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Historičnost a kreace neboli Dobré wlastnosti Národu Slowanského?

100%
Kiss-Szemán R.
Česká literatura (Czech Literature)
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2009
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vol. 57
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issue 6
802-817
EN
This article is concerned with the scholarly historical works of Ján Kollár (1793–1852), primarily his Dobré wlastnosti Národu Slowanského (The Good Qualities of the Slav Nation, 1822). In the introduction, the author distinguishes between Romantic historicism and Comtean positivist historicism. The application of the positivist conception resulted, on the one hand, in the marginalization of Kollár’s works with historical subject matter, but, on the other hand, an important part of his thinking made its way into the modern national culture and national consciousness. The author, in the first part of the article, considers the broader historical context of Dobré wlastnosti Národu Slowanského. Following on from previous research, he reveals the influence of Herder, particularly, however, he points to the Hungarian sources from which, he argues, Kollár was inspired in his definition of the ‘good qualities of the Slav nation’. The author then compares in detail the article ‘A régi Magyaroknak Vallásbéli s Erkölcsi Állapottyokról’ (The Religious and Moral Stages of the Ancient Hungarians), by the Veszprém canon Johann Baptiste Horvath (János Horváth, 1732–1799), published in Tudományos Gyüjtemény (Scholarly Miscellany), and demonstrates the extent to which Kollár drew on it and suggests why Kollár concealed his original source.
2

IVAN FRANKO AND SLOVAKS

100%
Nevrly M.
Slavica Slovaca
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2007
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vol. 42
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issue 1
58-65
EN
A study about literary and other relations of the outstanding Ukrainian writer, scientist and politician Ivan Franko with the Slovaks, their history and culture. A special attention from the side of author is paid to I. Franko's work about Jan Kollar, who had a key influence on the representatives of west-Ukrainian revival. Vice versa, I. Franko's revolutionary and democratic ideas were an important stimulation for the progressive development of the Slovak youth, and his work for the progress of realism in the Slovak literature.
3
Content available remote

Kollár, Petrarca a Dante

88%
Pelan J.
Česká literatura (Czech Literature)
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2005
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vol. 53
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issue 2
188-202
EN
By way of introduction the author demonstrates first the Petrarchan and then (for the last two sonnets, published in the 1832 edition) Dantean inspiration of the cycle 'Slávy dcera' by the Slovak-born poet Jan Kollár, and points out the incompatibility of the two models. He describes Kollár's reading of Petrarch and Dante (both in German translation) as partial, since he used only selected elements of form and motif. Kollár's appreciation of the two Italian poets was undoubtedly not without reservations: on the basis of a passage from a description of Kollár's journey to northern Italy in 1841, the author of the article concludes that the distanced way Kollár talks about his models reveals criticism of them from Protestant and Panslav positions. Kollár was nevertheless able to assess positively his contact with Petrarch and Dante: if it was the Petrarchan sonnet that taught him concise, semantically rich expression, it was the stylistic openness of Dantean 'realism', which led him to experiment with form in the framework of a heroic-comic genre.
4

LITERARY SLOVAK LANGUAGE BEFORE AND AFTER REVOLUTION 1848/1849 (EPISODE WITH THE SO-CALLED OLD SLAVONIC SLOVAK) (Spisovna slovencina pred a po revolucii 1848/49 (epizoda s tzv. staroslovencinou))

75%
Svagrovsky S.
Slovenská reč (Slovak Language)
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2010
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vol. 75
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issue 2
97-116
EN
Slovak evangelical intellectuals, leaded by Ludovit Stur, made a decision to establish the Middle Slovak language as a new nationwide literary language at the Evangelic lycee in Bratislava on 14th February 1843. Nevertheless, some Slovak intellectuals, either Catholic or Evangelic ones, disapproved new Slovak literary language from the very beginning. They were headed by J. Kollar. Despite of his authority, the new Slovak language has spontaneously been accepted within the Slovakia region already before the Revolution in 1848 - 1849. The situation has been gradually changed after the Revolution, when J. Kollar became to be the governmental secretary for the Slovaks in Vienna. On the initiative of him, the Austrian government, after the Revolution, did not implement, as it was generally expected, the Middle Slovak language of Ludovit Stur as an official and literary language for all Slovaks; it implemented so-called Old Slavonic language, which, factually, was the Czech language with some small variations of the Slovak language (especially in the field of grammar and lexis). This artificial, unnatural language was used officially and in the teaching process only to the year 1859. Then it was officially cancelled by the Austrian government in 1861.
5

SLÁVY DCERA

63%
Kiss Szemán R.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
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2012
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vol. 59
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issue 2
89 – 111
EN
The study deals with one of the central motifs of Jan Kollár’s work Slávy dcera, namely with the history of the figure of Plaintive Sláva. Kollár derives the motif from Velius’s epistle entitled Querela Austriae (1527). Other content elements became associated with the Querela Hungariae topos: description of the country’s riches (‘fertilitas Hungariae’) and comparison of the happiness of earlier times with the misery of conditions in Kollár’s own day. His Latin-language didactic poem Deploratio praesentis status Hungariae proves that the author was familiar with the Querela Hungariae topos from his secondary-school years onwards. At the same time, in the Prologue to his Slávy dcera and in many of his sonnets, Kollár reinterpreted the topos according to the ideological requirements of the national movements of his time, changing Plaintive Hungary into Plaintive Sláva. In his Prologue to Slávy dcera, Kollár retained the metrical form of Latin didactic poetry (elegiac couplets), but at the same time refashioned it in accordance with the aesthetic demands of Classicism and Romanticism. In early 19th century literature there are some areas that attempt to depict a nation emblematically. Emblematic geography, ethnography, zoography, and phytography are investigated in this study. Through his works, in which famous mountain ranges (the Tatras, the Giant Mountains, the Urals), waters (the Danube, the Elbe, the Baltic Sea), cities (Prague, Moscow) are invested with surplus meaning Kollár contributed to the depiction of the Sláv (Czech and Slovak) nations. Together with their connotations, these places became parts of the modern national mythology. Works published by Kollár in the mid-1820s – Čítanka (‘A Reader’) and the 1824 edition of Slávy dcera – were like maps from the Age of Discovery on which the coastlines of newly discovered continents already featured but where the land within still featured as white space. In the 1832 edition of Slávy dcera and in the Explanations (Vysvetlivky) Kollár ‘populated’ the three continents where Slavs lived. With the help of emblematic national topography, he created an imaginary Slavic country which ignored the status quo then prevailing in Europe. Kollár reached his highest degree of sacralisation of the nation with two songs published in his 1832 edition of Slávy dcera. In these, which presented a Slavic Heaven and a Slavic Purgatory, he enriched the emblematic national geography with the dimension of the life to come. In his Cestopis (‘Travelogue’), he launched a linguistic, historical and cultural crusade for the re-conquest of Northern Italy as a Slavic Holy Land.
6

THE MOTIFS OF NATIONAL EXODUS IN JAN KOLLAR´S WORKS (Motivy narodneho exodu v diele Jana Kollara)

63%
Kiss S. R.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
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2011
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vol. 58
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issue 3
201-219
EN
The study tries to grasp a phenomenon of the early 19th century when the Slovak nation and national literature separated from the Hungarian cultural tradition. However, many of its traditional features continued to exist in modern national literatures. The author focuses on the phenomenon of exodus as one of the defining organizational factors of Kollar's life. He tries to reconstruct Kollar´s relationship with the world in his childhood and youth from individual chapters of his memoirs Pameti z mladsich let zivota (Momoirs of my life's younger years), he mentions his priesthood in Pest, whose most important moment was Slovak church's independence struggle against the German majority. The parts dealing with Kollar's Citanka demonstrate the impact of exodus on his personal life and priest's and teacher's careers. The concept of Pan-Slavism in his works is interpreted as an imaginary home, which refers to Old Testament's paradigm system of Promised Land. There is some symbolism in Kollar's travels around Italy, which played an important role in Slovak national exodus. This phenomenon is naturally associated with many sonnets in Slavy dcera (Fame's daughter), which by activating the Old Testament's symbolism in a creative way also played a major role in establishing new Czech and Slovak ethnographies.
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