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IT
La transnazionalità e la transculturalità sono tratti che caratterizzano le figure di James Joyce e Italo Svevo, come mostrano le loro opere, le loro biografie ma anche i legami culturali ed esistenziali che hanno intessuto insieme. Fortemente legati alla propria terra, alla quale dedicano la loro opera letteraria, si sentono esuli e stranieri: l’uno, Joyce, fuggirà dalla patria mantenendo un rapporto di amore-odio, l’altro, Svevo, rimane nella sua città natale sentendosi uno straniero ed un escluso. Tale senso di estraneità conduce i due scrittori a ripensare l’idea di appartenenza ad una civiltà ed il senso di identità nazionale, spingendoli verso un modo diverso di vivere la propria identità culturale.
EN
The subject of this article is an analysis of the novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916) by James Joyce from a perspective of artistic space. The presented work depicts the inner and outer space of the hero’s home and house, considering the effect of the most important events of his life. It attempts to portray the changes in the relationship between the protagonist and the components of his home and house: the building, the roots, the family, to make clear why in the end he remains homeless and alone.
EN
This article is an analysis of a legendary creative project of Sergei Eisenstein, who at the end of the 1920s was thinking about filming Capital: A Critique of Political Economy by Karl Marx. For years this idea was regarded as anecdotal empty bragging of the eminent director, but his journals from the years 1927–1928 include materials proving that the conceptual work on the film was at an advanced stage. The main idea behind the film fully developed the concept of the so-called intellectual cinema as an ideological discourse, with which Eisenstein had already experimented when making October: Ten Days That Shook the World. The author of the article sets young Eisenstein’s working notes on the film version of Capital in the context of his interest in Marxism and in the political and propaganda context of his cinema’s evolution in the 1920s, also explaining the reasons for the failure of the project, the theme and ideology of which were to some extent reflected in Eisenstein’s unfinished Hollywood projects. ­
EN
The article starts from an interpretation of the famous review of James Joyce’s Ulysses by Carl Gustav Jung called “Ulysses: A Monologue”. It focuses mainly on the comparison of the semiological assumptions of the two authors. Although both are aware of the principle of openness and fluidity of the text, it is evident, that their hypotheses, submitted to justify this view, do not have the same efficiency. The article can be also read as an attempt to articulate the so called „serial method“, i. e. the Deleuzian critique of the concept of representation from the Logic of Sense. From this point of view, the article could be considered a contribution to the poststructuralist discussion of the concept of sense.
EN
The article discusses, both polemically and critically, a few instances in which Maciej Świerkocki, in his new translation of James Joyce’s Ulysses, renders the novel’s puns into Polish. In order to indicate other possible translations in this regard, the author of the article quotes from previous Polish version by Maciej Słomczyński and the Czech translation by Aloys Skoumal.
PL
Artykuł stanowi polemiczne i krytyczne omówienie kilku przykładowych tłumaczeń gier słownych w powieści Jamesa Joyce’a Ulisses w nowym przekładzie Macieja Świerkockiego. Aby pokazać inne możliwości translatoryczne, autor artykułu przytacza także tłumaczenia Macieja Słomczyńskiego i Aloysa Skoumala.
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EN
This article focuses on the idea of theory of literature as non-dogmatic and anti-essentialist form of reflection on literature. On the one hand, Jean-Michele Rabat´e, Jacques Lacan, Jacques Derrida and Martin Heidegger, referred to in sequence, are shown as thinkers breaking the clear division into literary text and, external thereto, theoretical text. On the other hand, the conclusion of the article, using examples of a few James Joyce’s texts, emphasizes the metaliterary element, which meets the proposals discussed in reference to the aforementioned figures.
EN
This article offers an analysis of the real space of Dublin and the narration space of the city depicted in James Joyce’s novels. The groundwork of the reflections is Mikhail Bakhtin and Jean-Paul Ferrier’s concepts, where literary research and geographical research play complementary roles in the process of discovering and understanding the city space.
EN
This article sets out to explore the dynamics through which Joyce’s version of the legend of the “devil’s bridge”, narrated in a letter addressed to his grandson, Stevie, entered the world of children’s literature in Italy. This occurred just after the legend’s publication in the USA and the UK under the title The Cat and the Devil. It was immediately turned into a picturebook, a sophisticated literary product aimed at very young readers. In fact, far from being a mere text for toddlers, the Italian Il gatto e il diavolo is at the centre of several intersemiotic and interlinguistic translations that enhance the interpretative potential and richness of Joyce’s narration, already at the crossroads between folkloric and modernist translation. The comparative analysis of three different Italian translations of the story expressly addressed to children (the first by Enzo Siciliano, published by Emme Edizioni in 1967; the second by Giulio Lughi for Edizioni EL in 1980; and the third and more recent one by Ottavio Fatica for ESG in 2010) has highlighted that the differences between them can be ascribed to distinct translation projects, aimed at building bridges between young readers and Joyce’s work in various periods of the history of the Italian literary market for children.
IT
L’articolo intende esplorare le dinamiche attraverso cui la leggenda del “ponte del diavolo”, così come raccontata da James Joyce in una lettera al nipotino Stevie, è entrata nel mondo della letteratura per l’infanzia italiana, subito dopo la sua pubblicazione negli Stati Uniti e in Gran Bretagna con il titolo The Cat and the Devil. Anche in Italia è stata subito trasformata in un prodotto letterario specifico e sofisticato, il picturebook o albo illustrato, indirizzato ai bambini in età prescolare. Lontano dall’essere, però, un semplice testo per “piccoli”, Il gatto e il diavolo si ritrova al centro di molteplici traduzioni interlinguistiche e intersemiotiche che aumentano il potenziale interpretativo e la ricchezza della narrazione di Joyce, già al crocevia della traduzione folklorica e di quella modernista. In particolare, l’analisi comparativa di tre diverse traduzioni della storia specificatamente rivolte ai bambini (la prima di Enzo Siciliano per la Emme Edizioni nel 1967, la seconda di Giulio Lughi per Edizioni EL nel 1980, e la terza di Ottavio Fatica per ESG nel 2010) ha evidenziato che le differenze tra queste edizioni possono essere ascritte a tre diversi progetti traduttivi che in maniera diversa cercano di costruire un ponte tra i diversi lettori bambini e l’opera dello scrittore irlandese in diversi momenti della storia del mercato editoriale per ragazzi in Italia.
EN
This article examines Hélène Cixous’s biographical monograph The Exile of James Joyce as a limit case of biographical praxis. Joyce’s biography is read in the context of Cixous’s own evolving personal motif of exile, revealing her autobiographical investment in becoming a writer through reading Joyce. She pushes the boundaries of the biographical genre at the intersections of autobiography, literary criticism, and biography, defying simple generic classifications and exposing the limits of conventional demarcations between the artist, the work, the biographer, and the critic. As a result, the text becomes a creative-interpretive hybrid project, where the biographical code has been displaced by focus on epistemological, psychological, and textual problems implicit in the rela­tionship between the biographer and the biographical subject. Her approach invites us to consider the following questions: How does she rewrite Joyce through her own multiple experiences of exile that she also shares with Jacques Derrida? What difference does gender make in the construction of the biographical subject as the great modernist “genius”? How does gender marginalization impact her authority as a biographer? The discussion is also framed through some larger questions concerning the aesthetic, epistemological, ethical, and political role of biography in approaching modernist literature and culture: Is biography an art or a craft? What kind of knowledge does biography generate? How far is biography a form of discursive violence and voyeurism? How can attention to affect and intimacy offer new insights into the aesthetics of the biographical genre?
EN
The author of the text sketches the major findings made in the field of memory research in the late nineteenth century, called by some “a golden age of memory,” and shows how these discoveries paved three different pathways for the exploration of memory by fiction writers in the twentieth century. She focuses, in particular, on the legacy of the three leading French and American psychologists: Henri Bergson, who placed memory processes and their duration in the metaphysical domain, Pierre Janet, who examined the functioning of automatic memory at the famous Salpêtrière clinic and actually founded the school of Dynamic Psychiatry, and William James, who in fact invented the notion of “the stream of consciousness,” adopted later by such eminent writers as James Joyce, William Faulkner and Virginia Woolf.
EN
The Polish version of the article was published in Roczniki Humanistyczne vol. 61, issue 2 (2014). The article is concerned with the function of the experience of exile that is a model for literary epiphanies. The starting point is showing the significance of this experience in James Joyce’s presentation of the epiphany that is formative for modern literature. Examples from Czesław Miłosz’s and Zbigniew Herbert’s works are material for interpreting two important reinterpretations of the epiphany based on the experience of exile.
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EN
Originating from the concept of literature being total and timeless, the essay rereads Zbigniew Morsztyn’s Myśl ludzka [Human Thought] and a short passage from James Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. The cosmographies identified in both texts prove to be not just allegorical maps of the human thought − a baroque and modernist one referred to as geocentric and egocentric one respectively but also reversed copies of each other. Joyce andMorsztyn independently discovered this ‘everything’ − a virtual content of the human thought, just as Augustine of Hippo had before them and described it in the tenth book of his Confessions. Both Morsztyn and Joyce figuratively described this microscopic substance of thought as infinite in Pascal’s terms yet, strangely enough, their descriptions are somewhat symmetrically reversed.
PL
Esej wyrasta z namysłu nad totalnością literatury − i jej bezczasowością. Stanowi próbę odczytania na nowo Myśli ludzkiej Zbigniewa Morsztyna i zarazem krótkiego ustępu Portretu artysty z czasów młodości Jamesa Joyce’a. Znalezione w obu tekstach kosmografie okazują się nie tylko alegorycznymi mapami ludzkiej duszy − odpowiednio barokowej (geocentrycznej) i modernistycznej (egocentrycznej) − ale też negatywowymi kopiami samych siebie. Joyce i Morsztyn, tak jak św. Augustyn w dziesiątej księdze Wyznań, znaleźli w swoich duszach „wszystko”. Obaj, w sposób figuratywny, opisali mikroskopijną zawartość myślenia jako nieskończoną w Pascalowskim sensie tego pojęcia − jakkolwiek ich opisy, o dziwo, są względem siebie jakby symetrycznie odwrócone.
EN
Artykuł dotyczy modelującej dla literackich epifanii funkcji doświadczenia wygnania. Punktem wyjścia jest ukazanie znaczenia tego doświadczenia w formacyjnym dla literatury modernistycznej ujęciu epifanii przez Jamesa Joyce’a. Przykłady z twórczości Czesława Miłosza Zbigniewa Herberta są wglądami w dwie ważne reinterpretacje epifanii ugruntowane w doświadczeniu wygnania.
PL
The article is concerned with the function of the experience of exile that is a modeling one for literary epiphanies. The starting point is showing the significance of this experience in James Joyce’s presentation of epiphany that is a formative one for Moderrn literature. Examples from Czesław Miłosz’s and Zbigniew Herbert’s works are material for interpreting two important reinterpretations of epiphany grounded in the experience of exile.
EN
This essay measures the extent to which gift-giving fails in an economy of reciprocity. Reading James Joyce’s story “A Mother” in terms of Derrida’s notion of the gift as “absolute loss,” I consider the implications of an economy of loss for Joyce’s notion of sacrifice. Thus, I argue that the absence of an economy of sacrifice integrating “absolute loss” engenders the zero-sum game at the heart of Dubliners. I depart from other readings of the short story in the context of an economy based on the ideal of balanced reciprocity, since these versions deny the pure gratuity of gift in its connotations of sacrifice and loss. While such theories form a good starting point for analyzing the “moral economy” of Dubliners, they tend to overlook the fact that the only means to counteract the paralysis resulting from reciprocity is through the suspension of the economy of exchange.
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