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EN
The article is an interpretative reading of a poem by Julian Przyboś entitled Z Tatr [From the Tatra Mountains]. What constitutes a starting point here are factual documents reporting the fatal accident which involved the sisters Marzena and Lida Skotnica dying on October 6, 1929 during their attempt to climb the south face of ZamarłaTurnia (in Polish part of the Tatra Mountains). The former of the two sisters was beloved by Przyboś, which to a significant extent explains why the poem in question may be interpreted as a dramatic “lyrical situation”.
EN
Czesław Miłosz's diagnosis of Julian Przyboś's emotions, verbalized with the words “No madness has devoured his heart”, can be questioned: it can be negated with two biographical facts: Marzena Skotnicówna and Uta Przyboś (and two daughters from the first marriage). While the poem Z Tatr [From the Tatra Mountains] was a victory of the theory of equivalence, Poems for Uta and Poems and Pictures became its defeat. Only the love of a child caused that, in Przyboś's youth, the programmatic "shame of feelings" in old age was rejected by Słowiarz, who, in the poem The Child and the Peacock, called himself “a grey madcap”.
PL
Czesława Miłosza diagnozę emocji Juliana Przybosia, zwerbalizowaną słowami „Żadne szaleństwo serca mu nie zżarło”, można zakwestionować: przekreślają ją dwa fakty biograficzne: Marzena Skotnicówna oraz Uta Przyboś (oraz dwie córki z pierwszego małżeństwa). O ile wiersz Z Tatr był zwycięstwem teorii ekwiwalentyzowania, to Wiersze dla Uty oraz Wiersze i obrazki stały się jej przegraną. Tylko miłość dziecka sprawiła, że w latach młodości Przybosia programowy „wstyd uczuć” na starość został odrzucony przez Słowiarza, który zanim o sobie powiedział „Krzywousty”, w wierszu Dziecko i paw nazwał siebie „siwą świszczypałą”.
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EN
This article reviews the various ways in which Julian Przyboś dealt with genre conventions in his poetry. He used old forms of prose poetry, reworked the convention of hymn, ode and sonnet, wrote lullabies and rhymes, and, as one of the first poetry writers, brought the non-literary genres into poetry (letter, menu, postcard, note). Przyboś is also a prolific author of articles published in periodicals, prefaces and afterwords in books by other authors, or texts included in joint publications, many of which were forgotten or scattered. Through recalling these mostly concise publications a fuller reconstruction of Przyboś’s attitude to genre conventions is enabled and helps to track the generic evolution of the avant-garde poet. Also, a new perspective is provided by reviewing the poet’s home archive, which has been kept by his wife thus far. The poet paid attention to form consciously constructed structure to his compositions, with precision and scrupulousness, forming complex, though apparently simple constructions. The hesitation accompanying the classification of some of the notes only confirms the innovative character of his poetry, putting forward new forms, which undertake the game with tradition and exploit the richness of modern Polish.
PL
Recenzja omawia książkę Małgorzaty Rygielskiej, która analizuje ślady recepcji Cypriana Norwida w twórczości Juliana Przybosia. Konfrontacja różnych perspektyw interpretacyjnych oraz rekonstrukcja poglądów krytycznoliterackich sprawiają, że monografia Rygielskiej ma istotne znaczenie w badaniach nad spuścizną Przybosia i wnosi sporo ciekawych rozpoznań interpretacyjnych dotyczących twórczości Norwida.
EN
The review discusses Małgorzata Rygielska’s book which analyses the traces of Cyprian Norwid’s reception in Julian Przyboś’s literary creativity. Confrontation of various interpretative stances and reconstruction of critical literary views make the book’s vital significance for Przyboś’s output and bring many interesting interpretative recognitions of Norwid’s writing.
PL
Andrzej Leder’s monograph Prześniona rewolucja. Ćwiczenia z logiki historycznej [Sleepwalking the Revolution. An Exercise in Historical Logic] allows us to look at Julian Przyboś in a new perspective, which at least in part removes the communist label from the co-author of the anthology of revolutionary poetry Wzięli diabli pana [The devils have taken the lord] (1955) and thus forces us perhaps even to abandon the “white and red” perception of the 20th-century life stories of Poles. Aware of the historical significance, the poet would not say about the post-war social revolution, “It just happened”.
PL
W artykule autor podkreśla, że w dziele poetyckim Juliana Przybosia paryska katedra Notre Dame 4-krotnie stawała się pionową osią świata. To wyjątkowy punkt, ponieważ przecinają się w nim pozioma płaszczyzna ziemska i pionowa oś wszechświata – tak jak we śnie Jakuba. Następstwo przejścia przez drzwi świątyni wyrażają słowa: „Lecz zdjęło mnie z iglicy jak z haka Wnętrze – przerażenie”. Ono zaś jest fundamentalnym elementem numinosum. Znamiennym zwieńczeniem trwających cztery dekady zmagań Przybosia z najsłynniejszą gotycką katedrą Paryża wydaje się jego przynajmniej po części religijne bądź jedynie parareligijne wyznanie: „Samolotem pielgrzymowałem do Notre-Dame de Paris jak do Lourdes Piękna, co nigdy mnie nie zawiodło [...]”.
EN
The author of the paper underscores that in Julian Przyboś’s piece Notre-Dame of Paris four times becomes the world’s vertical axis. It proves to be an exceptional crosspoint of the earth’s horizontal axis and the universe’s vertical axis, as in Jacob’s dream. The consequence of entering the temple through its door is expressed in the words: “The Interior pried me from the spire’s hook―in terror.” And the terror is a fundamental item of numinosum. A startling effect of the poet’s three-decade struggle with the most famous gothic cathedral of Paris seems to be his at least partially religious or only para-religious confession: “I made a plane pilgrimage to Notre-Dame de Paris as to The Beauty of Lourdes that never failed me [...].”
EN
The study is a “multiple hybrid” combining the features of a review of Małgorzata Rygielska’s monograph Przyboś czyta Norwida [Przyboś reads Norwid] and a polemic with the theses contained in the volume. It is also a form of a notebook for an exhaustive and still not finished – albeit quite possible in its utmost form-parallel Przyboś – Norwid. Rygielska’s volume, although it has not proven a complete discussion of the present report, surely is the most detailed one as for today (against the background of the texts, among others by Barbara Łazińska and Przemysław Dakowicz). The context of the author’s reconnaissance is – it has to be admitted – specific. It is formed, on the one hand, by the theory of reading, and on the other, by the area of theory of interpretation. A lack of discussion of Norwid’s Test as a whole (for generally unknown reasons the author passes over Part V and Part VI of Przyboś’s essay, both of them symptomatic, sketching a peculiar, the author’s own psycho-biography of Norwid). Also missing a chance to reinterpret the whole volume More about the Manifesto as “coming to terms with Norwid’s influences” that does not have its counterpart in Polish literature seems to be a drawback.
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EN
The study is a “multiple hybrid” combining the features of a review of Małgorzata Rygielska’s monograph Przyboś czyta Norwida [Przyboś reads Norwid] and a polemic with the theses contained in the volume. It is also a form of a notebook for an exhaustive and still not finished – albeit quite possible in its utmost form-parallel Przyboś – Norwid. Rygielska’s volume, although it has not proven a complete discussion of the present report, surely is the most detailed one as for today (against the background of the texts, among others by Barbara Łazińska and Przemysław Dakowicz). The context of the author’s reconnaissance is – it has to be admitted – specific. It is formed, on the one hand, by the theory of reading, and on the other, by the area of theory of interpretation. A lack of discussion of Norwid’s Test as a whole (for generally unknown reasons the author passes over Part V and Part VI of Przyboś’s essay, both of them symptomatic, sketching a peculiar, the author’s own psycho-biography of Norwid). Also missing a chance to reinterpret the whole volume More about the Manifesto as “coming to terms with Norwid’s influences” that does not have its counterpart in Polish literature seems to be a drawback.
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Powidok intertekstualny

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EN
A particular model of intertextuality can be observed in Julian Przyboś’s poetry; it occurs in poems bearing witness simultaenously to the reception of a literary work and the perception of a fragment of reality dealt with in that work. Przyboś feels that the viewer’s individual history of visual experiences and overall consciousness has a decisive influence on the way he or she assimilates and registers subsequent experiences. This conviction is directly linked to Strzemiński’s theory of seeing; in his view, the reception of visual stimuli is crucially dependent on the impulses directly preceding it, so that the way we perceive what we are looking at now is determined by the image of what have looked at earlier. A particular kind of dependence between Przyboś’s poetry and the poems of Słowacki can be called an intertextual after-image. This term can have further applications in dealing with intertextual dependence in other texts.
PL
W poezji Juliana Przybosia można zaobserwować szczególny model intertekstualności, który pojawia się w lirykach poświadczających równocześnie recepcję wybranego dzieła literackiego i percepcję fragmentu rzeczywistości, którego dane dzieło dotyczyło. Przyboś uważa, że rodzaj wizualnych doświadczeń i ogólna świadomość patrzącego ma decydujący wpływ na sposób przyjmowania i zapisywania kolejnych doznań. Takie przeświadczenie łączy się bezpośrednio z teorią widzenia Strzemińskiego, w myśl której odbiór bodźców wzrokowych zależy w sposób istotny od impulsów bezpośrednio je poprzedzających, więc sposób postrzegania tego, na co patrzymy „teraz”, zdeterminowany jest obrazem tego, na co patrzyliśmy „wcześniej”. Szczególny rodzaj zależności pomiędzy poezją Przybosia a lirykami Słowackiego nazwać można powidokiem intertekstualnym. Termin ten może znaleźć zastosowanie także wobec zależności intertekstualnych w innych tekstach.
Tematy i Konteksty
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2020
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vol. 15
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issue 10
282-297
EN
The text refers to the International Conference on Przyboś organised on April 8–9, 1992, at University of Illinois at Chicago, but the main character of the article is Tymoteusz Karpowicz, spiritus movens of that undertaking, the poet, dramatist and professor at UIC. The authoress of the text describes his attempts to popularise the Polish avant-garde tradition among American Polonia. She also tries to investigate the relationship between Karpowicz’s scientific and popular science activity and his aesthetic preferences, proposed poetry model or attitude to other poets (such as Cyprian Kamil Norwid, Bolesław Leśmian, Julian Przyboś or Czesław Miłosz). The article is a reflection on Karpowicz’s aesthetic and ethical requirements to art: his passion for unimitative literature models and the conviction that poetry is broader than words, that creativity and life are inseparable.
PL
Tekst nawiązuje do Międzynarodowej Konferencji Przybosia zorganizowanej w dniach 8–9 kwietnia 1992 r. na University of Illinois w Chicago, ale głównym bohaterem artykułu jest Tymoteusz Karpowicz, spiritus movens tego przedsięwzięcia, poeta, dramaturg i profesor UIC . Autorka tekstu opisuje próby popularyzacji polskiej tradycji awangardowej wśród amerykańskiej Polonii. Próbuje także zbadać związek między działalnością naukową i popularno-naukową Karpowicza a jego preferencjami estetycznymi, proponowanym modelem poezji czy stosunkiem do innych poetów (m.in. Cypriana Kamila Norwida, Bolesława Leśmiana, Juliana Przybosia czy Czesława Miłosza). Artykuł jest refleksją na temat estetycznych i etycznych wymagań Karpowicza wobec sztuki: jego zamiłowania do jednorodnych wzorców literackich oraz przekonania, że poezja jest szersza niż słowa, że twórczość i życie są nierozłączne.
Tematy i Konteksty
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2019
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vol. 14
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issue 9
663-681
EN
The paper consists of two parts. The first one is dedicated to Przyboś as a son of Podgórze and to his relations with gothic cathedrals. The second one is dedicated the connection between the Atlantic and the Holocaust, and it is con-stituted around the idea of double vastness: the enormity of ocean waters and the martyrdom of the Jews; the poetic importance, however, lying not only in the very comparison, but in the possibility of proving its legitimacy.
EN
This article presents a short biography of Marian Jachimowicz (1906–1999) and his archive. Marian Jachimowicz was trained in preparing zoological specimens. He was also a poet, a translator and a painter. He was a man of distinction and a talented writer. This article details the life of Jachimowicz, his childhood and professional life. It also discusses his important archive, which was divided between two institutions: Ossolineum in Wrocław and the „Biblioteka pod Atlantami” (Library under the Atlantids) in Wałbrzych. Jachimowicz was an expert in Polish and Hungarian literature. He lived in Budapest, Borysław and in Wałbrzych in Lower Silesia. His manuscript collection includes photographs, documents and letters, which are stored in the Ossolineum archive and the Wałbrzych Library permanent exhibition. He was honoured with several awards for his cultural achievements. The author describes important photographs of Marian Jachimowicz at the end of this article. He also draws attention to Jachimowicz’s friends: Bruno Schulz and Julian Przyboś.
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