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Kto świętuje święta Boże, temu Pan Bóg dopomoże...Święta polskie we frazeologii i paremiologii dawnej i współczesnej

100%
Skorupska-Raczyńska E.
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe
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2013
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issue 13
295-314
EN
For centuries, religious festivals have played an important culture-creating role in the Polish society. They also refer to the time around the festival seasons. The social importance of the holy days is reflected by a large number of phrasemes and proverbs found in dictionaries of the Polish language and paremiographic collections. The author has reviewed various lexicographic sources and selected several dozen phrasemes related to religious festivals in general as well as over 200 proverbs related to the most important Roman Catholic festivals i.e. Christmas, Epiphany, Easter, Pentecost and Corpus Christi. The analysis shows that most of the proverbs relate to Christmas (63%), some of them to Easter (23%), Epiphany (7%) and Pentecost (5.5%), and few are connected to Corpus Christi (1.5%). The largest group of the studied proverbs refers to th weather and economy, few of which are actually in use today. Based on simple syntactic structures and grammatical rhymes, these proverbs once made it easier for Poles to understand and interpret their world. Today, they are a part of the Polish cultural heritage.
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THE VOCABULARY OF VILNIUS REGION IN THE WORKS OF HALINA TURSKA IN RELATION TO THE CONTEMPORARY LEXIS OF THE BORDERLAND (Slownictwo Wilenszczyzny w pracach Haliny Turskiej wobec wspólczesnej leksyki kresowej)

100%
Grek-Pabisowa I.
Acta Baltico-Slavica
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2008
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vol. 32
51-59
EN
A Polish scholar Halina Turska had been conducting research of the regional variation of Polish in Vilnius region for a few years before the World War II broke out. At that time she recorded a significant number of words from which about a thousand and a half words have remained in a part of her monograph until now. A comparison of the vocabulary of H. Turska's works and the set of vocabulary excerpted in the same area half of a century later - in the years of 1987 - 2001 was made in the article. The comparison suggests that the vocabulary of Polish dialects functioning in Vilnius region changes significantly. The greatest changes were in the borrowed vocabulary, especially from Lithuanian, in the rural lexis. A number of names disappeared as a result of collectivisation, liquidation of individual farms and mechanisation of agriculture. Instead, vocabulary reflecting new reality, mainly of Russian origin appeared. Well preserved were only those lithuanisms which are widespread and present not only in Vilnius region but also in the whole ethnic Belorussian territory and in dialects of Podlasie as well. Another significant change is the loss of Lithuanian and Belorussian phonetic and morphological features. Since the inter-war period the vocabulary of Vilnius region has been enriched significantly by words and phrases from general Polish as a result of popularisation of education (eradication of illiteracy) and wide range of mass media, e.g. from Poland. In relation to the lexemes fixed in the analysed Turska's works, in the layer of active vocabulary of the Northern Borderland ca. 14% lexemes were not evidenced.
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HUMAN APPEARANCE IN THE LOANWORDS FROM THE LITHUANIAN LANGUAGE (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF POLISH DIALECTS IN LITHUANIA) (Zapozyczenia litewskie dotyczace wygladu czlowieka (na materiale gwar polskich na Litwie))

100%
Rutkowska K.
Acta Baltico-Slavica
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2009
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vol. 33
157-172
EN
In this article, the vocabulary of the Lithuanian origin concerning human appearance, which can be found in the Polish dialects in Lithuania, is presented. These words describe such physical characteristics as too large or very small stature, bowleggedness, lameness, gibbosity; they are expressive, marked with negative shade. A significant group is also made by lexemes designating separate parts of the body, such as a thigh, a hip, a fist, a finger, genitals etc. In most cases, we deal with borrowings of fixed semantic structure in comparison to their equivalents that are used in Lithuanian. Some greater semantic distinctions can be observed on an example of penetration of the Lithuanian expressions in the Belarus and Russian dialects. It is possible to assert that the only feature accompanying borrowing of Lithuanian expressions in the Polish Language is change of a stylistic pattern. Some lexemes are still actively used (e.g. kurdupel, dylda, dryblas, rozkieraka) and the reason for it may be in the shortage of corresponding lexemes in Polish. In an example of some lexemes, there is an apparent tendency in avoiding of dialectal words and using Polish lexemes instead (e.g. using 'biodro' instead of 'kulsza', 'kumpiak').
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LITHUANIAN BORROWINGS DENOTING HUMAN STATES, DISPOSITIONS AND THE WAYS OF EXPRESSING FRANKNESS AND UNWILLINGNESS (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF POLISH DIALECTS IN LITHUANIA) (Polish title below)

100%
Rutkowska K.
Acta Baltico-Slavica
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2011
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vol. 35
EN
(Polish title: Zapozyczenia litewskie oznaczajace sklonnosci i stany czlowieka oraz sposoby wyrazania czulosci lub niecheci (na materiale gwar polskich na Litwie)). The present article is a continuation of the previous studies (Rutkowska, 2009, 2010) dedicated to Lithuanian borrowings. Two previous articles have been related to human appearance and mental characteristics. The subject of the present article is Lithuanian borrowings which describe specific human dispositions and mental states, as well as the usage of epithets and the ways of addressing other people (terms of endearment). The lexical material of the article and vocabulary analyzed previously allows to state that the words referring to man make up a group of fairly large vocabulary of Lithuanian origin. It has been observed that words of such semantic categories as agriculture, weaving, fishery, construction are characterized nowadays as archaic because of the disappearance of a particular type of folk culture and changes in the field of rural activities. However, different ways of describing a person are still present in various dialect areas. A varying degree of adaptation of borrowed lexemes suggests that the penetration of such lexemes was a continuous process, which lasted throughout the period of the contact of Polish and Lithuanian dialects, and this process is continuing at the present day. The reason for the linguistic behavior of this type of Lithuanian words in Polish dialects is semantic capacity and expressiveness of these lexemes.
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K teorii mezijazykové interference v lexikálním plánu češtiny a polštiny

88%
Muryc J.
Bohemistyka
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2015
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vol. 15
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issue 4
347 - 354
EN
The article deals with the theory of language in terference in the lexis of Czech and Polish languages. The author defines the term, specifies several types of interference, and describes some aspects of Czech and Polish lexical typology. Based on particular occurrences the author offers classification into three basic types of lexical interference, so called lexical transfers.
6
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Czesko-polskie złudne ekwiwalenty słowotwórcze

88%
Orłoś T. Z.
Bohemistyka
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2009
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vol. 9
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issue 4
241 - 249
EN
The article is dedicated to Czech-Polish intralinguistic homonymy, in particular to the issue of deceptive derivational equivalence. First of all, the authoress analyzes feminatives and nominal diminutives which are so-called linguistic traps for Poles learning the Czech language. Furthermore, she raises the issue of deceptive adjectival equivalence with reference to adjectives in which the bases are deceptive words.
7
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JĘZYKOWY OBRAZ BIZANCJUM W POLSZCZYŹNIE DAWNEJ I WSPÓŁCZESNEJ

75%
Skorupska-Raczyńska E., Rutkowska J.
Konštantínove listy
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2020
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vol. 13
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issue 1
144 - 154
EN
Examining the linguistic picture of the world is a major field of research in Slavic linguistics, whose aim is the analysis of experience, norms, rules and value judgements assigned to interpersonal communication – with regard to their reflection in lexis, phraseology or literature. We aim to present and assess the ways of linguistic picturing of the terms Byzantium and Byzantine over the years of their presence in the lexis; i.e. since their early conceptualisations in the Polish language and culture to the present day, thus in the diachronic and synchronic perspective. The research involves various styles of the Polish language: basic, careful (scientific, artistic, religious) and colloquial, with reference to anthropocentric perception of the reality and its linguistic interpretation. In the research process, we used the methods of excerption, analysis and synthesis, as well as an interview.
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DERIVATED LEXEMES WITH THE WORD BASE -vez-, -voz- IN EARLIER SLOVAK LANGUAGE (Derivovane lexemy -vez-, -voz- v starsej slovencine)

75%
Valentova I.
Slovenská reč (Slovak Language)
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2009
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vol. 74
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issue 6
334-345
EN
Old Slavic words vezti, voziti, voz, vozataj, vazat origined from Indoeuropean base veg'h-, which had the meaning 'to go', later on 'to transport by wagon or sledge'. Next lexemes and their lexical meanings created on Earlier Slovak language from word bases -voz- , -vez- are also introduced.
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