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Texty a kontexty. Několik poznámek k postavení slovesné folkloristiky mezi evropskou etnologií a kulturní antropologií

100%
Janecek P.
Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)
|
2009
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vol. 19
|
issue 4
235-239
EN
The study reflects on the actual position of literary folkloristics within the domestic academic discourse. Although - at the very beginning of ethnologic research - the studies of folklore texts were in the foreground and a more remarkable interest in artefacts of material or folk culture as a whole occurred much more later, at present the study of folklore reaches a certain marginal position, being even part of rhetoric proclaimed by proponents of different schools in cultural and social anthropology. The essay reflects on the causes of the above contemporary phenomenon, considering the inherent characteristics of folkloristics, and - simultaneously - outlining the impulses to the next development thereof. The main sense and importance of literary folkloristics, a discipline being in an apparently 'schizophrenic' position on the boundary between humanities and social sciences, is regarded not as taking-over of the period conjunctural themes, theories or methodologies from other branches, but as emphasizing of collection and analysis of the texts widespread by word of mouth, which should especially be in the foreground of folkloristic researches.
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Slovesný folklor texaských čechů. K vypravěčskému repertoáru českých vystěhovaleckých skupin v první polovině 20. století

84%
Janecek P.
Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)
|
2010
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vol. 20
|
issue 1
30-37
EN
Literary folklore, traditional, orally-transmitted level of expressive culture, is generally considered to be a important part of culture of all ethnic groups, including European immigration to the U.S.A. Presented paper examines folkloric level of everyday culture of Texas Czechs in the first half of the 20th century. Since immigration of first Czech families to Texas to the end of the Second World War, Texas Czechs represented vital ethnic oral culture with many specific folkloric characteristics. Although majority of oral narratives of Texas Czechs in this period were directly transferred from the Old Country, some of them were influenced by immigrant and pioneer experience, different social and cultural conditions in Texas, and contacts with other Texan ethnic communities. Only the most vital European traditions, which could be adapted to the new lifestyle, survived acculturation to specific American geographical, social and cultural setting. Presented first part of the paper, using mainly yet unpublished 1942 thesis 'Czech Folklore in Texas' by Olga Pazdral from Central Texas, tries to point out some general outlines of Texas Czech literary folklore of this period, focusing mainly on folk legends. Planned second and third part will outline other traditional narratives (folktales, short folklore genres like jokes and proverbs, children folklore and personal experience narratives). Folklore of Texas Czechs of the period can be characterized not only by its continuity with Old World traditions, but also by its incorporation of typically American folklore narratives, stemming from unique immigration experience.
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