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Rocznik Tomistyczny
|
2020
|
vol. 1
|
issue 9
335-354
EN
The Cracow Circle aimed at adapting the contemporary achievements of logic to the fields of Catholic philosophy and theology. The Circle was formed by J.M. Bocheński, J. Salamucha, J.F. Drewnowski, and B. Sobociński. The Circle was active in the 1930s. A special event in its history was the 3rd Polish Philosophical Congress in Cracow in 1936. During that Congress a special meeting for representatives of Christian philosophy was organized in order to discuss the relationship between Catholic thought and contemporary logic. Father Bocheński returned to the ideas of the Circle in his article, Die fünf Wege, where he analyzed the quinque viae. A revised and extended version of that work became part of his book, Gottes Dasein und Wesen. Logische Studien zur Summa Theolgiae I, qq. 2-11. In that book, Father Bocheński discusses the subsequent questions from the Summa Theologiae and analyzes Kant’s critical commentary against the cosmological argument The first chapter of that volume is titled Program of Studies on God. The text structures the research studies presented in the book, but additionally, it points to other research goals. The aim of the present paper is to present Father Bocheński’s program of studies on God, showing those postulates of the program that were realized by their author and their relationship with the scientific goals of the Cracow Circle.
Rocznik Tomistyczny
|
2020
|
vol. 1
|
issue 9
477-483
EN
In this essay I will shortly present the main characteristics of Joseph M. Bocheński’s OP translation of Thomas Aquinas’s treatise De ente et essentia. First of all, I will present the circumstances of the translation. Aquinas’s. De ente et essentia was published in the fall in 1955 in the journal “Seminary Materials for the Use of Students of Christian Philosophy”. It was a student magazine created for the internal use of students of philosophy at the Catholic University of Lublin, who thus provided themselves with access to philosophical texts needed for individual classes at the Faculty of Philosophy of the Catholic University of Lublin. However, the reader should be warned that the presented edition is incomplete: of the 81 paragraphs of Aquinas’s work, which Bocheński an-nounces in his introduction, the typescript contains only the first 41. It should be also emphasized that Bocheński perceives De ente et essentia as a ontological work. The interpretation of this treatise can be seen in its entirety, as well as in numerous footnotes that place De ente et essentia within ontology, semantics and logic. Finally, I will emphasize the influence of the Lviv-Warsaw school on Neotomism in general, and on the way of studying philosophy by Bo-cheński in particular. Bocheński’s contacts with representatives of the Lviv-Warsaw school date back to the 1920s: during this period, Jan Salamucha studied theology in Warsaw. During his studies, he met Jan Lukasiewicz, who later became the promoter of his doctoral dissertation on the concept of Aristotle’s modality (he obtained the title in 1927). Then, in 1930, Salamucha wrote an extensive work on the issue of deduction in Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas. At first, Bocheński was a critical reviewer of this work, but soon he decided that logic should serve the Thomism. The presence of analytical philosophy, logic and semantics are noticeable in the entirety of Bocheński’s translation.
EN
The subject of this article is the symbol mechanism proposed by J.F. Drewnowski as a tool for the accurate formulation of sentences in science, including theology. The tool consists of three elements: classical propositional calculus, classical predicate calculus without variable functors and constant functor of the elementary proposition f (x,y,z). This sentence contains three arguments of three different types that correspond to the frame of reference, things and qualities of things. The purpose of this article is to show the language apparatus in the context of author’s other works as well as explain the terms characteristic for the author in order to enable the assessment of the value and timeliness of this idea.
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