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The article is devoted to the analysis of Paweł Beręsewicz’s works submitted, awarded with a prize or distinction at the Kornel Makuszyński All‑Poland National Literary Award. The following books by Beręsewicz were analyzed: Jak zakochałem Kaśkę Kwiatek (2005), Ciumkowe historie, w tym jedna smutna (2007), Tajemnica człowieka z blizną (2010), Ściśle tajne (2018). The reading method draws upon the childhood face topic, which was suggested by Grzegorz Leszczyński.
EN
The article attempts to reread the canonical work of Polish children’s literature. It perceives its protagonist, Koziołek Matołek, as a sage and insightful observer of the world, whose disguise of a fool allows him to distance himself from it. Hence, Przygody Koziołka Matołka [The Adventures of Matołek the Billy‑goat] might also serve didactic purposes when it comes to the young readers in the 21st century; these might learn from it how to laugh at themselves or dissociate from problems, which are indispensable qualities regardless of the times we live in.
EN
The article is an analysis of the chosen aviation prose for adolescents from the interwar period (novels by Z. Dromlewiczowa, K. Makuszyński, M. Wardasówna, M. Kann). The aviation pictures and motives, the depictions of pilots in publications for the young reader have been mainly shaped by the large popularity of the aviation movement in the Second Republic of Poland. They had also largely corresponded with the civic-patriotic movement, which put emphasis on different forms of physical activity in adolescents, including aviation sports, as forms of taking part in defensive politics of the country. The analyzed books mainly fulfilled the cognitive-educational goals, as well as propaganda-agitational goals. They presented the fictionalized history of aviation, biographies of the most famous pilots, basic knowledge on aviation engineering and aerodynamics, they described the scouts’ gliding courses. The authors of the aviation prose for adolescents drew their inspiration from the work of the famous interwar period writer-pilot, Janusz Meissner, thus bolstering the romantic and heroic legend of Polish aviation built by the author.
EN
The author analyzes the books for children and young adults written by Kornel Makuszyński in the interwar period in the context of modernity. The article discusses the motifs of travelling by train, flying by airplane, urban and industrial landscapes, construction of the Gdynia seaport, and others, in selected 1930s novels: Awantura o Basię (Argument about Basia), Wielka brama (The Great Gate), Skrzydlaty chłopiec (The Winged Boy) and Wyprawa pod psem (Expedition with a Dog). On the basis of those works of fiction the author discusses Makuszyński’s attitude to progress, urbanization and technological developments, i.e. the phenomena which absorbed Polish society between the two world wars.
EN
The present contribution depicts the specific forms of settling disputes on the Polish territories in the 19th and early 20th century as formed in the selected pieces of belles-lettres. The specific settling of disputes assumed above all the form of duels accompanied by honorary negotiations. To reach similar objective to so called courts of honour were employed as well as so called citizens’ courts that passed judgements on infamy of the Poles blamed for being dishonest in public affairs. Likewise, the arbitration courts were resorted to. They applied out-of-courts settlements of private disputes. The duels the honorary negotiations that were bound with them or the courts of honour were the most frequent literary motifs. At first the Polish writers, such as Ferdynand Chotomski and Edward Lubawski, depicted them in a satirical tone. However, Bolesław Prus created realistic images of duels, as well as Stefan Żeromski, who presented a true description of the citizens’ court. Kornel Makuszyński, in his turn, created a model image of the arbitration court. The detailed analysis made in the present contribution allow for the conclusion that literary texts can make up an interesting and valuable source in the research of legal historian.
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