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EN
Jan Chryzostom Pasek’s seventeenth-century Pamiętniki [Diaries] has to be regarded an important manuscript for Polish Romanticism. The significance of this text can only be rivalled by Macpherson’s songs of Ossian, the Dvůr Králové Manuscript, or the Poetic Edda, which is attested by a considerable number of editions of this Old-Polish ‘epic work’. The first printing of a substantial part of the text appeared in 1821 in Warsaw in the Astrea magazine. This publication contributed to the complex phenomenon of the Romantic turning point. Pasek’s Pamiętniki should be counted as the third beginning of Polish Romanticism, after Adam Mickiewicz’s Ballady i romanse (first volume of Mickiewicz’s Poezyje) and Antoni Malczewski’s Maria.
PL
Jan Chryzostom Pasek’s seventeenth-century Pamiętniki [Diaries] has to be regarded an important manuscript for Polish Romanticism. The significance of this text can only be rivalled by Macpherson’s songs of Ossian, the Dvůr Králové Manuscript, or the Poetic Edda, which is attested by a considerable number of editions of this Old-Polish ‘epic work’. The first printing of a substantial part of the text appeared in 1821 in Warsaw in the Astrea magazine. This publication contributed to the complex phenomenon of the Romantic turning point. Pasek’s Pamiętniki should be counted as the third beginning of Polish Romanticism, after Adam Mickiewicz’s Ballady i romanse (first volume of Mickiewicz’s Poezyje) and Antoni Malczewski’s Maria.
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EN
The theme of the article concentrates on those excerpts of «Memoirs» written by Jan Chrysostom Pasek (1636-1701), where he reminisces about his adventures in the years 1660-1662. Pasek served as a soldier in hetman Czarniecki’s division and fought against the Russian army in 1660. He took part in the Battle of Polonka (Połonka) against hetman Ivan Chowański’s regiment (28.06.1660), Battle of the Basya (Basia) River (08.10.1660) against Juri Dołogoruk’s units and in other more or less important battles. In 1662 Pasek with a small unit of Polish army, escorted Russian embassy from Viazma to Warsaw. Speaking about the battles, Pasek likes to brag about his personal courage and spoils. However - the author of this article presumes - the story shows a specific character of war, where opponents do not feel hatred for to one another. The narrator of «Memoirs» fights under the law of war, but he likes the nobility, richness and braveness of the Russian army. Moreover, Pasek is not looking for any particular ideological, religious or messianic causes of the Polish-Russian war. Although he is an orthodox Catholic - Pasek does not show intolerance towards Othodox Church and does not perceive significant differences between Orthodoxy and Catholicism (but notes fundamental differences between Catholicism and Protestantism). In peacetime, when Pasek accompanies the Russian embassy, he does not take an advantage over Russians. He certainly notices fundamental social differencies and shows them as noteworthy, but at the same time he experiences the feeling of a certain brotherhood with Muscovites due to the fact that they are both Christians and represent nobility. If Pasek is considered to be the most usual example of the Polish gentry, from his memoirs it can be concluded that in the second half of XVII century there was no particular hostility towards Russians, Russian Orthodoxy and Russian power.
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2019
|
vol. 27
|
issue 4
153-168
PL
W pracy omawiane jest zagadnienie wolności wypowiedzi jako tematu w literaturze staropolskiej. Autor rozważa zagadnienie, czy wolność wypowiedzi to jedna z dostrzegalnych przez pisarzy sta­ropolskich wolności obywatelskich, charakterystycznych dla świa­domości politycznej szlachty. Omawiając kilka przypadków (Fran­ciszek Karpiński, Wespazjan Kochowski, Jan Chryzostom Pasek czy Stanisław Orzechowski), autor wskazuje na niezbywalną zależność świadomości wolności wypowiedzi i szlacheckiego od­czucia moralnego.
EN
The paper discusses the question of freedom of speech as an impor­tant topic in old Polish literature. The author considers the problem of whether freedom of speech was one of civil liberties recognized by old Polish writers as characteristic for the political consciousness of the nobility in the early modern era. Discussing several cases (Fran­ciszek Karpiński, Wespazjan Kochowski, Jan Chryzostom Pasek, and Stanisław Orzechowski), the author indicates the inalienable relation­ship between the awareness of freedom of speech and the old nobility’s moral sentiments.
PL
Artykuł stanowi skrótową prezentację sylwetek wybranych poetów, prozaików, regionalistów związanych biograficznie i twórczo z Polską wschodnią, Podlasiem. W pracy wspomina się o takich literatach jak Jan Chryzostom Pasek, Adam Naruszewicz, Józef Ignacy Kraszewski, Henryk Sienkiewicz i Aleksander Głowacki (Bolesław Prus). Tekst ma charakter faktograficzny i jest fragmentem szczegółowych badań prowadzonych od wielu lat nad językiem, literaturą i kulturą Polski Wschodniej.
EN
The article presents selected poets, prose writers, regional creators of biographies related with Eastern Poland, Podlasie. The work mentions such writers as Jan Chrysostom Pasek, Adam Naruszevicz, Jozef Ignacy Kraszewski, Henryk Sienkiewicz and Aleksander Głowacki (Bolesław Prus). The text is factual and is a fragment of research on many years of language, literature and culture of Poland.
RU
Статья представляет собой краткое изложение профилей избранных поэтов, прозаиков, краеведов, биографически и творчески связанных с Восточной Польшей, Подляским воеводством. В работе упоминаются м.п. Ян Хризостом Пасек, Адам Нарушевич, Юзеф Игнацы Крашевски, Хенрик Сенкевич и Александер Гловацки (Болеслав Прус). Текст имеет характер фактографический и представляет собой фрагмент подробных исследований, проводимых в течение многих лет по языку, литературе и культуре Восточной Польши.
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