: YURI LOTMAN’S GENERAL THEORY OF COMMUNICATION AS A CASE STUDY IN INTERDISCIPLINARITY

75%
Kelbert E.
World Literature Studies
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2021
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vol. 13
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issue 4
55 - 70
EN
This study considers the dialogue in the USSR between semiotics, cybernetics, and information theory, as a case study of the complexities of conceptual transfer between disciplines. Yuri Lotman’s use of the concept of entropy in literary criticism is especially telling. Information theory defines entropy in terms of a system’s complexity and predictability, while its metaphoric use outside that discipline connotes chaos and destruction. Lotman’s use of the term oscillates between these contradictory meanings and exemplifies both his development as a thinker leading towards his concept of the explosion, and his position as an intermediary figure (a mediator, to use his own term) between scientific and literary discourse. The tensions and the promise of a transient point of interdisciplinary encounter in 1960s Russia foreshadow current forays at dialogue between the sciences and the humanities, and illuminate, more generally, the grey area between literal and metaphorical uses of one discipline’s terminology in another disciplinary context.
17
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Detencja cudzoziemców jako temat badawczy i wyzwanie metodologiczne

63%
Schmidt J.
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
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2020
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vol. 46
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issue 2 (176)
91–106
PL
Tekst zawiera prezentację koncepcji i założeń metodologicznych (strategii badawczych) projektu „Organizacja przestrzeni w polskich ośrodkach detencyjnych dla cudzoziemców”. Jest to pionierskie przedsięwzięcie badawcze realizowane w instytucji totalnej, która do tej pory pozostawała poza oglądem przedstawicieli nauk społecznych. Roczne badania zespołowe, które przeprowadzono we wszystkich sześciu strzeżonych ośrodków dla cudzoziemców w Polsce miały charakter interdyscyplinarny, wymagały opracowania autorskiej, a zarazem eklektycznej koncepcji badania kultury organizacyjnej instytucji totalnej, odwołującej się do różnych inspiracji teoretycznych (proksemika, kinezyka, interakcjonizm symboliczny, teoria morfogenezy, koncepcja „patron-klient”, koncepcja ekonomii moralności i in.).
EN
The paper presents the conceptual and methodological assumptions (research strategies) regarding the project “Space organisation in Polish detention centres for foreigners”. This pioneer research project studies detention centres as a total institution, which so far was outside the area of academic interest. An interdisciplinary, one-year group research project in all six guarded centres for foreigners in Poland involved an original, eclectic concept of studying the organisational culture of total institutions. This concept referred to various theoretical inspirations, such as proxemics, kinesics, symbolic interactionism, morphogenesis theory, the model of patron-client relations, the concept of morality economics, etc.
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COMPARATIVE LITERATURE AND ARTISTIC TRANSLATION (Porovnavacia literatura a umelecky preklad)

63%
Franek L.
World Literature Studies
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2009
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vol. 1(18)
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issue 2
25-41
EN
At the beginning of the paper the author characterizes the fundamental features of comparative literature since its formation. He understands the discipline as a complex interdisciplinary area of cognition, whose uniqueness stems from the affiliation to systematism as well as from the instability of criteria, terminology and valid norms. In order to provide an example of a multilateral approach, the author summarizes the research of the Cuban scholar C. Suarez Leon on the influence of V. Hugo on J. Marti's ideoaesthetic concept of universality. The author emphasizes the bond between Marti and the Hispanic American continent, which is also reflected in Marti's thoughts about his own translations of Hugo's work. In the next part of the paper the author focuses on the theoretical heritage of Slovak comparative literary studies (D. Durisin) and historical poetics (M. Bakos). In Slovakia the work of M. Bakos is considered to be the first important step towards interdisciplinarity. The author simultaneously draws attention to the violent interruption of the intra-literary research in the development of national literatures at the beginning of the 70s. The author, familiar with Durisin's theory, deepens and broadens Durisin's comparative approach in his own inter-literary analysis of Slovak translations from French poetry. Besides M. Bakos's formal method, the author finds inspiration in the structural poetics of J. Cohen. The author demonstrates the fruitful use of semiotics in comparative research on the example of the polysemy of Romanian languages. He leans on the significant role of Slovak criticism of artistic translation (J. Felix), which has developed in Slovakia more than in Western countries. On this basis, the author revaluates Durisin's unequal relationship between the received and the receiving literary context. In accordance with the ideas of the Spanish comparatist C. Guillen (Between the One and the Diverse), he accentuates the need for a critical-analytical approach to literary texts, and especially so in connection with the translated literature. As far as the pedagogical purposes are concerned, he with the emphasis on students' own creativity argues for the interconnectedness of theory and practice and for the complex effect of the discipline (literary history, stylistics, literary translation) in the teaching process. The developments in modern and post-modern literature have been increasingly influencing this interdisciplinary method by multicultural symbiosis. Thanks to this, the comparative literature has not lost its original human dimension and importance even today.
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