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Antykościelne ustawodawstwo w ZSRR za rzadów Włodzimierza Lenina (1917-1923)

100%
Szubtarski G.
Kościół i Prawo
|
2013
|
issue 2 (15) nr 2
63-75
EN
The article examines the problem of anti-Church legislation in Russia during the reign of Vladimir Lenin in years 1917 to 1923. Atheistic Marxist ideology regarded religion as the enemy of progress. Therefore, the Bolsheviks took power after his determined fight against the Church, with a view to its total destruction. The first point shows a short period of reli-gious freedom in Russia after the February Revolution. The second section shows how much the situation has changed after the Bolsheviks came to power. They began to pass laws that restrict the activities of the Church in the country. The third point examines a second wave of attacks on the Church in the early twenties, mainly involving the confiscation of church property. All these activities have begun a period of aggressive policy against the Church, which continued for another decades.
2

Analiza art. 196 Kodeksu karnego z perspektywy 15 lat jego obowiązywania

80%
Poniatowski M.
Roczniki Nauk Prawnych
|
2013
|
vol. 23
|
issue 3
19-59
EN
The article offers an analysis of Article 196 of the Polish Criminal Code of 1997. It provides that anyone who offends the religious feelings of others by publicly blaspheming an object of religious worship or a place dedicated to public celebration of religious rites is subject to a fine, a restriction of freedom or imprisonment for up to two years. Initially, the article presents historical regulations of this issue in the periods 1918-1939 and 1945-1989. Next, some elements of the crime along with current legal opinions are presented. The study also contains statistical data resulting from 15 years of Article 196 being in force. The last part presents a negative view of the draft amendment of 20 April 2012. Finally, conclusions are provided.
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