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1

K NIEKTORÝM CHARAKTERISTICKÝM PRVKOM LEXIKY SOCIALISTICKÉHO JAZYKA – NA PRÍKLADOCH ZO SLOVENSKEJ STRANÍCKEJ TLAČE V ROKU 1968

100%
Molnárová P.
Motus in verbo: časopis mladej vedeckej generácie
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2019
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vol. 8
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issue 1
40 – 51
EN
The aim of the paper is to characterize some of the typical aspects that are present in the language of socialism in Czechoslovakia (1948 – 1989). The language used during this period is different with regard to present lexicology or stylistics. The main influential factor was the presence of the political/communist/socialist ideology in a press. In lexicon it may be seen in different forms such as repeating of words, changes in semantics, using and manipulating of positive and negative meaning of words, creating antonyms with political lexeme and so on. The issue was researched using editorials from political newspaper Pravda in 1968 and literature which is cited below the text. The language of socialism was different from the language in the press nowadays. Analysed linguistics aspects were gathered and used to present one of the ways how the political ideology of the communist party in Czechoslovakia manipulated the masses through the media. However, they represent just a small piece of socialist language which was a dynamic part in a development of society in this time period.
2
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O lexikálno-sémantickej konfrontácii v slovanských jazykoch

100%
Čižmárová M.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
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2009
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vol. 91
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issue 1
30-37
EN
The author of the paper examines different lexical units in the Slovak and Ukrainian languages. The basis of her research is provided by a Ukrainian-Slovak dictionary and a Slovak- Ukrainian dictionary in the compilation of which the author participated. Differences between the semantic structures of the two languages with such a close genetic relationship reflect differences in the perception of reality and its evaluation captured by the semantics of lexemes of the compared languages.
3
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Potocyzmy i wulgaryzmy w powieści Jáchyma Topola »Strefa cyrkowa«

100%
Taboł S.
Bohemistyka
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2016
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vol. 16
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issue 3
261 - 270
EN
Article answers the question: What are the functions in the novel Poplar vulgar and colloquial words. The use of these words is certainly thought-treatment by the author. The use of these tokens is aware of mediocrity reality in which man does not have to try to speak properly, carefully, beautifully and efficiently. If reality is not acceptable, the sender is released from the culture of the language, attention to accuracy of expression, located in the appropriate scale of compliance with the standard language. Setting heroes is gray, ugly, therefore the characters speak everyday, expressively motivated by which Topol also convinces the reader of the hopelessness of the world in which they found themselves heroes. Profanity and colloquialism have a definite, clear and powerful method for evaluating the world and people. Language transfer, saturated with this type of lexemes is highly expressive and emotional.
4

ADAPTÁCIA ANGLICKEJ INICIÁLOVEJ SKRATKY PR (PUBLIC RELATIONS) V SLOVENČINE

86%
Gavurová M.
Slovenská reč (Slovak Language)
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2011
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vol. 76
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issue 3
160 – 165
EN
The paper deals with the process of adopting English abbreviation PR (abbreviated from the noun phrase Public Relations) to Slovak by means of using its original English pronunciation /pi: ‚a:(r)/ as a lexeme píár/piár. The adaptation includes changes on both phonological (shift in stress pattern, shortening of a vowel length) and morphological level to adopt for Slovak inflection system (parallel use of uninflected and inflected forms). The process of adopting continues by word-formation of derived lexemes (piárový, piárovanie, piárista) and compounds (piármanažér, piárporadca) from the root piár. The author believes such tendencies help to distinguish abbreviation PR from other homographic abbreviations and compensate for the fragmentary character of original abbreviation PR. They also enable Slovak to incorporate abbreviation PR and its lexicalized pronunciation piár into Slovak lexicon.
5

PRECISE OR IMPRECISE? PROBLEM OF THE DEFINITION OF LEXEME FROM THE POINT OF THE ANTHROPOCENTRICALLY THEORY OF LANGUAGES (Scharf oder unscharf? - Zu Problemen der Lexemdefinition aus der Sicht der anthropozentrischen Sprachentheorie)

86%
Pawlowski G.
Kwartalnik Neofilologiczny
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2010
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vol. 57
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issue 3
319-333
EN
The article examines problems concerning the description of lexemes, their definitions and real or hypothetical limits that may result from questions presented in this context. The author discusses such distinctions as the meaning of a word as opposed to its use and the proper meaning of a word versus the so called additional meaning of a given expression. As a consequence, one of the most important tasks comes down to answering the question of what constitutes the idiolectal meaning and what factors have an influence on this process
6
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FROM THE ACOUSTIC SIGNAL TO THE SEMANTICS OF WORDS – PSYCHOLINGUISTIC RESEARCH ON RECOGNITION AND PRODUCTION OF SPEECH

86%
Rojczyk A.
Biuletyn Polskiego Towarzystwa Językoznawczego
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2008
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vol. 64
249-260
EN
The paper concentrates on psycholinguistic processes which occur while decoding speech from the acoustic signal to a complete recognition of the word. The acoustic signal reaching the hearer fails to reveal any clear-cut phonemic boundaries or invariability, therefore different perception models refer to different sources in speech categorization. The reason for the fact that phonemic categories are so strongly blurred in the signal is coarticulation, which, despite its disruptive effect on the structure of the signal, appears to be crucial in increasing the effectiveness of speech recognition. Having processed the signal into distinct speech categories, the hearer searches for an appropriate lexeme in their lexicon. The process appears to rely strongly on two aspects; competition and neighbourhood. Lexemes congruent with the incoming speech signal are activated in parallel and compete for recognition. Lexemes in dense neighbourhood are activated differently from lexemes in sparse neighbourhood. In its final parts, the article discusses how the ability to write and read influences the phonological representation of words.
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