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1

Szanowni Czytelnicy!

100%

Gawlicki M.

Ochrona Zabytków

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2009

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issue 1

3-4

EN

Dear Readers! For over a year the National Heritage Board o f Boland has been conducting work associated with a verif ication o f the register o f historical monuments. In this way, we wish to assist voivodeship conservators o f monuments in bringing up to date data contained in the register o f historical monuments and preparing a resource o f information accessible on digital carriers, which is then introduced into an electronic database. An important element oj this process is devising a standard o f a contemporary description o f historical values. We would like to carry out this process upon the basis of a wide spectre o f such values as well as to benefit from experiences connected with the protection o f sites included onto the UNESCO World Heritage List. The most recent issue o f "Ochrona Zabytków" presents a fragment o f this complex problem, exemplified by an important domain o f the historical heritage, i.e. the monuments o f technology. I am firmly convinced that the rules presented in the copious article on the topic can be applied also to other domains o f the historical resource. In addition, I draw attention to the extensive gamut of assessments and the necessity o f devising such a method o f conduct that in praxis will make it possible to reach an objective assessment o f the value of historical resources and its precise description, and thus will allow a significant improvement o f the practical standards o f the protection o f historical monuments. A prominent supplementation o f the mentioned undertakings can include a f requently unnoticed area o f civic activity, which should eff ectively support the protection o f historical monuments. We discuss this question upon the basis o f experiences connected with the Foundation for the Development o f Local Democracy. The titles o f the awarded projects: Neighbours for neighbours and "Open gardens demonstrate the status and values o f local cultural space. Traditionally, we have tried to portray secrets concealed behind the walls o f numerous Polish highest rank monuments. This time, I would like to invite you to the Bernardine monastery in Leżajsk. The discovery o f murals embellishing the walls o f the novitiate celts comprises a fundamental principle o f the necessity to carry out professional research preceding all planned conservation initiatives. Under more than ten layers o f paint, for centuries patiently placed by the inhabitants o f the monastery, researchers perceived and unearthed excellent murals. Today, we may admire the beauty and expression o f the depicted figures, the emblems o f death, Satan and the angels as well as many other images carrying a stirring spiritual message. The walls o f the cells depict sprawling landscapes as well as floral and geometrical ornaments. Since interiors continue to serve the residents o f the monastery, it seems even more worthwhile to profit from our publication and to take a look into the formerly closed cells, even i f for only a moment. It gives me pleasure to invite you to become acquainted with the presented issue. I wish you very pleasant reading. R espectfu lly you rs Marcin Gawlicki Director o f the National Heritage Board o f Poland

2

EUROPEJSKIE DNI DZIEDZICTWA 2007

100%

Stec M.

Ochrona Zabytków

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2007

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issue 1

17-19

EN

In 2007 Poland held the fifteenth edition of the Heritage Days, established by the Council of Europe in 1991. The prime objective of the event is to promote regional cultural heritage and to recall the common roots of European culture. The fact that the Days are addressed to an extremely large and differentiated group of recipients endows them with a truly universal character. This year’s edition of the European Heritage Days was organised in all voivodeships under the slogan “People of the Road. Travellers, Pilgrims, Wanderers”. In 240 localities across Poland the organisers and coordinators proposed more than 1 300 events, including presentations, stagings, fairs, festivities, exhibitions, meetings with artists, etc, held in the course of several September days. Several hudred thousand Poles enjoyed an opportunity to take part in the largest cultural event in Europe. The Days offered a unique chance for free-of-charge guided tours of usually inaccessible sites, for discovering the history of one’s region, and for learning about the lives of our ancestors in the distant past. The honorary patron of the European National Days in Poland is the Minister of Culture and National Heritage, whose partners include Polish State Rail Joint Stock Company and the Civic Education Centre; national media patronage was entrusted to the daily ”Rzeczpospolita”, TVP2, the Wirtualna Polska portal and the bimonthly ”Zabytki Heritage”. The coordinator was The National Heritage Board of Poland.

3

Szanowni Państwo!

88%

Florjanowicz P.

Ochrona Zabytków

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2009

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issue 3

3-4

EN

Dear Readers, The issue o f “Ochrona Zabytków " that we are currently putting; into your hands constitutes the first step in the direction of major changes in our magazine, which is addressed to the Polish conservation professionals. Phis issue is a so-called transitory stage. A comprehensive article written by Zbigniew Kobyliński regarding scientific, conservation and ethical bases o f the philosophy o f protecting archaeological heritage, richly illustrated by examples from all over the world and supported by numerous legal arguments portrays the modern approach to archaeology; based on preventive conservation which relies on preservation o f authentic historical structure. Phis interpretation complies with the principles determined in the mission o f the National Heritage Hoard o f Poland which stipulates that the N1 IP is a national institution o f culture that creates bases for sustainable protection oj heritage - it collects and popularises knowledge about monuments, determines standards o f their protection and conservation a n d shapes social awareness for the purpose of preserving Poland 's cultural heritage f or future generations . The text referred to above and the very competent article on combating crime against archaeological monuments also constitute signals that archaeology is going to be a constant issue o f interest in our magazine. Issues rela ted to protection o f archaeological monuments, most numerous, most endangered and least recognized, require special support. The scope o f issues related to the heritage o f the past, and therefore subjects that we are trying to bring closer to you, is, obviously, very extensive. Starting from presentation o f painting masterpieces, such as the works o f Rembrandt from the collection of the Royal Castle in Warsaw - whose complex conservation process was discussed in chapter "Realisations " - to showing monuments that testify to perception o f art in rural areas, for example paintings in the late-Baroque church in Krosno (Warmia region). Two highly recommended texts that we would like to encourage you to read were written or co-written by the employees of our institution. Phis is another important change - we will use our best effort to make "Ochrona Zabytków ' a place where concepts and achievements resulting from conservation programmes currently implemented by our institution are presented. At the same time, we have the pleasure o f informing you that as o f January I, 2011 our institution will be transformed into the National Heritage Institute with an increased scope o f competences, pursuant to a decision o f the Minister o f Culture and National / leritage. The range o f our activities will be increased even more; "Ochrona Zabytków will also continue to develop and - hopefully - the circle o f its readers will keep growing. I invite you to read our periodical! Paulina Florjanowicz Director a. i. of the National Heritage Hoard of Poland

4

Szanowni Państwo!

88%

Florjanowicz P.

Ochrona Zabytków

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2012

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issue 1-2

3-6

EN

The National Board of Poland, the publisher of the Ochrona Zabytków magazine, was established in 2011, but is already celebrating the 50th anniversary of its activity. How is that possible? The National Board of Poland, formerly the National Centre for Research and Documentation of Monuments, is the legal successor of the Centre for Documentation of Monuments (CDM) – an institution to which the Polish conservation owes very much. CDM has been established by the then Minister of Culture and Art in 1962 and accomplished its tasks successfully for four successive decades. In 2002 the former CDM and the Centre for the Protection of Historic Landscape were merged to establish the National Centre for Research and Documentation of Monuments (NCRDM), into which the Centre for the Protection of Archaeological Heritage was incorporated in 2007. In 2011, by the decision of the Minister of Culture and National Heritage, NCRDM changed its name to the National Heritage Board of Poland. We decided to celebrate this magnificent anniversary with a special issue of our magazine. It will contain information about achievements of the Centre for Documentation of Monuments during 40 years of its existence and about the activities of the Centre for the Protection of Historic Landscape and the Centre for the Protection of Archaeological Heritage, i.e., the institutions on the basis of which NCRDM and later the National Heritage Board of Poland was established. The last jubilee issue of Ochrona Zabytków was published on the occasion of the 40th anniversary of CDM exactly 10 years ago, at the beginning of 2002 (Ochrona Zabytków no. 1, 2002). A few months later, CDM ceased to exist in its then-current structure. Its ideas were continued by the National Centre for Research and Documentation of Monuments and later the National Heritage Board of Poland. However, the current jubilee issue is different from the one published 10 years ago. Successive articles were arranged in a manner showing the continuity of the mission of our institution; articles on historical topics are accompanied by texts of current employees of the National Heritage Board of Poland (NHB), who continue the presented projects, at the same time adapting them to contemporary expectations of recipients and making use of the latest methodology. Anyway, innovation was the trademark feature of CDM – after all, it was one of the first conservation institutions in the world that collected documentation about historic object resources of the entire country in a standardised manner. It is something worth remembering. In the changing reality, we have to adapt the methodology of our activities to challenges of contemporary times, but the mission of CDM that was defined in its statutes 50 years ago remains valid: „to improve the stock-taking of monuments for the rational planning of their reconstruction and conservation”. Obviously, monuments are no longer reconstructed today, but the mission of NHB is still to create the basis for the sustainable preservation of heritage by gathering and disseminating knowledge about historical monuments, by setting standards for their protection and conservation, and by raising the social awareness of Polish cultural heritage in order to preserve it for posterity. The National Heritage Board of Poland acts at the intersection of many different fields of activity of the state and society and, therefore, runs a multitude of projects addressed to diverse target groups. Consequently, it is extremely difficult to pass information about the full scope of our activity to all interested persons. This volume does not contain all articles concerning the entire activity of NHB, either. For instance, the entire area of international co-operation was not covered, including important issues such as the implementation of part of the provisions of the UNESCO World Heritage Convention, or expert co-operation with the Council of Europe and the European Commission that has been carried out successfully for a few years. There is also no mention of our activity concerning the support of conservation initiatives in the Ukraine and Belarus or the long-term program of revitalisation of the Muskau Park, which is managed directly by NHB. The role of NHB in the recognition of the most valuable objects as Monuments of History and our intense efforts to create their strong brand are not mentioned, either. Many other areas of NHB’s activity were not covered as well – not because they are less important, but because there was not enough space to write about everything. However, the primary idea of this special issue of Ochrona Zabytków was to present the original tasks of CDM and the manner in which their implementation is continued by NHB today. And the number of these tasks is continuously increasing and there will be many opportunities to write about them, also in this magazine. According to the promise made in the previous issue, Ochrona Zabytków is being transformed into a more interesting magazine that reflects more closely real and current conservation issues. When preparing this special issue, we assumed that each of us had the right to include his own memories and we treat the published texts as authors’ works. This applies particularly to the authors who participated in activities of CDM and other predecessors of NHB and look back on 50 years of achievements from a slightly different perspective. Some of them contain critical remarks about our current activities, which we humbly accept and for which I would like to thank very much here. Articles by current employees of NHB were written according to a completely different principle – they contain no criticism of the past. This is not our role, because we feel that we continue the idea of CDM formulated 50 years ago and, in spite of various twists and turns of history, our task is to pursue this mission and try to fulfil it as best as possible. We do not want to criticise things from the past, but to evolve and adapt our current activities to requirements of contemporary times. I believe that we succeed in doing this and I hope that you have this feeling, too. Finally, let me wish all of you, including former and current employees and collaborators of CDM, CPHL, the Centre for Archaeological Rescue Research, CPAH, NCRDM and NHB, in particular all former directors of those renowned institutions, all the best on the occasion of the jubilee of the 50th anniversary. I would like to thank you for your work, knowledge and passion, because it is the passion, commitment and personal attitude to the tasks being undertaken that connects authors of past successes of CDM with today’s creators of the image of the National Heritage Board of Poland.

5

CZAS NA NOWE TECHNOLOGIE

75%

Gołembnik A., Morysiński T.

Ochrona Zabytków

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2004

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issue 1-2

93-103

EN

For several years now, the development of digital techniques of registering images and improving ways of measuring space is accompanied by attempts at implementing new documentation methods. Considerable accomplishments in this particular domain belong to the Workshop of Interdisciplinary Studies at the National Center for the Study and Documentation of Historical Monuments. The foundation of the investigations conducted by this institution, and the documentation gained during their course, is composed of interdisciplinary qualities, research precision, the application of the most recent techniques of non-invasive exploration as well as computer and geodetic techniques, together with benefiting from the measurement opportunities offered by the Cyrax 2005 laser scanner. All these undertakings are translated not only into complex research processes and reliable registration, but also lead to successes which include objective documentation, a rapid presentation of the outcome, and the latter’s utilisation for the purpose of popularisation.

6

Rola Działu Analiz Konserwatorskich w realizacji zadań statutowych Narodowego Instytutu Dziedzictwa

51%

Jagielska E.

Ochrona Zabytków

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2012

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issue 1-2

101-110

EN

The Conservation Analyses Department was established by the order of the Director of the National Centre for Research and Documentation of Monuments dated 6 June 2010. The Department comprised the Team of Experts and the Conservation Policy Formation Workshop. The Department co-ordinates and supervises work connected with the preparation of opinions and expertises regarding the protection of non-movable and movable monuments for public administration authorities – the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage, Voivodeship Offices for Monument Protection and their branches and local government conservators. It carries out its tasks with the help of local divisions representing the National Heritage Board of Poland. The definite majority of issued opinions concerns the evaluation of the level of preservation of the value of historic objects or areas during administrative procedures being conducted by the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage with regard to deletions from the register of monuments. The Conservation Analyses Department co-ordinates the implementation of the procedure for acknowledgement of a historic object as a history monument and participates in work regarding the creation and dissemination of standards of documentation, research and conservation of historic objects. The activity of the Department in the field of protection of historic parks and gardens is particularly worth mentioning. It includes, among others, study and design works carried out in Branicki’s Garden in Białystok from 2006 till 2009 and the preparation of conservation requests and the resulting projects of regeneration of the palace park in Białowieża and the park in Trzebiny. The palace & park layout in Trzebiny is currently administered by the National Heritage Board of Poland – the Local Workshop in Trzebiny. An important task ordered by the Minister of Culture and National Heritage is the management of the regeneration of Muskau Park. Over 20 years’ period of regeneration works is a significant yet still fragmentary process of restoration of the full historical value of the park. The Institute is also responsible for the creation and putting into common use of standards of documentation, elaborations and manuals regarding the protection of cultural heritage that are addressed to a wide group of recipients, an example of which is the Methodological guide to the elaboration of communal monument care programmes. The international co-operation with Eastern states has been carried out by NHBP and its predecessors for many years, including the „Nieśwież Academy” Postgraduate Summer School and cooperation with the Trakai Historical National Park in Lithuania. All activities being handled by the Conservation Analyses Department of the National Heritage Board of Poland are subject and may become subject to modifications, depending on the orders of the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage, the needs of voivodeship monument conservators and other institutions and the emerging topics that must be solved urgently. Currently the Conservation Analyses Department employs 14 persons. They build an interdisciplinary team consisting of a group of historians of art, monument experts – conservators, landscape architects, an architect and a lawyer – persons with a large professional experience and significant achievements.

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Szanowni Czytelnicy!

EUROPEJSKIE DNI DZIEDZICTWA 2007

Szanowni Państwo!

Szanowni Państwo!

CZAS NA NOWE TECHNOLOGIE

Rola Działu Analiz Konserwatorskich w realizacji zadań statutowych Narodowego Instytutu Dziedzictwa