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EN
In this study, the author focuses his attention on two main aspects. In the theoretical part, he presents a definition of the concept of "Internet of Things" based on the selection of the most cited sources. In the second part, a bibliometric analysis was carried out, which aims to indicate the development of the concept of "Internet of Things" in contemporary literature, and to find an answer to the question: to what extent is this term used in the area of business, economics and management? The analysis is based on the Web of Science and SCOPUS databases, and the results were modeled using CiteSpace and VOSviewer (Visualizing Scientific Landscpaes) computer programs. The conducted research is to indicate a research gap that has not been sufficiently covered by studies in the field of management concerning the indicated concept so far.
PL
W niniejszym opracowaniu Autor skupia swoją uwagę na dwóch głównych aspektach. W części teoretycznej przedstawia definicyjne ujęcie pojęcia „Internet rzeczy” w oparciu o wybór najczęściej cytowanych źródeł. W części drugiej przeprowadzona została analiza bibliometryczna, która ma na celu wskazanie rozwoju pojęcia „Internet rzeczy” we współczesnej literaturze oraz znaleźć odpowiedź na pytanie: w jakim stopniu termin ten jest wykorzystywany w obszarze biznesu ekonomii i zarządzania? Analiza prowadzona jest w oparciu o bazy Web of Science oraz SCOPUS, a wyniki zostały modelowane za pomocą programów komputerowych CiteSpace oraz VOSviewer (Visualizing Scientific Landscpaes). Prowadzone badanie ma za zadanie wskazać lukę badawczą, która dotychczas nie została wystarczająco zagospodarowana opracowaniami z zakresu zarządzania dotyczącymi wskazanego pojęcia.
EN
The Internet of Things solutions in addition to their most popular consumer use in the form of smartphones, smart watches and many smart home solutions have the potential to be used in a production environment for more effective work. Due to the number of processes taking place in such enterprises and the multitude of tools used, the possibilities of implementing such solutions are unlimited. Taking the example of the types of waste that occur in enterprises as detailed in the process of the development of the Lean Management concept, the authors of the article point to the possible use of the Internet of Things tools while eliminating waste, which reduces costs and creates a competitive advantage of the company. The considerations presented in the article were presented on the basis of conducted literature research and using such research methods as case analysis, direct participation of the authors in the selected cases and co-participating in observations.
PL
Rozwiązania Internet of Things, oprócz swojego najpopularniejszego, konsumenckiego wykorzystania w postaci np. smartfonów, inteligentnych zegarków oraz wielu rozwiązań z zakresu inteligentnego domu, mogą być wykorzystywane w środowisku produkcyjnym do efektywniejszego wykonywania pracy. Ze względu na liczbę zachodzących w takich przedsiębiorstwach procesów i stosowanych narzędzi możliwości tego typu rozwiązań są nieograniczone. Biorąc za przykład wyszczególnione w procesie rozwoju koncepcji Lean Management rodzaje marnotrawstwa w przedsiębiorstwach, autorzy artykułu wskazują na możliwe zastosowanie narzędzi Internetu Rzeczy do ich eliminacji, co wpływa na redukcję kosztów i tworzenie przewagi konkurencyjnej przedsiębiorstwa. Zaprezentowane w artykule rozważania przedstawione zostały na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań litera- turowych oraz przy wykorzystaniu takich metod badawczych, jak analiza przypadków, bezpośredni udział autora w identyfikowanych przypadkach, a także obserwacji współuczestni- czących.
EN
IoT (Internet of Things) requires the implementation of digital encryption of information, transaction support and recording of all events for security. It can provide cryptocurrencies protocols with adding an additional possibility of payments. This opportunity is not so much demanded at the hardware level as in the software implementation. We have discovered that IoT devices are widely used for illegal purposes for trusts or network consolidated attacks, and virtually no legal and useful ways of using their hardware-distributed capabilities. Standardization and compatibility in IOT network should become the main tools for the possibility of introducing new solutions, testing their utility, performance and safety. The standardization of a new approach to interactive protocols in the IOT network and the Internet with a finance approach is now inevitable. We need new IEEE standards for cryptocurrencies and IoT functioning. They must include standards for protocol functioning, transaction validation and saving, privacy and security support. Cryptocurrencies and IoT interaction diagram were proposed. The IoT network devices technology will be in the future instance of the smart class of digital-physical systems, which also encompasses technologies such as smart homes, intelligent transportation systems, smart cities etc. The financial aspect for purchasing software, services, solutions and sales of the resulting benefits will complement this network with additional capabilities. The development of standards for the financial level of functioning is also necessary.
Acta Iuris Stetinensis
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2020
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vol. 31
|
issue 3
79-94
EN
The Internet of Things is a modern technology that affects every area of human life, includ- ing employment relationships. IoT enables the processing of specific personal data categories, including biometric data, and entails the risk of employers interfering with employee privacy. Due to the use of intelligent solutions, the issue of employee privacy, which is, in princi- ple, a personal right subject to protection, becomes significant. The relationship between an employee and an employer includes two subjects of legal protection, the meeting of which may lead to internal contradiction. There is the employee’s dignity and privacy, on the one hand, and protection of reasonable interests of an employer, on the other. A definition of the concept of the Internet of Things and its applications was introduced. Moreover, the author proposed setting a specific legal framework for this and discussed the issue of biometric data. It was also shown how far IoT solutions, which make it possible to analyse and describe the personality of an individual, may interfere with the information autonomy of a person. As a consequence, the employer’s interference with employee privacy cannot be unrestricted, because it should be limited by purpose and lawfulness. This is the purpose of the current legislation.
EN
The growing interest of theorists and practitioners in managing CSR concept is undoubtedly a result of many socio-economic, ethical and environmental challenges faced by modern enterprises. The enormous progress in information technology and telecommunication technology observed over the course of several years has fundamentally changed the functioning of all participants in economic processes, giving rise to the so-called fourth industrial revolution. The aim of this article is to present selected challenges faced by enterprises related to the creation and dissemination of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the context of CSR. In the article the author’s attention was focused on the characteristics of CSR concept and the presentation of positive and negative consequences of ICT solutions applied by enterprises (e.g. Internet of Things – IoT, Big Data). The basis for the discussion presented in the article was domestic and foreign literature studies.
6
94%
EN
Year after year, smart home systems continue to increase in popularity among consumer households. Consumption of smart home systems is also predicted to increase steeply in the coming years. Therefore, the article aims at assessing the attitude of young consumers towards a smart home and its devices. The article is based on primary and secondary sources of information. While primary information indicated the attitude of young consumers towards smart homes in their capacity as potential buyers, secondary information allowed for the definition of the issues discussed pertaining to smart homes and their devices. Using direct research, the online survey technique was employed on a sample of 588 consumers aged 18-34 years living in Poland in 2021. The respondents' declarations showed that they intend using smart home services in the future, and that they thought using smart home devices would be enjoyable. In addition, respondents agreed with the statements that smart home devices are easy to use and valuable in everyday life, and that using smart home devices helps complete household chores faster. In their opinion, using a smart device at home can increase security and safety by detecting gas and smoke emissions and by creating an alert in the event of unauthorised home intrusion.
EN
The popularity of smart devices that collect and share data on user behaviour grows every year, and the number of such devices in households is forecast to rise steadily. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to present the attitudes of young consumers regarding the security of their data collected by smart devices, interconnected via the existing Internet infrastructure or other network technologies within the Internet of Things (IoT) systems. The paper was written based on both secondary and primary sources of information. Secondary sources were used to define the discussed issues related to the Internet of Things and the security of data collected by smart devices. Primary sources, on the other hand, offered direct evidence of the attitudes of young consumers on the security of such data. Direct research was carried out using an online survey carried out in 2021 on a sample of 588 consumers aged 18–34 living in Poland. The results show that more than half of the respondents pay great attention to where the data collected by the devices used in their households is kept and whether such data is safe. In spite of such declarations, more than half of those surveyed have no knowledge about the level of the security of such data. The respondents agreed with the statement that consumers accepted the uncertainty related to the loss of control over their personal data collected by smart devices more quickly than the risk involved in becoming disconnected from them.
EN
The main objective of this paper is to identify the benefits and challenges of the Internet of Things (IoT) application in the accounting field of organisations. The study adopts a questionnaire and an interview technique in a company from the road transport sector. The questionnaire research sample includes 151 accounting practitioners and students. Data are collected through the use of an online survey. A principal axis factor analysis with the Promax rotation is conducted to assess the underlying structure for the items of the questionnaire. The research outcomes indicate that, in the opinion of accountants and students, the IoT adoption enables the organisa tion to perform enhanced reporting analysis based on a large amount of data gained through sensors (mean = 3.98), access to data through cloud computing (3.97), and accounting process automation (3.95). From the point of view of managers, the most important benefit is the increase in employee productivity and asset management. The respondents indicate the following aspects as challenges: the creation of infrastructure for the adoption of new technology, which accounted for 40.22% of the variance, and cyber security, loss of privacy (7.23% of the explained variance). The findings reveal benefits and challenges for IoT adoption and could support managers in deploying new technology in their organisations. The research limitation concerns the fact that this study focuses on respondents from Poland.
|
2016
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vol. 38
|
issue 111
181-198
PL
Dynamika zmian współczesnego otoczenia sprawia, że przedsiębiorstwa musząposzukiwać stale nowych metod utrzymywania swojej przewagi konkurencyjnej. Obecnie, istotnymczynnikiem jest wykorzystanie technologii informatycznych ułatwiających nawiązywanie i utrzymywaniekontaktów z innymi podmiotami. Zgodnie z koncepcją open innovation, otwartość na współpracę możeprzyczyniać się do powstawania tzw. wartości dodanej. Przewaga konkurencyjna współcześnie niewynika więc z zabezpieczenia swoich kluczowych zasobów a z umiejętności ich współdzieleniai współwykorzystania. Artykuł przedstawia ilustrację modelu biznesowego wykorzystującego koncepcjęopen innovation na przykładzie wdrażania Internet of Things przez firmę Samsung Electronics, któryzostał określony na podstawie badań aktywności firmy Samsung Electronics oraz doniesień portalibranżowych. Artykuł ten jest częścią szerszych badań nad wykorzystaniem IoT w modelachbiznesowych współczesnych organizacji.
EN
Purpose: In supply chains, creating a secure space for data production, sending, storing, and analysis has always been a critical issue. The main goal of this research was to evaluate the importance of various security criteria in an intelligent supply chain system. Methodology: The main data collection method was the expert survey. Experts validated the security criteria and sub-criteria. Then, the importance of these criteria was evaluated using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process method. Findings: The results revealed that reliability and privacy with their sub-criteria were the most important ones among the obtained security criteria for IoT-based supply chain management. Practical implications: The research results can provide valuable insight for supply chains’ decision-makers. The findings can also be a good reference point for researchers who work on the IoT-based supply chain concept in other countries and sectors. Research limitations: Limitations of this study are the purposive sampling method and the limited scope of studied companies and sectors. Therefore, the article provides initial insight on the matter. Originality: The study presents the research problem from a new perspective and gives possible solutions for IoT-based supply chain management.
EN
This paper focuses on management of sensor networks and Internet of Things. Two alternative architectures for service management in IoT and sensor networks are analyzed. The first one is based on Open Service Gateway (OSGi) framework and Remote Services for OSGi (R-OSGi) bundle. The second one extends Representational State Transfer (REST) paradigm. The analysis confirms that these two architectures meet the requirements of both sensor networks and IoT management. However, to bypass the disadvantages of these architectures, the new one is proposed being a combination of the analyzed architectures. In our proposition, the OSGi framework is applied to manage local sensor networks and RESTbased architecture allows for managing complex services in Internet of Things. The RESTlet OSGi module integrates the OSGi management system for sensor networks with REST-based management of Internet of Things.
EN
This article aims to present the attitude of young consumers to issues related to the ecological approach to life at the time of the popularisation of smart devices and homes. The article was written based on secondary and primary sources of information. Direct research was conducted using the online survey technique in 2021 on a sample of 588 consumers aged 18–34 years living in Poland. The declarations of the respondents show that they have a positive attitude towards the use of smart homes and devices that facilitate the implementation of an ecological lifestyle. Positive answers refer to the use of smart homes and devices that improve the comfort and conditions of life, leading to savings in electricity, water and gas, and also offer the possibility for a healthier lifestyle and control over one's health and well-being.
13
71%
EN
Nagios and Icinga are very popular IT infrastructure monitoring systems. Several commercial systems are also based on or evaluated from them. The paper presents the experiences with Icinga in the Institute of Computer Science WUT. Practical usage revealed some system shortages related to many worthless plugins, configuration problems and the Icinga modules itself. They are addressed in this paper by some extensions developed towards deeper diagnostic analysis of the monitored systems and mobile and Internet of Things systems monitoring support.
PL
Życie w społeczeństwie nieodłącznie wiąże się z procesami identyfikacji, klasyfikacji i autoklasyfikacji, co w połączeniu z wielością dóbr stwarza niejednolite a niekiedy zaskakujące manifestacje tożsamości, sposobów i stylów życia. Jednym z nich może być „zanurzenie” w technologiach komunikacyjnych i informacyjnych oraz w Internecie Rzeczy. Wraz z całą zawartością treściową i medialną są one źródłem oraz narzędziami kształtowania tożsamości. Przedmiotem teoretycznych analiz było pytanie: czy i w jakim zakresie technologie medialne determinują życie człowieka i jego tożsamość? Szczegółowej analizie – w kontekście Internetu Rzeczy - zostało poddane pokolenie Alpha. Jego prezentacja została poprzedzona syntezą generacji Y i Z. Omówienie kolejnych generacji poprzedziły rozważania terminologiczne dotyczące terminu „tożsamość” oraz „pokolenie”. Przyjęto tezę, iż użytkownicy mediów nie są grupą jednorodną, inny jest też rodzaj ich pierwszego i kolejnych kontaktów z technologiami medialnymi, inna wrażliwość i kompetencje. Główne zależności koncentrują się na podziale pokoleniowym. Data urodzenia odbiorców/użytkowników mediów w zdecydowanym stopniu determinuje ich tożsamość oraz styl życia. W publikacji zastosowano metodę analityczno-opisową.
EN
Living in society is inherently connected with the processes of identification, classification and self-classification. This combined with the multiplicity of goods creates patchy and sometimes surprising manifestations of identity and lifestyles. One of such manifestations may be “immersion” in information and communication technologies, which becomes a source and a tool of shaping identity. The article examines the question of whether and, to what extent, media technologies determine man’s life and his/her identity. Generation Alpha is analyzed in detail in the context of the Internet of Things. This analysis is preceded by a synthesis of Generation Y and Z, with Generation X deliberately omitted. The discussion of the features characterizing representatives of these generations is preceded by theoretical considerations on the following terms: identity, generation and the Internet of Things. It has been assumed that media users are not a homogeneous group; they differ in terms of their first and subsequent contacts with media technologies, their sensitivity and competence. These differences are mainly dependent on in the generation they represent. The identity and lifestyle of customers/media users are mostly determined by when they were born. An analytical and descriptive method is employed in the article.
e-mentor
|
2021
|
issue 3 (90)
73-83
EN
Dynamic technological progress is actively influencing the shape of modern education. Inventions that are constantly appearing on the market are often adapted to the needs of schools. One of the technologies that shows special potential in didactics is beacons. Beacons are small devices that can be used for communication, navigation and researching the recipient’s behavior. These functionalities are used in the education process, enabling the creation of completely new learning experiences. According to research, they can be successfully used in the classroom, during the formal learning process, as well as in various institutions, such as in informal transfer of knowledge, for example in cultural institutions. These sensors can contribute to the creation of a dynamic space for the exchange of knowledge and experiences, which will automatically respond to the individual needs of the recipient. The main goal of this article is to present the possibility of using beacons in the context of stationary education. The considerations were based on a review of the available literature. The work draws attention not only to the problems of the sensors themselves, but also to the possibility of their cooperation with other technologies. The collaboration of technical tools may contribute to the creation of more comprehensive solutions and, as a result, an increase in the quality and efficiency of the education process. However, as the analysis shows – beacons can be a promising technology in education, but their use is niche. Perhaps in future years, there will be more such solutions that will enable a more accurate assessment of these sensors. The author intends to continue her research to support the adoption of the described technology in Polish educational institutions.
e-mentor
|
2021
|
issue 3 (90)
73-83
EN
Dynamic technological progress is actively influencing the shape of modern education. Inventions that are constantly appearing on the market are often adapted to the needs of schools. One of the technologies that shows special potential in didactics is beacons. Beacons are small devices that can be used for communication, navigation and researching the recipient’s behavior. These functionalities are used in the education process, enabling the creation of completely new learning experiences. According to research, they can be successfully used in the classroom, during the formal learning process, as well as in various institutions, such as in informal transfer of knowledge, for example in cultural institutions. These sensors can contribute to the creation of a dynamic space for the exchange of knowledge and experiences, which will automatically respond to the individual needs of the recipient. The main goal of this article is to present the possibility of using beacons in the context of stationary education. The considerations were based on a review of the available literature. The work draws attention not only to the problems of the sensors themselves, but also to the possibility of their cooperation with other technologies. The collaboration of technical tools may contribute to the creation of more comprehensive solutions and, as a result, an increase in the quality and efficiency of the education process. However, as the analysis shows – beacons can be a promising technology in education, but their use is niche. Perhaps in future years, there will be more such solutions that will enable a more accurate assessment of these sensors. The author intends to continue her research to support the adoption of the described technology in Polish educational institutions.
EN
The introduction of digital technologies in the work of logistics companies is relevant, because it forms the basis for automation of business processes of firms. The main problems of logistics activities of enterprises include: outdated standards and technologies for managing logistics processes in China. Therefore, there is a need to introduce the Internet of Things in order to improve the quality of services of enterprises. A comparative analysis of the use of the Internet of Things in the work of logistics in Chinese companies. Positive and negative factors of influence on the digitalization of the processes of Chinese logistics companies have been formed. The organizational and economic support for the interaction of stakeholders with Chinese logistics companies with the use of the Internet of Things has been improved. The introduction of the Internet of Things is necessary for the formation of progressive trajectories for the development of China's logistics companies.
EN
Research background: Fintech companies should optimize banking sector performance in assisting enterprise financing as a result of firm digitalization. Artificial IoT-based fintech-based digital transformation can relevantly reverse credit resource misdistribution brought about by corrupt relationship chains. Purpose of the article: We aim to show that fintech can decrease transaction expenses and consolidates firm stock liquidity, enabling excess leverage decrease and cutting down information asymmetry and transaction expenses across capital markets. AI- and IoT-based fintechs enable immersive and collaborative financial transactions, purchases, and investments in relation to payment tokens and metaverse wallets, managing financial data, infrastructure, and value exchange across shared interactive virtual 3D and simulated digital environments. Methods: AMSTAR is a comprehensive critical measurement tool harnessed in systematic review methodological quality evaluation, DistillerSR is harnessed in producing accurate and transparent evidence-based research through literature review stage automation, MMAT appraises and describes study checklist across systematic mixed studies reviews in terms of content validity and methodological quality predictors, Rayyan is a responsive and intuitive knowledge synthesis tool and cloud-based architecture for article inclusion and exclusion suggestions, and ROBIS appraises systematic review bias risk in relation to relevance and concerns. As a reporting quality assessment tool, the PRISMA checklist and flow diagram, generated by a Shiny App, was used. As bibliometric visualization and construction tools for large datasets and networks, Dimensions and VOSviewer were leveraged. Search terms were “fintech” + “artificial intelligence”, “big data management algorithms”, and “Internet of Things”, search period was June 2023, published research inspected was 2023, and selected sources were 35 out of 188. Findings & value added: The growing volume of financial products and optimized operational performance of financial industries generated by fintech can provide firms with multifarious financing options quickly. Big data-driven fintech innovations are pivotal in banking and capital markets in relation to financial institution operational efficiency. Through data-driven technological and process innovation capabilities, AI system-based businesses can further automated services.
Cybersecurity and Law
|
2023
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vol. 9
|
issue 1
144-154
EN
One of the many problems facied by users, producers or network owners as well as those who deal with cybersecurity on a daily basis is the issue of vulnerabilities in Internet of Things devices. Although the most popular vulnerabilities are often presented to the general public, the vast majority of them are still known only to cybersecurity specialists, and not to the users who own the vulnerable device. Consequently, it is the users who are most likely to be at risk. It is advisable to increase user awareness of the dangers of owning and using unsecured devices as well as provide access to information about vulnerabilities. Ideally, we would like to have a single source where information about vulnerabilities and exploits related to IoT devices would be collected, aggregated and correlated. Among other things, the article presents various sources of actionable information as well as an open repository that presents information about vulnerabilities and exploits in an accessible way.
EN
Geospatial Information Systems, usually associated with cartographic, are expanding their range of use. The Internet of Things combined with the open data formula increases the universality and availability of geographic data, which allows to increase the range of information resources held so far in the alphanumeric form. Thanks to the availability of GIS tools, it becomes possible to enrich the functionality of business management solutions through the increasing use of geospatial analyzes and GIS systems. The article is an attempt to show the possibility of using the geographical dimension for the needs of business analyzes.
PL
Systemy Informacji Geoprzestrzennej (GIS), zazwyczaj kojarzone z zastosowaniami kartograficznymi, rozszerzają swój zakres wykorzystania. Internet Rzeczy w połączeniu z formułą otwartych danych zwiększa powszechność i dostępność danych geograficznych. Możliwe więc staje się zwiększenie zakresu zasobów informacyjnych utrzymywanych dotychczas w postaci znakowej. Narzędzia GIS wzbogacają funkcjonalność rozwiązań informatycznych w obszarze zarządzania poprzez coraz szersze wykorzystanie zarówno analiz geoprzestrzennych, jak również własności samych systemów GIS. Artykuł jest próbą pokazania możliwości wykorzystania wymiaru geograficznego dla potrzeb analiz biznesowych.
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