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Self-education was the subject of the interest of many researchers, especially pedagogues, philosophers and psychologists. This article describes the definitions of self-education appearing now and formerly. This article explains also, what is and how to understand the essential attributes of self-education.
EN
Qualitative methods, due to their specific approach to social reality - which in turn leads to specific approach to the subjects of analysis - have the same proportion of adherents as opponents. Additional problem results from the interpretative paradigm that blurs the borders between particular theoretical conceptions, which consequently favors freedom of interpretation. This situation results in widespread criticism of qualitative analyses, voiced mostly by supporters of the positivist conception of science. As a result, social researchers tend to contrast these two methodologies, often disregarding qualitative analyses. Still, both types of analysis have their advantages and disadvantages. More importantly, proper understanding of qualitative analysis combined with quantitative approaches could help to create a complementary unit, which would provide a relatively comprehensive explanation of social phenomena and processes - both on an individual and collective level. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to indicate the aforementioned dangers and to show the specific nature of qualitative analyses as a new way of exploring different spheres of reality.
EN
The deliberations undertaken in the article are a fragment of a broader research project into the social and cultural position of the modern male. This issue poses the question about the extent and activity areas in which men presenting themselves relate to traditional characteristics of the personal model of the male, and those in which one can find new elements brought about by contemporary social, economic and cultural reality. The starting point for empirical analysis is marked by two basic issue - efficiency and auto-presentation, treated here as sensitising ideas. The main focus is on one of two most important efficiency factors-activities, divided into general and particular ones. On their basis, quality analysis of visual material is conducted, which constitutes the starting point in searching for and diagnosing changes as well as constructing the contemporary concept of manhood.
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