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1

BÁSNICKÉ POVIEDKY JANKA KRÁĽA

100%
Vojtech M.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
|
2023
|
vol. 70
|
issue 1
52 - 62
EN
The article deals with tales in verse authored by the Slovak Romantic poet Janko Kráľ (1822 – 1876). These have been presented traditionally in literary historiography as generic realisations of the Byronic type of tale in verse. The article takes a closer look at this generic categorisation and discusses the extent to which it is accurate. By means of comparative analysis, the article confronts the source of Byronic model of the genre with its Slovak realisations. It discusses similarities and differences between the texts authored by G. G. Byron and those written by Janko Kráľ on several levels – ideational-thematic, the construction of characters, relationship between epic and lyric components, fragmentariness of narration, length of the text, and spatial-temporal contexts. Comparison of the poems shows that J. Kráľ did not fully realise the typical generic form of Byronic Romanticism – the Byronic type of tale in verse –, but only partially adopted some of its typological features. J. Kráľ created a distinctive and in many ways specific type of tale in verse which differs from the Byronic model of the genre. Therefore, the traditional labelling of the Slovak Romantic poet’s tales in verse as “Byronic” does not appear to be overly adequate.
2

JANKO KRÁĽ V KOMEMORATÍVNEJ PRAXI 20. STOROČIA

100%
Hučková D.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
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2023
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vol. 70
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issue 5
536 – 553
EN
In the culture of remembrance concerning the authors of Slovak Romantic literature, the poet Janko Kráľ (1822 – 1876) holds a distinctive position. Even though his oeuvre was not published in book form during his life and his last resting place remains unknown, since the 1920, his name and literary heritage have been gradually gaining a stable position in the Slovak literature as an independent topos. Mechanisms of the creation of literary representations of Janko Kráľ in which the character of references also depended on the choice of the genre can be defined as a process in several stages: rescuing the poet from oblivion (Vladimír Roy – poem dedicated to the centenary of the poet’s death, 1922) interpretation (Štefan Krčméry – speech at the unveiling of the memorial plaque on the house in which J. Kráľ was born, 1924), updating (Laco Novomeský – review of the volume Ňeznáme básňe Janka Kráľa [Janko Kráľ’s unknown poems], 1938), ideological narratives (speeches at the transfer of the remains of the poet to the national cemetery in Martin, 1940) – inspiration (Milan Rúfus, interpretive essay, 1976). These examples of remembrance practice connected with J. Kráľ outline the processes of familiarisation and canonisation. The transformations are reactions to the period social contexts, but also reflect the dynamics of cultural memory.
3

JANKO KRÁĽ AKO POSTAVA DRAMATICKÉHO TEXTU. KAROL HORÁK: APOKALYPSA PODĽA JANKA (KRÁĽA) ALEBO DIVNÝ JANKO

88%
Káša P.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
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2023
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vol. 70
|
issue 1
79 – 85
EN
The article analyses the dramatic text by Karol Horák (b. 1943) Apokalypsa podľa Janka (Kráľa) alebo Divný Janko ([Apocalypse according to Janko (Kráľ), or Strange Janko], 1994). Its plot is based on the life of the key poet of Slovak Romanticism, Janko Kráľ (1822 – 1876). The play juxtaposes the traumatic experiences from the poet’s personal history (from his childhood to the old age) with the history of the young Slovak nation in wider social and political Central European relations and accentuates J. Kráľ’s individual existential drama. The analysis outlined in the article discusses the variable and dynamic relations between historical facts and dramatic fiction on which the construal of historical figures and events in the play was based. Horák’s text also introduces a change in the paradigm with respect to the conceptualisation of stabilised and stereotyped events and historical personalities. The innovation brought about by the postmodern handling of historical figures can be observed on the permanent questioning of historical documents in confrontation with the literary (or artistic) interpretation of events. The structure of the drama takes into consideration the prism of individual and national frustration and fate. The dramatic text is built on the intersections of the biological and metaphysical, real and fictitious, and verbalised (written) and sensed (mystic). Philosophical journeys into the labyrinths of individual and collective subconscious are equally an important layer of Horák’s work.
4

KRÁĽOV FRAGMENT PREDHOVOR K VOJNE. REČ Z KATAKOMB VERZUS POETIKA RUÍN

88%
Kobylińska A.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
|
2023
|
vol. 70
|
issue 1
63 – 78
EN
The fragment “Predhovor k Vojne [Foreword to the war]” is part of the literary estate of Janko Kráľ (1822 – 1876), best known under its first editorial title Dráma sveta [Drama of the world]. The fragment has no title in the manuscript and it was not published before 1938. However, with regards to its genre and poetics, , the text is a clear example of Slovak Romantic fragment – an emblematic genre of the Slovak Literary Romanticism. The article bases its interpretation on the culturological and philosophical take on the theory of the point (A. Kunce) and research of the fragment as a genre, especially on its position in the writings of the representative of early Romanticism, Novalis (1772 – 1801) and in German philosophical school in Jena in general. The article tackles “Foreword to the war” as an example of a text in which modern aesthetics (labelled as “the poetics of the ruins”) blends into the theological disposition of Slovak literary practice (figuratively termed as “speech from the catacombs”) which appears to be a modality of Slovak literature within the Romantic paradigm. The analysed fragment testifies to the hermetic and apocalyptic profile of the “Slovak fragment” and in this way addresses the issue of the literary genre of the apocalypse in Slovak Romantic literature.
5

„NAPAJEDENÝ ROJ SRŠŇOV“. NADREALISTI V MEDZIGENERAČNÝCH SPOROCH

75%
Šaková J.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
|
2016
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vol. 63
|
issue 3
199 – 206
EN
The paper deals with the intergenerational arguments between the authors of Surrealism (along with their generation critics) and the representatives of the older generation, Ján Poničan in particular. An attention is paid especially to the issue of anti-fascist attitudes of the Surrealists as regards the almanac “Áno a nie” and their relationship with Janko Kráľ as a source of inspiration. Particular extracts of the contemporary polemics were used to trace the ambivalent attitudes of the both sides involved in the intergenerational argument, which shows that the problem in question is not black and white and can be viewed in different ways. What is important is the explicit declaration of youth by the Surrealist poets, which can directly be linked to the emblematic motif of youth and desire in Surrealism as well as the opposition stance typical of all the Avantgarde movements.
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