Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 25

first rewind previous Page / 2 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  INTERNATIONAL TRADE
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 2 next fast forward last
1
Content available remote

Impact of International Trade on Employment in Polish Industrial Sector

100%
Grotkowska G.
Ekonomia. Rynek, Gospodarka, Społeczeństwo
|
2008
|
issue 20
26-50
EN
In this article the authoress is trying to address the question of impact of international trade on employment and its skill structure in the Polish secondary sector. After presenting stylized facts concerning changes in employment and wages in the years 1994-2003, she estimates elasticity of employment versus international trade flows. Both direct and indirect effects (impact of trade through changes in labour productivity) are taken into account. The elasticity appears to be positive in the case of exports and negative as far as imports is concerned, but is much higher - as for absolute value - in the case of outflow of goods from Poland. What's more, the sensitivity of employment for international trade appears to be much higher in the case of blue-collar workers than in the case of white-collar workers. Using estimated parameters and relative changes in trade in the analyzed period, the quantitative effects of trade are estimated: in spite of high dynamics of import penetration, higher elasticity of employment versus exports results in positive general effect of trade for employment (about 1.6 million workers as for secondary sector except for mining). It seems therefore that there are different factors that lie behind fall of employment in manufacturing (changes in demand structure, industry structure, technological shocks) and the main effect of trade was a changes of both skill and branch structure of employment.
2
Content available remote

Przyczyny nieuchwytności efektu learning-by - exporting w badaniach polskich przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych

100%
Serwach T., Gabrielczak P.
Zarządzanie i Finanse
|
2012
|
vol. 1
|
issue 3
279-291
EN
In literature one can find the learning-by-exporting hypothesis (LBE), according to which exporters should increase their productivity due to experience gained from international activity. However, when researching into Polish exporters, this hypothesis has not yet been sufficiently proven. The aim of this article is to present potential reasons for elusiveness of the LBE effect in empirical analyses based on Polish manufacturing enterprises. Both, mechanisms questioning the LBE effect and factors limiting its scope, were considered. Based on conducted analyses it has been concluded that the main factors rendering difficult in observation of LBE are: quick diffusion of all innovational solutions, which restrains enterprises from investing, and relatively small share of ex-porters with little experience, among whom the effect is the strongest.
3

The influence of foreign direct investment on the host country's foreign trade

80%
Rozkwitalska M.
Pieniądze i Więź
|
2006
|
vol. 9
|
issue 4(33)
154-162
EN
From the beginning of transition process in Poland Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is the significant element of foreign funds inflow. Hence, the influence of foreign capital on economy and its chosen areas is an interesting issue. The authoress analyses the relationship between FDI and international trade of a host country. There is especially described links between strategies in international production of transnational corporations and participation of foreign affiliates in external trade of host economy. There is the analysis of structural relationship between FDI and trade, too.
4

Approaches to International Technology Transfer Measurement – An Overview

80%
Roszkowska D.
Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2013
|
issue 5(65)
51-63
EN
The article addresses the issue of the international technology transfer (ITT) process. For most of the countries the ITT remains the main mechanism supporting the technological progress of the economy. Along with the growing importance of knowledge in every economy, technology diffusion taking place due to the ITT takes on a great and potentially even greater economic significance. However, there is no unified complex index of the process, which would indicate its scope and dimension in particular economies. In order to investigate the size of the process, a row of the following single measures are usually applied: the value of the FDI inflow into particular economy, the volume of im-ports, the value of the acquired intellectual property, the number of the patent application forms sub-mitted by the foreign entities. Of the great importance is to analyse all aforementioned channels and estimate their value in different economies. To compare the process on the global scale, it is reasonable to evaluate the particular variables in relation to the GDP value in different countries individually. It would also allow to demonstrate the degree, to which the economy depends on the foreign technology.
5
Content available remote

VENETIAN MERCHANTS IN THE LOWER DANUBE AREA AND THEIR ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL TRADE EXCHANGES IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY

80%
Luca C.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
|
2011
|
vol. 109
|
issue 2
294-327
EN
This paper is focuses on a topic which is very important for the better knowledge of the social and political evolution of the South-Eastern European area. The role of the Venetians, and also of the Greek, Armenian and Macedoromanian merchants, subject of the Venice Republic, was very important in Eastern Europe not only from an economic perspective, but also in what concerns the establishment and financial support given to confessional and secular schools, to publication of books in their national languages and to efforts at manufacturing and preserving their collective identity.
6

EC INCENTIVE ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND GOOD GOVERNANCE (GSP PLUS) AND WTO LAW. CRITICAL ANALYSIS.

80%
Gruszczynski L.
Polish Yearbook of International Law
|
2008
|
vol. 28
219-235
EN
This article analyses the EC general system of preferences, concentrating on its Sustainable Development and Good Governance (GSP Plus) section. In particular an attempt is made to assess the conformity of GSP Plus with the international obligations imposed by law of the World Trade Organization (WTO). This analysis is carried out in light of the recent WTO ruling which found the old system of preferences incompatible with WTO law. In this context, the article argues that some aspects of the GSP Plus system may potentially conflict with the requirements of international trade law.
7

Non-tariff obstacles to Hungarian exports. Lessons of a corporate survey

80%
Torok A., Deli Z.
Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)
|
2004
|
vol. 51
|
issue 7/9
659-678
EN
Non-tariff means of market protection and the increasing relegation of tariffs bring uncertain and incalculable sales conditions for firms expanding on international markets. Utilization of such means is arbitrary in most cases. It is decided by the situation, the exporter and the character of goods what means firms entering the market find themselves facing, while analysing the effects of such means and allowing for a strategic calculation of consequences is cumbersome and often impossible. The study sets out to summarize the non-tariff barriers encountered by Hungarian firms on foreign markets and thereby make Hungarian firms on foreign markets better acquainted with the range of means applicable and the effects of these.
8

INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES: STRUCTURAL DETERMINANTS OF BALANCE OF SERVICES

80%
Šíma O.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
|
2022
|
vol. 70
|
issue 2
188 – 208
EN
The paper aims to highlight the importance of services as an integral component of international trade and, in particular, to identify structural determinants affecting their balance. The analysis is made using panel regression for 1980 – 2016 and includes all the world countries. The text is based on approaches of international trade theory concerning specific features associated with services. Significant factors affecting the balance of services include the presence of foreign direct investment, financial sector development level, geographic factors, human capital stock and interaction between the balance of services and balance of goods.
9

Incomplete Exchange Rate Pass - Through in Foreign Trade

80%
Misztal P.
Ekonomista
|
2008
|
issue 5
607-628
EN
The main aim of the article is the examination of phenomenon of incomplete replication of differences in exchange rates to prices in foreign trade, in the light of theory and practice. An extent to which exchange rate differences are reflected in prices on the destination market of traded goods is called 'exchange rate pass-through'. Incomplete exchange rates pass-through is called 'pricing to market'. The practical interests are concentrated particularly on the investigation of pricing to market phenomenon in Polish foreign trade. Moreover, this analysis deals with pricing to market practices in the US, Canada, Japan, China, United Kingdom and the euro zone countries.
10

Wpływ eksportu na sprzedaż i wskaźniki rentowności spółek notowanych na Giełdzie Papierów Wartościowych w Warszawie

80%
Wyrobek J.
Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie
|
2012
|
issue 877
99-114
EN
The aim of the paper is to empirically investigate the relationship between export share in sales and the profitability of exporting companies and sales growth. Research suggests a lower return on sales for exporters, and no significant differences between exporters and non-exporters were found for either net profitability or sales growth.
11

K HOSPODÁŘSKÝM VZTAHŮM MEZI ČESKOSLOVENSKEM A ČÍNSKOU LIDOVOU REPUBLIKOU PO NÁSTUPU TENG SIAO-PCHINGOVA REFORMNÍHO VEDENÍ

70%
Skřivan Jr. A.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2012
|
vol. 60
|
issue 3
471 – 483
EN
In the 1980s, Czechoslovakia essentially succeeded in using the reform process and emerging economic boom in the People’s Republic of China to widen mutual trade relations. On the other hand, the Beijing government did not hinder the more rapid development, especially at a time, when it was forced to confront a growing trade deficit and shortage of foreign currency for buying from the developed democratic states. However, the boom in Czechoslovak – Chinese trade should not be overestimated and its effects may not have been unambiguously positive. Mutual trade was stimulated by some non-economic factors, and from a purely economic point of view, it was at least questionable.
12

INTERNATIONAL TRADE STRUCTURE OF COUNTRIES FROM THE DANUBE REGION: COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE ANALYSIS OF EXPORT

70%
Ignjatijeviċ S., Ćiriċ M., Cariċ M.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
|
2013
|
vol. 61
|
issue 3
251 – 269
EN
The subject of this paper is comparative advantage and specialization level analysis in international trade of primary and industrial products of countries from the Danube region. Export structures, together with comparative advantages and specialization level of countries from the Danube region have been dynamically observed. The research utilizes the Balassa (RCA) and Lafay (LFI) indexes of comparative advantage and Grubel-Lloyd’s index of intra-industrial exchange. This research has been found that the positive value of comparative advantage in the export of primary products is present in the cases of Romania and Bulgaria, and as regards the export of industrial products the same applies for: Austria, Germany, Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia and Ukraine.
13

Экспорт энергетических ресурсов России в Европейский Союз

70%
Zakladnaya U.
Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2012
|
issue 5(59)
119-133
EN
The paper addresses to the issue of natural resources export (oil and gas) from Rus-sian Federation. Due to the fact that Russia possesses great energy resources, it seems important to explore the characteristics its export from the point of view of geographical structure as well as of sectoral one. The main aim of the paper is an analysis of oil and gas export to European Union.
14

FREE TRADE AREA BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND CHILE ON THE BACKGROUND OF THE US REGIONAL POLICY RELATED TO THE LATIN AMERICA (Strefa wolnego handlu pomiedzy Stanami Zjednoczonymi a Chile, na tle polityki regionalnej USA...)

70%
Wocial M.
Afryka, Azja, Ameryka Lacinska (Africa, Asia, Latin America )
|
2006
|
vol. 83
105-120
EN
This paper attempts to examine the significant effects of creation of the free trade area between the United States of America and Chile. The presentation of real figures and data is synthesized with theoretical background pertaining to a general evolution in approach of the US decision makers to the Latin America region since the beginning of 20th century. What is most important, an impact of the FTA seems to provide both parties of the agreement with gradual acceleration of a bilateral foreign exchange, as well as countable gains. Conclusions drawn from this paper reflect the only economic justifications of FTAs skeptics for their existence, which are: more advanced integration than in case of traditional agreements of that type and so called lock-in effect. Both of this conditions are valid in the context of the FTA agreement between the US and Chile. What is more, the undeniable success of Mexico participation in NAFTA structures and predicted positive long-term effects of USA- Chilean cooperation, provide regional liberalization enthusiasts with strong evidence, that although lot of criticism, this form of international liberalization works. This means practically, that one can expect progressive creation of the trade blocs, rather than further global liberalization based on general GATT rules within following negotiation rounds.
15

Liberalizacja handlu artykułami rolno-spożywczymi na forum Rundy Doha WTO – stan i perspektywy negocjacji

70%
Hajdukiewicz A.
Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie
|
2012
|
issue 888
45-60
EN
Despite the fact that the WTO’s Doha Round and its multinational negotiations have been ongoing for nearly a decade, the participating counties have as yet to conclude the final agreement. One of the most important – and controversial – issues is the rules governing the liberalisation of international trade in agriculture. The current text of draft Doha modalities anticipates significant concessions, to be made by member countries to reduce tariffs on agricultural and food products and trade distorting domestic support to the agricultural sector. A consensus on the complete elimination of all forms of export subsidies has also been reached. Issues still to be agreed upon include the special safeguard mechanism (SSM) for developing countries and rules on sensitive products which would be subject to smaller tariff cuts. A new initiative to boost negotiations, involving heads of state of some country members, and supported by experts and the Director General of the WTO, has recently been announced. There is much to be gained from the multilateral liberalisation of trade, they have said, but also warn that the failure of the Doha Round would, apart from carrying a high cost of lost opportunities, seriously damage the WTO’s credibility and lead to the erosion of the multilateral trade system.
16

GEOGRAPHICAL STRUCTURE OF FOREIGN TRADE OF ENTERPRISES IN THE UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS REGIONS (Heohrafichna struktura zovnishnoi torhivli pidpryiemstv rehioniv Ukrainskykh Karpat)

70%
Maksymenko S. Y.
Rehionalna ekonomika
|
2009
|
issue 4(54)
188-196
EN
The topical questions of international trade of the Ukrainian Carpathians region as well as the geographical structure of foreign trade of the Transcarpathian Region's enterprises are investigated. The peculiarities of foreign trade in export-import of the Transcarpathian Region's activity with the countries of 'Great Seven' and the adjacent states are grounded.
17

ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF THE CETA TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE EU AND CANADA ON THE SLOVAK ECONOMY

61%
Dovaľová G., Hošoff B., Kališ R., Lábaj M., Stracová E.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
|
2018
|
vol. 66
|
issue 8
771 – 797
EN
This paper is focused on the impact arising from the conclusion of the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) between the European Union and Canada on the Slovak economy, with an emphasis on the automotive industry, machinery industry and electronics industry. Its aim is to estimate the direct as well as indirect effects generated by changes in international trade on Slovakia’s value added, exports and employment, using the multi-regional input-output model. Based on different variants of development, it is expected that the average impact of CETA on the Slovak economy, as a result of the removal of the tariff barriers, will amount to 0.013% GDP, while the impact on job creation was estimated at 0.012% of the total employment. Removing the tariff barriers should lead to an increase in exports to Canada on average by 8%, in the event of a strong reaction to a price drop even by 18%.
18

ECONOMIC IMPACT OF NATURAL GAS SUPPLY DISRUPTIONS – CASE OF SLOVAKIA

61%
Fašungová L., Radvanský M.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
|
2014
|
vol. 62
|
issue 2
167 – 184
EN
European energetic safety is belongs to the most discussed economic issues. This paper analyses impact of sudden, large-scale and persistent gas supply disruptions on the economy. This situation has been observed in real economy, more particularly in Central Europe and Balkan countries during Russia-Ukraine gas crisis at January 2009, where the gas supply was cut-off for 13 days. We will analyse the effects of this cut on Slovak economy, which belongs to one of the most affected. Economic analysis will be based on Computed General Equilibrium methodology – CGE model. Our aim is to estimate gas failure as an exogenous non-marginal supply shock with serious impact on aggregated and structural economic indicators. First quick estimation about possible daily losses at level about one third of daily GDP was confirmed. As a result of this disruption, there was implemented project in Slovakia to allow full reverse flow at main pipeline from Czech Republic. Slovakia can be now supplied from the west in case of unpredictable situation.
19

PRÍSPEVOK PAULA KRUGMANA K ROZVOJU EKONOMICKEJ VEDY

61%
Muchová E.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
|
2009
|
vol. 57
|
issue 5
475-491
EN
Last year Paul Krugman was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science for his analysis of trade patterns and location of economic activity. The paper deals with the significant elements of his scientific works, the basic assumptions incorporated in the models, particularly economy of scale and imperfect competition. The new approach to trade theory is introduced based on the explanation why intra-industry trade occurs between similar countries. The core-periphery model is considered as a starting point of the new economic geography with far-reaching consequences for further economic research. Other contributions to economic theory are mentioned such as the analysis of international monetary policy, the study of currency crises, target zone of exchange rates etc.
20

EFFECTS OF TRADE POLICY ON TRADE AMONG THE EU AND BRICS COUNTRIES

61%
Vahalík B., Fojtíková L.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
|
2020
|
vol. 68
|
issue 9
918 – 938
EN
The aim of this paper is to estimate whether the liberalization process benefited a mutual trade between the EU and BRICS Members over the last two decades, and whether protectionism, which is currently on the rise, still represents a significant toll to trade. Our results proved that the multilateral trade liberalization process, represented by the WTO, is no longer benefiting trade among observed economies. It clearly confirms the long-standing stalemate in the WTO. We have also found that the observed FTA between the EU and South Africa created trade strongly, but unevenly. Finally, we found that the level of tariffs no longer represents a significant barrier to trade among observed countries.
first rewind previous Page / 2 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.