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1

PROFESSOR BACZKO READS KANT (Profesor Baczko czyta Kanta)

100%
Panasiuk R.
Przegląd Filozoficzno-Literacki
|
2009
|
vol. 8
|
issue 4(25)
189-201
EN
The paper 'Professor Baczko Reads Kant' is devoted to remembrance of academic work of Professor Bronislaw Baczko who focused on the problems of classical German philosophy. The remembrance focuses on reading of writings by Immanuel Kant, which was the subject of studies and discussions during seminars in the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology of the Polish Academy of Sciences in the 1960s. These meetings gathered known personalities in Polish philosophy, engaged them in a discussion, influenced their beliefs and attitudes. The paper devoted to Professor Baczko stresses his role in stimulating intellectual life based on studies on main issues of epochal and critical significance that stemmed from the German critical philosophy. Majority of discussion threads revolves around decisive issues such as the consciousness of human finiteness. The problem of relation of the human being to the Absolute, of finiteness and transitoriness to permanence and eternity comes to the fore.
2
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AESTHETIC IDEA AS AN ESSENCE OF AESTHETIC

80%
Kirwan J.
ESPES
|
2018
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vol. 7
|
issue 1
24 – 29
EN
This paper suggests that Kant’s concept of the ‘aesthetic idea’ is a useful starting point for understanding the nature of aesthetic experience once we reject the formalist interpretation that Kant gives to the relationship between those ideas and that experience.
3
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KANT AS A PHILOSOPPHER OF MIND (Kant jako filozof umyslu)

80%
Bremer J.
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
|
2009
|
vol. 34
|
issue 3-4
351-371
EN
The author analyses the idea of mind, presented in two opening chapters of Kant's Critique. The focus is put on imagination, the third (with senses and reason) function of mind. The author presents, how functions of mind are forms of what Kant calls synthesis.
4

POPULARITA KANTOVSKEJ FILOZOFIE NA PRELOME 18. A 19. STOROČIA

80%
Kollárová I.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2020
|
vol. 68
|
issue 2
313 – 334
EN
The study uses a wide range of sources to uncover the spread of the ideas of Immanuel Kant outside philosophical circles in the Slovak part of the Kingdom of Hungary. The flow of philosophical ideas is shown not only by the works of Kantians in Hungary, but also by censorship records of the importing of Kantian texts in the 1790s. Critical debate in correspondence and in published texts uncovers anti-Kantian arguments. Information about the propagation and multiplication of Kant’s works give an idea of their popularity. Research into memoirs sheds light on how philosophical messages circulated in private communication networks, reaching beyond the philosophical and educational sphere, in spite of bans and repression.
5

KANT'S REJECTION OF THE RIGHT OF REVOLUTION

80%
Azeri S.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2009
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vol. 64
|
issue 6
592-603
EN
Kant's denial of right of revolution has bewildered many Kant's scholars. Kant sympathizes with French, American, and Irish revolutionaries. But in his 'Metaphysics of Morals' he rejects the right of revolution. Apparently, his stance represents a tension or a contradiction. Kant believes that a legitimate government should be based on the consent of the citizens. Thus, logically he is expected to affirm the right of citizens to disobedience. However, he also holds the view that citizens' moral obligation to obey the law is absolute. The author believes that Kant's rejection of the right of revolution does not represent a contradiction. Rather, it is the necessary consequence of Kant's metaphysics of subject and the notion of transcendental subjectivity.
6

KANT A HEGEL O OSVIETENSTVE

80%
Belás Ľ.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2009
|
vol. 64
|
issue 6
584-591
EN
The paper focuses on the Enlightenment as an important object of the German tradition of philosophical-cultural researches and debates. It starts with an analysis of Kant's model of 'Aufklärung', underlining its social dimension. In Hegel's conception of the Enlightenment, the problem is approached critically and included in the process of the phenomenological-philosophical-historical development of mind. Hegel, unlike Kant, is historicizing, and thus narrowing the term of the enlightenment itself. In conclusion the author asks the question: Is it reasonable to see the real nature of the Enlightenment only in its fighting against mistakes, superstitions and prejudices?
7

Freedom of the Will and Determinism of Nature in Kant's Transcendentalizm

80%
Philipp R.
Przegląd Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria
|
2008
|
vol. 17
|
issue 3(67)
89-106
EN
This article is an attempt to reconstruct Kant's position with respect to the possibility of freedom conceived as undetermined causality that operates in the empirical world. This proposal meets with an obvious obstacle. It is unclear how the universal causality of the empirical world (or the phenomenal world) is to be reconciled with an initiation of new causal chains by free will. In the first part of the article the author presents Kant's views and highlights Kant's belief that the practical reason requires an establishment of transcendental freedom. In the second part of the article several theoretical difficulties arising from these assumptions are discussed.
8

A Kantian in the Today World

80%
Okopien K.
Przegląd Filozoficzno-Literacki
|
2007
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vol. 6
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issue 3-4(18)
155-169
EN
The paper - written and published (which is significant) during the martial law - focuses on relations that keep Leszek Kolakowski's thought in the realm of Kantian thinking. The movement in this realm has a form of going away and coming back. Kolakowski goes away from Kant by recognizing that it is culture and not transcendental consiousness that is the realm of positing and criticising the values. At the same time the need to come back to Kant stems from the dilemma of critique of totalitarianism. Such a critique must adopt Marxian idea of the collective human being as necessary to understand the totality of the system, and yet reject it with the system, while coming back to abstract, aprioristic, formal and postulative Kantian humanity.
9

VYNÁRANIE VZNEŠENÉHO

70%
Tomašovičová J.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2008
|
vol. 63
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issue 7
592-599
EN
J. F. Lyotard described several transformations in art history and pointed out, that the motive power of contemporary art, i.e. modern and postmodern arts, is the sublime. What does this esthetical category mean, if not that to what the common concepts, such as inspiring, admirable, or the transcendent refer? The attention is paid to Kant's articulation of the category in his 'Critique of Judgment'. Points of identity as well as of difference are searched between Kant's conception and the reflections on the problem by J. F. Lyotard, who drew on B. Newman and provided an ontological interpretation of the sublime.
10

SPOLOČENSTVO VO VIERE. POZNÁMKY KU KANTOVMU POJMU CIRKVI

70%
Forschner M.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2012
|
vol. 67
|
issue 4
303 – 314
EN
The paper is based on the assumption that in Kant’s system of morality is not rooted in religion – just the opposite the religion is rooted in morality. According to Kant, morality necessarily leads to religion by which he understands the knowledge of all our duties, not only as categorical commands of our own reason but also as commands of God. The author therefore tries to answer the questions arising from this context: Why is there the need for faith and religion? And why is there even the need for institutional community, i.e. church? Is the reason of an individual not sufficient enough to recognize our duties? Is the moral feeling achieved by reason of every single man, i.e. feeling of respect before the law, not enough to motivate us to fulfil our duties? How should the church look like in Kant's view to perform its potentially useful function?
11

KANTOVA FILOZOFIA NÁBOŽENSTVA Z HĽADISKA PRAKTICKEJ RACIONALITY

70%
Andreanský E.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2012
|
vol. 67
|
issue 3
195 – 207
EN
The paper deals with Kant’s philosophy of religion as related to his theory of practical rationality. The introductory parts explain the foundations and place of the philosophy of religion in Kant’s works. A special attention is paid to the relationship between religion and morality in Kant’s practical philosophy. The social dimension of religion as conceived by Kant is explained as well. Finally, the paper offers a description of the main features of Kant’s practical rationality.
12

STRAWSON AND KANT ON BEING 'I'

61%
Kunes J.
Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu
|
2009
|
vol. 16
|
issue 4
493-509
EN
Strawson developed his descriptive metaphysics in close relation to Kant's metaphysics of experience which can be understood as a particular version of descriptive metaphysics. At the same time, Strawson rejected the foundations of Kant's version of descriptive metaphysics which, according to him, is a sort of psychology. His argument against Kant's conception of subject, or of the 'I', can be found in his conception of a person. However, a closer investigation of this Strawson's conception can reveal that it is not enough comprehensive compared with that of Kant. Speaking with Kant, Strawson understood the part of being 'I' which can be known via self-knowledge but he failed to appreciate the second part of being 'I', namely self-consciousness. A comparison of Strawson's conception with Kant's conception of being 'I' reveals its systematic shortcomings that rather support, against Strawson's purpose, Kant's version of descriptive metaphysics as a theory of subjectivity.
13

GRUNDPROBLEME, OR POPPER MEETS KANT

61%
Bíba O., Paitlová J.
Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu
|
2018
|
vol. 25
|
issue 1
100 – 119
EN
First part of the text presents a historical excursion searching for the genesis of Popper’s philosophical views in the interwar Vienna. It analyses the actual writing process and circumstances that surrounded Popper’s work on Die beiden Grund-probleme der Erkenntnistheorie. The aim of this section is to evaluate Popper’s reception and intellectual self-development through the denial of logical positivism. The second “internalist” segment of this article further examines the Grundprobleme itself through the analysis of Popper’s specific interpretation of Kant’s transcendental idealism. We will confront Seubert’s claim that through Die beiden Grundprobleme der Erkenntnistheorie Popper definitely and knowingly accepts Kant’s stance. We show that even though Popper adopted Kant’s transcendental method of questioning, he had later criticized certain aspects of Kant’s transcendental method. As a result, Popper establishes the so called genetic apriorism, which dwells on his own version of the deductive psychology of knowledge.
14

HAMANN A HERDER O METAKRITICE. PŘÍSPĚVEK K DĚJINÁM POJMŮ

61%
Horyna B.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2020
|
vol. 75
|
issue 2
133 – 147
EN
The paper deals with a general context of the origin and extension of the neologism “meta-criticism”. The history of this term begins in 1784 when German writer and philosopher J. G. Hamann used it to name his conception of Immanuel Kant’s Critic of Pure Reason. However, Hamann provided only a brief framework of the conception of meta-criticism. The task to elaborate the whole theory was undertaken by J. G. Herder, who published two-volume work Verstand und Erfahrung. Eine Metakritik zur Kritik der reinen Vernunft in 1799. Here begun a long-term conflict in German philosophy about the conception of meta-criticism, about Herder’s controversial criticism of Kant and generally about the task of critical philosophy. Modern research shows that there are series of impulses in Hamann’s and Herder’s theory of meta-criticism which influenced the development of German idealism philosophy. Attached to this paper is the translation of Hamann’s very first text in which the term meta-criticism occurred.
15

JSOU NUTNÉ SOUDY A PRIORI?

61%
Sousedík P.
Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu
|
2012
|
vol. 19
|
issue 2
180 – 200
EN
The article shows the positions that philosophers held to the relationship between a priori judgments and those judgments which are valid necessarily. Enlightenment philosophers of the 18th and 19th century, who though often in different ways, opposed the concept of metaphysics and scholastic necessity (Hume, Kant, Mill, idealists), play the leading role. At the beginning of the 20th century analytic philosophy was born. Its first leaders inherited from their predecessors an antipathy to metaphysics, and so they had no desire to return again to the traditional concept of necessity (Wittgenstein, Carnap, Ayer). Their logic and the new characterization of the a priori paved the way for the linguistic turn. Some of their followers in the second half of the 20th century realized that the concept needed to be returned to its original meaning (Kripke). This is not a mere repetition of the Aristotelian-scholastic conception, but a new addition that rethinks the relationship between the notions of a priori and necessity.
16

IMMANUEL KANT IN THE IRON EMBRACES OF THE SOVIET PHILOSOPHY (Imanuil Kant u zaliznykh obiimakh radyanskoi filosofii)

61%
Kozlovsky V.
Філософська Думка
|
2009
|
issue 3
117-126
EN
The author considers an impact of the so-called 'classical German philosophy' upon the Soviet philosophy formation. The special attention is devoted to stages of Kant's philosophy studies by Soviet scholars. The dependence of research strategy on the set of ideological stereotypes is shown. There is also paid due attention to gradual reduction of the force of ideological influence over historical researches of philosophical doctrines, including the Edging, at last decade of the Soviet system domination. The analysis of development of Kant's heritage was carried out by Soviet philosophers in the context of Hegel's philosophy interpretations. Kant's themes and problems which were of basic interest for the Soviet researchers during different periods are shortly described. Those Kant themes and problems which during the different periods interested the Soviet researchers are shortly described within the framework of expressively representative works the defined periods.
17

EXISTUJE ABSOLÚTNA POVINNOSŤ VOČI ETIKE? (PROBLÉM SLOBODY V KANTOVSKEJ TRADÍCII)

61%
Muránsky M.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2008
|
vol. 63
|
issue 7
562-572
EN
The aim of the study is to analyze two basic stories of human freedom, that of Kant and that of Kierkegaard. In its first part the author tries to uncover the basic motives of both philosophical stories using the film 'Minority report' as the background of his discussion. While according to Kant ethics is the basic manner of true self-understanding, Kierkegaard on the other hand suggests to suspend ethics in order to achieve authentic identity of the Self. Does a universal commitment to oneself exist at all, or is this commitment the basic problem in the search for an authentic freedom?
18

KANTOVSKÉ MOTÍVY PROSTORU V GAUSSOVE DIFERENCIÁLNÍ GEOMETRII

61%
Benediktová Větrovcová M.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2012
|
vol. 67
|
issue 6
476 – 484
EN
The aim of this contribution is to show the Kantian concept of space as a hidden presupposition of Gauss’ geometrical treatises. First, the introduction of mathematization, origins of mathematics and geometry is depicted on the philosophical background of Husserl’s phenomenology as one possible interpretation of space. Further, Kant’s ideas on mathematics and space are summarized. The motivations of Gauss’ differential geometry exemplify the revolution in mathematics in 19th century. In conclusion Kantian motives of space in Gauss’ differential geometry as the intrinsic geometry of a curved surface are shown.
19

KANT A RAWLS O NEUTRALITE LIBERÁLNEHO ŠTÁTU

61%
Cíbik M.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2011
|
vol. 66
|
issue 5
481-485
EN
The conflict between perfectionism and the neutrality of a liberal state is one of the burning issues of contemporary liberalism and political philosophy as a whole. The paper examines the roots of the perfectionist as well as neutralist thinking, which are found in the philosophies of Immanuel Kant and John Rawls respectively. Through the reconsideration of the latter the character of the conflict can also be redefined. The aim of the paper is to show the basic difference between the above mentioned conceptions, which in the long run appears to be an anthropological one.
20

ON THE SPECIFIC TRAITS OF RUSSIAN KANTIANISM

61%
Nizhnikov S. A.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2012
|
vol. 67
|
issue 3
254 – 261
EN
The paper focuses on the influence of I. Kant and German classical philosophy on the Russian philosophical thought. It deals with the challenge of “returns to Kant” in Russian philosophical culture. Kant's philosophy stimulates the field of the metaphysics of faith. The paper shows that in their confrontation with German classical thought, and especially with Kant’s philosophy, Russian philosophers have various aims and use various methodologies and languages. Further, it shows Kant’ philosophical legacy from the two different points of view represented by two philosophical magazines – Logos and Put (Way). The paper also explains the importance of the notions of Kantianism and Neo-Kantianism in Russian philosophical thought from the 1850s up to the present day. Attention is paid in particular to A. I. Vvedensky and his understanding of the relationship between faith and reason as well as his confrontation with the philosophy of I. Kant.
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