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EVOLUTION AS VARIABILITY OF DURATION. AN ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT OF 'QABZ VA BAST' IN IRANIAN TRADITION

100%
Zaborowska M.
Hemispheres. Studies on Cultures and Societies
|
2008
|
issue 23
85-110
EN
The key-point of this article is the theory of 'qabz va bast-e teurik-e shari'at' (The theory of expansion and contraction of religion) developed by Abdolkarim Soroush, one of the most famous and highly regarded contemporary Iranian intellectuals. His theory is centred around the issue of variability of our perception of the world and religion. Soroush calls for constant interpretation of the sacred texts and insists on perceiving knowledge as a process of permanent contractions and expansions (qabz va bast). By using these concepts he refers to Sufism, where both terms are often applied to describe mystical states of the disciple. The analysis of the terms 'qabz' and 'bast' makes it possible to place his theory in the context of a much broader problem, that is to say the dynamic nature of the world. It allows one to demonstrate that the idea of constant change which leads to development, found in Sufi poetry and in philosophical teachings of some Persian philosophers, is still present in human culture and consciousness regardless of the passing centuries.
2

ETYMOLÓGIA MENA SIMARЬGLЪ A NIEKTORÉ IRÁNSKE PARALELY

88%
Pukanec M.
Slavica Slovaca
|
2012
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vol. 47
|
issue 2
104 - 107
EN
The paper deals with the etymology of the Slavic theonym Simarьglъ. The name Simarьglъ may be derived from*Simorьglъ/*Simōrьglъ and is considered to be a compound of Persian Sīmurgh ‘mythical flying creature’ (in Avestan saēnō mereghō ‘the bird Saēna’, originally ‘eagle bird’), and Slavic *orьglъ ‘eagle’, which is an example of the Slavic taboo word, with an addition of a velar stop to orьlъ ‘eagle’ (cf. Lithuanian erẽlis ‘eagle’ and Latvian ḕ rglis ‘eagle’, or Old Czech noh ‘mythical eagle’ and Slovak *knoh (later knoch-ta) ‘mythical eagle’). Simarьglъ is then interpreted as a mythical bird and as a God, as Iranian Sīmurgh is in the Farid al-Din ‘Attar’s Conference of the Birds. This is the tale of mystical journey of birds in search of their mythical king, Sīmurgh, a cosmic bird of ancient Iranian lore, and the theme of journey of the birds had been used long before ‘Attar as a symbol for the soul’s attempt to approach God.
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