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EVERYDAY LIFE IN PAEKCHE FROM THE FIFTH TO SEVEN CENTURY (IN KOREAN, CHINESE AND JAPANESE SOURCES). PART TWO: THE CULINARY CULTURE AND TRADE (Kultura zycia codziennego w panstwie Paekche V-VII w. Cz. II: Kultura kulinarna i kontakty handlowe)

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Taylor J.

Przegląd Orientalistyczny

2008

issue 1-2 (224-225)

53-63

In this part of the article an attempt to reconstruct various aspects of the culinary culture and the character of commerce of the Paekche kingdom has been made. First, we deal with numerous methods of obtaining food, its preparation and consumption, basing upon the organic remains found in the former territory of Paekche and other neighbouring areas, structural and functional typology of agricultural tools and ceramics of the period, pictographic representations in the An'ak tombs, direct historic description of literary sources and toponyms. This analysis has led us to the conclusion that Paekche cuisine was much diversified, also betraying some elements of the nomadic (raw meat consumption, falconry) and Chinese (steam cooking, the usage of metal cutlery, etc.) culinary traditions. The latter part of the article describes the importance of Paekche commerce within the region, its range, character of traded goods and methods of transportation, such as e.g. wagon- and shipbuilding, or navigation methods. However, this reconstruction can be only partial due to the official character of the remaining sources (as a result of the manipulation of materials compiled during the Shilla Period, the focus on the exchange of luxury goods and materials of political and cultural importance) and insufficiency of archaeological data. The article concludes with the observation that contemporary studies tend to underrate the importance of inter-Peninsular commerce, although Paekche played a significant role in the re-export of goods to and from China.

EVERYDAY LIFE IN PAEKCHE FROM THE FIFTH TO SEVEN CENTURY (IN KOREAN, CHINESE AND JAPANESE SOURCES). PART ONE: THE ATTIRE OF ITS INHABITANTS AND THE EARLY ARCHITECTURE (Kultura zycia codziennego w panstwie Paekche V-VII w.....)

100%

Taylor J.

Przegląd Orientalistyczny

2008

issue 1-2 (224-225)

36-52

The purpose of this part of the article is to reconstruct two elements of Paekche people's daily life: outward appearance and their building methods, by comparing the literary sources with the available archeological data. An attempt to present the process of chronological change, the diversification and the supposed origin of the above elements of the everyday life has been also made. Along with the reconstruction of probable anthropomorphic features of various ethnic groups inhabiting Paekche in the 5-7th c., various methods of tattooing, intentional scull deformation and various aspects of people's clothing (such as the fabric and dye production and dyeing techniques, the usage of the personal ornaments, hairdressing and fashion in general) have been also described. These aspects of culture have been linked to the Mahan, Wa, Chinese and Manchurian cultures. Subsequently an attempt to establish the cultural identity of numerous aspects of Paekche's architecture and internal layout of the house equipment (the usage of heating-systems, illumination, bedding, toilet bowls, 'kurut patch'im', etc.) has been made. The Korean classification of mountain fortresses and typology of sacral sites is presented as well. According to the literary tradition, the architectural skills of Paekche people were highly valued in the region, despite their unawareness of many Liang, Sui and Tang construction methods such as the elevation of the open-spandrel segmental arch bridges.

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2 Przegląd Orientalistyczny

2 2008

2 Taylor J.

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EVERYDAY LIFE IN PAEKCHE FROM THE FIFTH TO SEVEN CENTURY (IN KOREAN, CHINESE AND JAPANESE SOURCES). PART TWO: THE CULINARY CULTURE AND TRADE (Kultura zycia codziennego w panstwie Paekche V-VII w. Cz. II: Kultura kulinarna i kontakty handlowe)

EVERYDAY LIFE IN PAEKCHE FROM THE FIFTH TO SEVEN CENTURY (IN KOREAN, CHINESE AND JAPANESE SOURCES). PART ONE: THE ATTIRE OF ITS INHABITANTS AND THE EARLY ARCHITECTURE (Kultura zycia codziennego w panstwie Paekche V-VII w.....)