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EN
The present study investigates the country-specific determinants of intra-industry trade between Poland and its European Union trading partners in agricultural and food products during the time period 2002-2011. An econometric model for panel data is applied for the analysis of the factors determining Polish bilateral intra-industry trade with European Union countries. The research leads to the formulation of a statement that the intensity of intra-industry trade in agricultural and food products is positively influenced by the intensity of trade with EU countries and the level of economic development of the member countries (as measured by the size of their GDP per capita). Increase in intra-trade turnover is also facilitated by EU membership and by the fact that Poland’s trade partners use similar Slavic-based languages. Relative differences in the size of the economies and relative differences in Poland’s and its trading partners’ levels of economic development have a negative impact. The degree of the imbalance of trade turnover between trading partners also negatively influences the intensity of intra-trade exchange. The research confirms that the impact of all of the identified factors determining intra-industry trade is consistent with the predictions of the theory.
EN
The article aims to present the results of research into changes in the international competitive position of the European Union Member States in the period 2004-2015 on the basis of analysing the development of particular types of intra-industry trade (IIT) of manufactured goods. The investigation was based on the IIT share measurement methodology (Grubel, Lloyd 1975) and calculations of types of intra-industry trade (Greenaway, Hine, Milner 1994, 1995). Multilateral IIT indices were computed at the 6-digit CN code level on the basis of data published by Eurostat. As part of a larger research project funded by the National Science Centre, this analysis contributes to the assessment of the degree of intra-industry specialisation of the EU Member States and the resulting changes in the international competitive position of the economies covered. (original abstract)
EN
Globalization is a process that strongly influences the functioning of modern economies. One of the spheres, which has been undergone significant transformation as a result of globalization, is international trade. Since the eighties of last century, there has been a dynamic growth, which is reflected in growing of the relation of exports to GDP. There was also a radical change in the commodity and geographical structure. The new trade flows are created primarily by industrial and processed goods. Therefore, the importance of intra-industry trade is increased, a new geographical structure is created. Moreover, importance of the countries of Southeast Asia, particularly China and India, and Brazil, Mexico and Russia, which joined the group leaders, is growing.
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