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The Significance Of Space In Iris Murdoch’sThe UnicornAs A Twentieth-Century Irish Gothic Novel

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Jarząb J.

Studia Anglica Posnaniensia

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2014

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vol. 49

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issue 4

5-20

EN

During the twentieth century almost all literary genres came back to prominence in different and alternative forms. The Gothic is no exception to this phenomenon as many a writer made an attempt at using this eighteenth-century genre once again, but adding to it some contemporary elements. Consequently, an abundance of new techniques have been introduced to Gothic fiction to evoke the feeling of horror and terror among the more and more demanding readers of modern times. Still, some writers prefer to return to the traditional concept of the Gothic – as does Iris Murdoch in her novel The Unicorn. The purpose of this article is to analyse the text from the perspective of the Irish Gothic. Those features of the genre which are traditional as well as local are going to be discussed in the context of space as the dominating aspect of the novel. The typical Irish landscape abounding in marshes, bogs and the sea will be contrasted with the inner space of the house, and its resemblance to the old Victorian mansions popular among the Anglo-Irish ascendancy of nineteenth-century Ireland. In what follows, the paper aims at showing how Murdoch’s skilful play with the spatial differentiation between the inside and the outside dislodges other more universal issues, such as the question of freedom, of social taboos and of the different anxieties still present in Irish society today.

2

Lekcja dyscypliny moralnej z Prymatu dobra przedstawiona na szarym tle

89%

Jaranowski M.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio I – Philosophia-Sociologia

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2017

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vol. 42

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issue 1

EN

This article is devoted to the philosophy of morality presented by a British writer Iris Murdoch in her three texts from the 1960s, which make up the book The Sovereignty of Good. The author of the article recalls Murdoch’s proposal by presenting it against a certain social background. In his view, an environment of low public confidence and the conflict of systems of value (referred to in the title as “a gray background”) particularly highlights the merits of Murdoch’s normative ethics. Individual moral improvement in a situation of a crisis of confidence and in an atmosphere of hostility requires a combination of moral and cognitive effort. An integral part of moral work serving to improve the relationships with those towards whom we are reluctant should consist in a personal cognitive effort. Murdoch’s postulate for “looking with attention” seems to be nearly a recipe for the amendment of interpersonal relations in such conditions.

PL

Artykuł jest poświęcony filozofii moralności przedstawionej przez brytyjską pisarkę Iris Murdoch w trzech tekstach z lat 60., składających się na książkę Prymat dobra. Autor niniejszego opracowania przypomina propozycję Murdoch, umieszczając ją na pewnym tle społecznym. Jego zdaniem środowisko niskiego zaufania społecznego oraz konfliktu systemów wartości (określone w tytule jako „szare tło”) w sposób szczególny uwidacznia zalety etyki normatywnej Murdoch. Indywidualne doskonalenie się moralne, w sytuacji kryzysu zaufania i w atmosferze wrogości, wymaga łączenia wysiłku moralnego i poznawczego. Integralną częścią pracy moralnej, służącej poprawie stosunków z osobami, wobec których jesteśmy niechętni, powinien być osobisty wysiłek poznawczy. Głoszony przez Murdoch postulat „spojrzenia z uwagą” wydaje się niemal receptą na poprawę stosunków interpersonalnych w tych warunkach.

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Moralność jako uwaga. Słownik etyczny Iris Murdoch

63%

Głąb A.

Logos i Ethos

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2013

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issue 2(35)

81–108

EN

The article approaches Iris Murdoch’s moral philosophy from the perspective of ethical cognitivism, according to which attention, rather than will, is the crucial moral category. At first the author presents a general outline of Murdoch’s ethics, focusing (1) on her interpretation of the relation between metaphysics and ethics and her concept of goodness and (2) her understanding of consciousness and imagination. This is followed (3) by Murdoch’s ethical dictionary in which the concepts of moral perception and (4) of attention (which Murdoch reconstructed from Simone Weil’s texts) play a most important role. Next, (5) the conception of morality as attention is set in the context of Murdoch’s neotheology and (6) her aesthetic views about art, which she conceives as a case of morals. Finally (7) the author presents three views on morality that can be derived from Murdoch’s novel The Bell.

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1 Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio I – Philosophia-Sociologia

1 Logos i Ethos

1 Studia Anglica Posnaniensia

1 2017

1 2014

1 2013

1 Głąb A.

1 Jaranowski M.

1 Jarząb J.

The Significance Of Space In Iris Murdoch’sThe UnicornAs A Twentieth-Century Irish Gothic Novel

Lekcja dyscypliny moralnej z Prymatu dobra przedstawiona na szarym tle

Moralność jako uwaga. Słownik etyczny Iris Murdoch