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1
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Wpływy ruskie we władztwie Piastów X-XI w. w kontekście badań interdyscyplinarnych nad wschodnią Wielkopolską i Kujawami

100%
Danielewski M.
Historia Slavorum Occidentis
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2020
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issue 2 (25)
109-129
EN
This paper discusses the problem of Polish-Ruthenian contacts at an early stage of the Piast realm (from the rule of Mieszko I to the end of Mieszko II’s rule), focusing on the significance of written sources. It also looks at place names, possibly related to the Ruthenian population, and archaeological sources.
2
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Z dziejów katedry a następnie kolegiaty św. Wita w Kruszwicy. I: Katedra, potem kolegiata św. Wita do r. 1428

100%
Librowski S.
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne
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1967
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vol. 15
251-269
EN
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3
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Romańskie napisy haftowane na jedwabnych pasmach z grobu nr 24 w kolegiacie w Kruszwicy

100%
Janicki M. A.
Studia Źródłoznawcze. Commentationes
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2016
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vol. 54
PL
Zarys treści: Artykuł stanowi analizę filologiczną i wstępną analizę epigraficzną wymienionych w tytule inskrypcji celem określenia możliwego czasu ich powstania na podstawie kryteriów epigraficznych.Abstract: This article is a philological and initial epigraphic analysis of the titular inscriptions aimed at defining the possible time of their origin upon the basis of epigraphic criteria.
EN
The article is a philological analysis and an initial epigraphic analysis of inscriptions embroidered on silk fabric found in 1960 in tomb no. 24 in the Romanesque collegiate church in Kruszwica. The preserved three pieces of silk (two are of identical length and one is a fragment) originally constituted probably a single object with the inscriptions arranged most likely into a sequence with a cohesive meaning (on the function of this object cf. articles by E. Dąbrowska and M. Cybulska and E. Orlińska-Mianowska in this volume). A philological analysis of the inscriptions preserved on the longer pieces of fabric makes it possible to ascertain that they comprise rhythmic-versification units. Inscription no.1 is in so-called rich hexameter, while inscription no. 2 is an incipit of a hymn to The Holy Spirit, attributed to Notker the Stammerer (Balbulus) from St. Gallen. The fragmentary inscription no. 3., barely several letters long, poses the greatest interpretation problem owing to the state of its preservation, which (according to B. Kürbis, who witnessed its discovery) could have been quite different than its present-day version. For this reason it seems possible to decipher the fragment in question in two ways, and the place which inscription no. 3. could have originally held in the sequence of inscriptions remains of a closely connected question. An epigraphic analysis of the inscriptions written in Romanesque capitals with elements of the uncial indicates their imitative execution (i.a. an error in the word: spiritus in inscription no. 2), albeit with the use of rather sophisticated lettering (the letter P). The shapes of the signs permit a restricted establishment of the time of the origin of the inscriptions, since some occur in codex writing and epigraphic much earlier than could be the date of the strips of fabric from Kruszwica (A in: gracia from inscription no. 2). By referring to a typology of Romanesque epigraphic writing presented by Rudolf M. Kloos, codex and epigraphic comparative material (which should be considerably expanded) allows us to propose an approximate time of the origin of the inscriptions as not later than the second half or the end of the twelfth century, especially if the object to which the discussed inscriptions belong had been imported from the West.
4
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Muszle – zawieszki – amulety we wczesnym średniowieczu z terenu Polski na przykładzie znalezisk z Kruszwicy

99%
Kurzawska A., Głód A.
Slavia Antiqua: rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim
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2023
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issue 64
221-241
EN
In this article, the author takes a closer look at the finds of sea shell ornaments in the early Middle Ages, based on artefacts discovered at two sites (Nos. 2 and 4) in Kruszwica. The four pendants in question come from settlement levels dating from the 11th to the 12th centuries. A malacological analysis suggests that the ornaments reached Kruszwica from the Mediterranean area (Acanthocardia tuberculata and Bolinus brandaris), and probably the Red Sea (Monetaria moneta), and from southern Poland (Turritella sp). These objects had been in use for a long time, as evidenced by the microtraces and damage visible on their surface. During the early medieval period, among the various species of shells that were ‘imports’, money cowrie shell ornaments with the most ‘exotic’ origins were the most common in Europe. It is highly probable that during this period of time, they were used in the exchange/trade and their value as a female symbol object and an amulet. Most likely, the shell pendants reached Kruszwica via trade routes that have been previously documented, alongside other artifacts. These ornaments provide additional evidence of long-distance trade.
5
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Kryzys czy nowy etap rozwoju? Z badań nad przeobrażeniami piastowskich ośrodków grodowych w XII I XIII wieku – przykłady kruszwicy I lądu nad Wartą

85%
Brzostowicz M.
Slavia Antiqua: rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim
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2021
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issue 62
317-327
EN
The article presents the transformation of stronghold in Poland in the 12th and 13th centuries. By providing the examples of Kruszwica (Kuyavia) and Ląd (Wielkopolska), attention has been drawn to the fact that, despite the collapse of the strongholds around which gords were once organised, they could continue development and remain political, societal, religious, economic and cultural centres. They allow historians to take a different view of the operations of the then territorial and administrative organisation in Poland as well as the gradual disintegration of the system.
6
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Wczesnośredniowieczny szklany pacior z Kruszwicy

85%
Sawicka J.
Slavia Antiqua: rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim
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2021
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issue 62
217-232
EN
In the gord in Kruszwica, on the settlement level from the 4th quarter of the 11th century, a piece of a large bead was discovered. It was made of black and purple glass, decorated with a set glass thread and small buttons with the (floral) millefiori ornament. It was made of glass, the “ash” variety of the Na2O-K2O-CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 type (the grains) and the Na2O-K2O-CaO-MgO-Al2O3-PbO-SiO2 type (the ornament). An interpretation of the results of an analysis of the chemical content of the glass (XRF, X-Ray Fluorescence) has allowed to define the probable place of the glass production, as well as the form and type of this rare specimen, namely the Middle East (probably Byzantine) workshops.
7
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Studia nad stratygrafią I poziomami architektoniczno-użytkowymi zamku kruszwickiego

85%
Pawlak P.
Slavia Antiqua: rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim
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2021
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issue 62
375-397
EN
The castle in Kruszwica was built after 1343, at the request of Casimir III the Great. The oldest written sources, Kronika by Jan of Czarnków, dates the construction of the castle back to 1350-1355. The castle hosted the seat of the starost, judiciary authorities and a prison. In 1973-1982, the excavations were located in the central and south-western parts of the Castle Hill. In 2007-2008, the archaeological excavations were moved to the crests of the Hill; in 2010-2011 they were located chiefly near the structures of the castle building, still uncovered in 1973-1982. As a result, relics of the castle house were excavated together with several cellar rooms and fragments of the peripheral wall with remains of a gate. Following the results of stratigraphic and architectural analyses, the results of the research into the movable historic material, coupled with the results of 14C radiocarbon dating, four chronological periods have been identified in the history of the castle in Kruszwica: period I – since the mid-14th c. to 1519; period II – after 1519 to 1591; period III – after 1591 to 1657; period IV – after 1657.
8

Polish archaeology in the "Millennium" research on the early polish state, with particular emphasis on the Poznań research centere. Major research paradigms

57%
Michał K.
Przegląd Archeologiczny
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2017
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vol. 65
151-167
EN
This paper outlines major research paradigms in Polish archaeology underpinning the so-called millennium research project conducted between 1948/1949 and 1970. The main focus of this study is the Poznań research centre. The millennium project was an answer to the 1000th anniversary of the Polish State and the Baptism of Mieszko I, the first historical ruler of Poland, celebrated between 1965 and 1966. The research paradigms of the then archaeology were noticeably determined by research issues explored by the historiography of the Middle Ages. First independent archaeological studies on the early Piast state (regnum) were conducted only in the late twentieth century. Their results were based on archaeological evidence from the so-called millennium research in Wielkopolska. During carefully planned and methodically conducted excavations conducted by archaeologists from the Poznań centre, archaeological sources were impeccably recovered, documented and very well preserved along with the field data and documentation.
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