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PL
Głównym celem wprowadzenia systemu bonus-malus w ubezpieczeniach komunikacyjnych było uzyskanie narzędzia do właściwego dopasowywania wysokości składek ubezpieczeniowych do poziomu ryzyka przyjmowanego przez zakłady ubezpieczeń. System ten jest obecnie rozpowszechniony w krajach całej UE. Niestety coraz częściej pojawiają się głosy, iż jego efektywność nie zawsze kształtuje się na zadowalającym poziomie. Celem artykułu będzie krótkie przybliżenie metod oceny systemów bonus-malus oraz wskazanie kluczowych obszarów funkcjonowania systemu, które podlegają w nich ocenie. Artykuł ma charakter przeglądowy. Zebranie i krótkie scharakteryzowanie metod oceny systemów bonus-malus może pomóc osobom je analizującym w wyborze metody najwłaściwszej do konkretnego przypadku. Metody te bowiem mają swoje ograniczenia, założenia oraz specyficzne uwarunkowania co do danych, na których się opierają.
EN
The main objective of the bonus-malus in motor insurance was to obtain tools for adjusting the amount of insurance premiums to the level of risk transfered to insurance companies. This system is currently widespread in countries across the EU. Unfortunately, more often there are opinions that its effectiveness not always remains at a satisfactory level. The aim of the article will be brief discussion of methods of assessment bonus-malus systems and identify key areas of the system, which are subject to their evaluation. Thus, the article is a review. Assembly and brief characterization of methods of assessment the bonusmalus systems may be used can people analyzing them in choosing the most appropriate method for a particular case. Indeed, these methods have their limitations, assumptions and specific conditions regarding the data on which they are based
EN
In the years 2003-2009 the several acts of law concerning obligatory insurance of various professional groups were created. Insurances protect these groups especially from errors that occur during performing work. The article presents the problem of difficulties in calculating the contribution rates as a result of lack of data. But in order to calculate the rate of contribution the article attempts to use of subjective probability.
EN
In the free-market economy a lot of natural and legal persons have loans and liabilities. Many people and businesses have a hard time repaying loans and contracts. Appears very often bankrupt companies and consumer bankruptcy. A court executive officer (bailiff) has been called in order to enforce repayment of loans and commitments. Every bailiff is required to carry liability insurance. In this paper we assess the risk of this professional group, its social status, statistics of cases affecting and completed. We point to the vagueness and the sums guaranteed of compulsory insurance of civil liability. Critically evaluate the content of the Regulation of the Minister of Finance on compulsory insurance of civil liability of bailiffs.
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