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World Literature Studies
|
2021
|
vol. 13
|
issue 4
94 - 105
EN
This article includes an analysis of selected characters in The Books of Jacob (Księgi Jakubowe [2014] 2019) by Olga Tokarczuk from the context of discourse. The analysis is based on the concept of literary characters as the “common ground” for a discourse in literature, existing within the Polish theory of literature, as well as a discourse on extra-literary reality. In Tokarczuk’ s novel, there is a clash of two major discourses: rationalistic and metaphysical-messianic. The former appears at times as scientific-medical, represented by one of the background characters, Rubin Asher. The character is the quickest to emancipate himself, in his community, impersonating the modernity and rationality of the Enlightenment. The character who plays the role of the “common ground” for metaphysical-messianic discourse is Jacob Frank. Molivda-Kossakovski is situated at the intersection of several discourses. His multi-discursivity combines rationalistic, metaphysical, ethnic and multi-cultural discourses, of which the latter plays a critical role for the former ethnic one. The interdiscursivity of the work puts forward the knowledge of the origins of modernity in remote periphery, of the beginnings of modern ways of world categorization and generates critical discourse.
EN
The aim of this paper is to explain, categorise and assess the image of the phenomenon of the Detva region and its population in the Slovak literary discourse in the 2nd half of the long 19th century. The image which began in Sládkovič’s romantic poem Detvan created the canon of Detva and its population. These strongly positive characteristics gradually found a reflection in other literary works, travel guides, publications and even encyclopaedia. The man from Detva and his country became the prototype of an ideal Slovak not only in Slovak literature, but were positively pictured by Czech authors, lovers and admirers of Slovaks, as well. The image of an ideal Slovak, identified with the national heroes Jánošík or Martin Hudcovie, fundamentally changed at the end of the 19th century. This change was due to the Hungarian expert and political discourse, which considered the glorifying Slovak literary works and their heroes an unwanted element. The “man from Detva” thus became a dangerous criminal living in hardly accessible mountainous areas, where he avoided his duties against the State and society. The transformation of the image of a Slovak population group reflects the developments in the views by different groups of authors of the same topic that has become an up-to-date ethno-identification phenomenon thanks to increased interest.
EN
The author examines the dialogue between Teofi l Lenartowicz’s text Złoty kubek [Golden mug] and Janusz A. Ihnatowicz’s poem from the Selected poems collection, and between Lenartowicz’s work and Maria Pawlikowska-Jasnorzewska’s poem entitled Lenartowicz. The article is part of a research into intertextuality in the literary discourse.
EN
The study deals with the concept of Romanticism formulated by Jaroslav Vlček as it is represented by his literary historical works Literatura na Slovensku, její vznik, rozvoj, význam a úspěchy (Literature in Slovakia, Its Beginning, Development, Meaning and Success, 1881) and Dejiny literatúry slovenskej (The History of Slovak Literature, 1898, 1890). It is seen as the invariant of the monolithic interpretation of the Slovak Romanticism, which has had a well-established tradition in the Slovak studies since the second half of the 20th century, therefore the attention is paid to the description and the process of framing the concept. The essential notion is that of „Štúr´s school“ and its formation, which was canonized as the designation of the Slovak Romanticism. Against a background of that the study examines Vlček´s concept of Romanticism and his way of formulating it in the context of the images of the Slovak Romanticism built up by Slovak Romantic writers with regard to the interpretation by Russian expert in the Slavic studies Anton Budilovič. The goal of the study is to show which sources and traditions, i.e. the earlier views of literary history, gave rise to the monolithic concept of Romanticism represented by Jaroslav Vlček´s literary historical concept. The secondary goal of the study is to address selected partial problems concerning literary historical activities related to the Slovak Romanticism as well as the writing of history in general.
EN
The study deals with the concept of Romanticism formulated by Jaroslav Vlček as it is represented by his literary historical works Literatura na Slovensku, její vznik, rozvoj, význam a úspěchy (Literature in Slovakia, Its Beginning, Development, Meaning and Success, 1881) and Dejiny literatúry slovenskej (The History of Slovak Literature, 1898, 1890). It is seen as the invariant of the monolithic interpretation of Slovak Romanticism, which has had a well-established tradition in the Slovak studies since the second half of the 20th century. Therefore the attention is paid to the description and the process of framing the concept. The essential notion is that of „Štúr´s school“ and its formation, which was canonized as the designation of Slovak Romanticism. Against a background of that the study examines Vlček´s concept of Romanticism and his way of formulating it in the context of the images of Slovak Romanticism built up by Slovak Romantic writers with regard to the interpretation by Russian expert in Slavic studies Anton Budilovič. The goal of the study is to show which sources and traditions, i.e. the earlier views of literary history, gave rise to the monolithic concept of Romanticism represented by Jaroslav Vlček´s literary historical concept. The secondary goal of the study is to address selected partial problems concerning literary historical activities related to Slovak Romanticism as well as the writing of history in general.
EN
This paper elucidates the main trends in Ukrainian literary discourse since independence and argues that the contribution of women authors is not only quantitatively substantial but also qualitatively significant both in literary criticism and in belles-lettres. Women critics revolutionized literary scholarship by making it subjective and theoretically challenging. Employing feminist, psychoanalytic, and phenomenological approaches, these female scholars introduced novel modes of reading and literary analysis, and reinterpreted classic works and authors of Ukrainian literature. They were also in part responsible for establishing first gender centers in academia. Women writers and poets, on the other hand, introduced gender issues in belles-lettres, focusing on female subjectivity and advancing progressive attitudes and ideas. Women’s writing is by and large pro-Western and reflects challenges and new conditions facing Ukrainian post-Soviet society.
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