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Implikacje porozumienia nuklearnego z Iranem dla polityki Stanów Zjednoczonych na Szerokim Bliskim Wschodzie

100%

Matera P.

Przegląd Zachodni

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2016

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issue 4(361)

83-98

EN

The aim of the article is to demonstrate the effects of the signing on July 14, 2015 of the agreement on the restraint of the Iranian nuclear program – Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action – JCPOA). Supporters of the plan underline its real impact on preventing Teheran’s entry into possession of nuclear weapons and the possibility of easing the Iranian-American relations. Opponents do not agree with these assertions, pointing to the fact that Iran would be able to obtain financial resources (after the abolition of economic sanctions) for the development of the nuclear program in the future and for expansion of its influence in the region. The conclusion of the agreement has resulted in anxiety of the American allies in the Broader Middle East (Israel and the countries who are members of the Gulf Cooperation Council). This prompted the United States to change its policy towards this region and began a debate on the adoption of a coherent strategy in the future.

2

EU-Iran Relations in the Post-JCPOA Period: Selected Political Aspects

88%

Osiewicz P.

Przegląd Politologiczny

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2018

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issue 2

153-164

EN

After the 1979 revolution, Europe’s policy of engaging Iran differed from the American approach. The circumstances changed in 2002, when the international community learnt about the undeclared nuclear sites at Arak and Natanz, as well as the scale of the Iranian nuclear program. The situation became even more complex when Mahmoud Ahmadinejad came to power in 2005. From that moment on, the European Union has changed its attitude toward Iran. Moreover, after Mahmoud Ahmadinejad had been re-elected under controversial circumstances in 2009, the EU intensified sanctions against Iran, even in such cases when they were divergent from member states’ interests. Bilateral affairs began to normalize after the presidential victory of Hassan Rouhani in 2013. Two years later, the EU and other powers from the P5+1 group signed the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action with Iran. Has the signing of the JCPOA had any impact on Iran-EU political relations as far as non-nuclear related issues are concerned? In order to answer this question, one has to analyze their political relations prior to and after the signing of the deal. Selected political aspects are taken into consideration, including proliferation related issues, attitudes toward changes in the Arab world, regional conflicts, especially in Syria and Yemen, combating the so-called Islamic State, humanitarian aid to undocumented Afghan refugees, as well as civil liberties and human rights violations in Iran.

3

Wspólny kompleksowy plan działania z 2015 r. w sprawie irańskiego programu nuklearnego – perspektywa Izraela

51%

Zych J.

Rocznik Bezpieczeństwa Międzynarodowego

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2017

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vol. 11

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issue 1

131-147

EN

An agreement reached in 2015 between Iran and five permanent members of the UN Security Council, Germany and the European Union, officially titled the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), was an event of historical significance. Under the agreement, the Iranian nuclear programme was considerably limited and put under the International Atomic Energy Agency’s safeguards. In return, the Western countries made a commitment to lift most of economic sanctions against Iran. The agreement caused much controversy all over the world –and sparked a fierce response especially from Saudi Arabia (supported by most of the Gulf states except Qatar) and Israel. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the reasons of such Israeli attitude towards Iranian nuclear ambitions, Israel’s response to the JCPOA as well as its diplomatic activities conducted in order to torpedo the deal. The author also attempts to evaluate possibilities of a potential Israeli pre-emptive strike against Iranian nuclear facilities and its actual validity.

PL

Porozumienie zawarte w 2015 r. pod nazwą Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) pomiędzy Iranem a pięcioma stałymi członkami Rady Bezpieczeństwa ONZ, Niemcami oraz Unią Europejską stanowiło wydarzenie o historycznym znaczeniu. Na jego podstawie irański program nuklearny poddano kontroli Międzynarodowej Agencji Energii Atomowej i nałożono na niego znaczne ograniczenia, w zamian za zniesienie przez państwa zachodnie sankcji gospodarczych. Porozumienie wywołało kontrowersje na całym świecie – ze szczególnie ostrą reakcją spotkało się ze strony Arabii Saudyjskiej (wspieranej przez inne państwa Zatoki Perskiej z wyjątkiem Kataru) oraz Izraela. Celem artykułu jest analiza przyczyn takiego podejścia Izraela do irańskich ambicji nuklearnych, stosunek tego państwa do JCPOA oraz działania dyplomatyczne Izraelczyków, nakierowane na storpedowanie porozumienia. Ocenie poddano także możliwości ewentualnego wyprzedzającego ataku Izraela na irańskie ośrodki nuklearne oraz zasadność takiego działania.

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Implikacje porozumienia nuklearnego z Iranem dla polityki Stanów Zjednoczonych na Szerokim Bliskim Wschodzie

EU-Iran Relations in the Post-JCPOA Period: Selected Political Aspects

Wspólny kompleksowy plan działania z 2015 r. w sprawie irańskiego programu nuklearnego – perspektywa Izraela