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TWELVE FUNCTIONS OF LANGUAGE (Dwanascie funkcji jezyka)

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EN
The article deals with the problem of classification of language functions. The author considers six parameters of verbal activity: world, man, interaction, discourse, convention and linguistic situation, which are treated as criteria of the language functions. He considers also two aspects of language functioning: explicate and procedural, which enables the distinction of twelve language functions: nomination, magic, index (presentation), expression, social (sociolectal) function, pragmatic function, stylistic function, ethological (heuristic) function, cognitive function, creative function, statutory function and determination (initiation).
EN
Language functions are considered as means 1) to provide communication (speech) and 2) to be a basis for knowledge and thoughts (gnostic function). Speech functions are understood as attitudes of an utterance to components of a communicative situation. Speech functions are divided into coordinative ones, when an utterance coordinates an interlocutor’s behavior (representative, appealing and emotive functions) and non-coordinative functions, when an utterance does not coordinate an interlocutor’s behavior (phatic, aesthetic, magic functions). The model can be applied in teaching stylistics, rhetoric and speech culture.
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