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EN
This article presents the arguments for the cult of icons presented during the Second Council of Nicaea. The arguments are theological, philosophical, sociological and logical. Of the eleven arguments cited, the largest part of the conciliar acts regard the depiction of the miracles performed through icons.
PL
Artykuł prezentuje argumentację za kultem ikon przedstawioną w czasie obrad Soboru Nicejskiego II. Argumenty mają charakter teologiczny, filozoficzny, socjologiczny i logiczny. Spośród jedenastu przytoczonych argumentów najwięcej miejsca w aktach soborowych zajmuje opis cudów dokonanych za pośrednictwem ikon.
EN
The abyss is most often discussed from the point of view of the Scripture or human existential experience. The purpose of this article is to show the abyss in the icon where these two aspects are present. Applying reference and comparison methods, one can see the victory of Jesus Christ, which takes place in sheol over Satan and his rebellious angels. The victory accomplished on the cross by the Savior has its continuation here because in the icon it becomes the gate to heaven for the righteous dating back to Adam and Eve, the first parents of humankind. Rich symbolism of the icon Descend into the Abyss from various icon schools allows us to make a broad theological interpretation which becomes an inspiration for further research and the discovery of its message and symbolism, in the dogmatic, spiritual, liturgical, homiletic, artistic and psychological dimensions.
XX
Service to Our Lady of God of Perpetual Succour has been known in Poland since 1869 and due to Redemptorist Fathers it is reborn at present. As a result of research on the content of the church songs to worship Our Lady of God of Perpetual Succour a theological picture of the Holy Virgin Mary functioning in folk piety characteristic for this type of service has appeared. Our Lady of God of Perpetual Succour is beautiful in her picture. Her beauty surpasses other creatures. She is both Queen Mother and Virgin with a loving face and anxious eyes. Our Lady is our Mother helping us continuously. She is a sensitive and carrying Mother, extremely successful in offering help. Her helpful hands and intercession in God cause that as a loving Mother she is an escape and hope for Her worshippers. The picture of Our Lady of God of Perpetual Succour in the songs is correct but not full. On one hand it is in accordance with the statement of the Vatican Council that Church uses in its summons to Blessed Virgin the following titles: Advocate, Succour Mediator but on the other hand this picture requires a supplement in the songs with ecclesiotypical content.
Rocznik Teologiczny
|
2016
|
vol. 58
|
issue 2
153-172
PL
W prawosławnej ikonografii wizerunek Bogurodzicy zajmuje pierwsze miejsce po wyobrażeniach Jezusa Chrystusa i tworzy z nim harmonijną całość. Ikonografia Matki Bożej liczbą typów i wariantów przewyższa nawet liczbę ikon Zbawiciela. Chociaż badacze nie są w pełni zgodni co do systematyki ikon maryjnych, to odnosząc się do pierwowzorów wykonanych przez ewangelistę Łukasza i opierając się na tradycji cerkiewnej, założyć można, że istnieją trzy kluczowe typy: „Hodegetria”, „Eleusa” i „Orantka” oraz jeden umowny – „Akatyst”. Wśród nich „Hodegetria” zajmuje szczególne, uprzywilejowane miejsce. Ikony tego typu, wywodzące się z Cesarstwa Bizantyjskiego, największy rozkwit uzyskały na Rusi, skąd dotarły też na polskie ziemie. W prawosławnych świątyniach w Polsce znajduje się obecnie wiele ikon tego typu, wśród których do najbardziej znanych należy zaliczyć: Bielska, Białostocka, Chełmska, Iwerska ze św. Góry Grabarki, Supraska, Turkowicka, Leśniańska, Lubelska, Hajnowska „Radość Nieoczekiwana”, Rybołowska, Sanocka, Jabłeczyńska, Jaworska, Krasnostocka, Kożańska.
EN
Abstract The image of the Mother of God in Orthodox iconography has got the first place just after the images of Jesus Christ and together with him forms a harmonious entirety. The number of types and variants of the iconography of Our Lady is even higher than the number of icons of the Savior. Although researchers are not fully agreed to the typology of images of the Mother of God, it refers to the archetypes made by the Evangelist Luke and it’s based on the tradition of the Orthodox Church, it can be assumed that there are three key types: Hodegetria, Eleusa and Orans and one contractual – Akathistos. Among them, Hodegetria has a special, privileged place. Icons of this type, came from the Byzantine Empire, but the greatest prosperity achieved in Rus, from where they came to the Polish lands. Nowadays there are many icons of this type in Polish Orthodox churches, among which the most famous are: Bielska, Białostocka, Chełmska, Iviron from Holy Mount of Grabarka, Supraska, Turkowicka, Leśniańska, Lubelska, Hajnowska “Unexpected Joy”, Rybołowska, Sanocka, Jabłeczyńska, Jaworska, Krasnostocka, Kożańska.
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