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1

The disputes between Wincenty Lutoslawski and the Jagiellonian University in Cracow

100%
Bilinski P.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
|
2005
|
vol. 50
|
issue 2
203-229
EN
The paper describes the turbulent relationships between the outstanding but eccentric philosopher Wincenty Lutoslawski and the Jagiellonian University in Cracow. Lutoslawski had submitted several applications for the Chair of Philosophy at the Jagiellonian University since 1890, but for these were repeatedly turned down. It was only ten years later that he was granted the post of Privat-Dozent (assistant professor) at the Chair. Soon, however, his lectures began to arouse a great deal of controversy: Lutoslawski failed to follow the previously submitted topics, he dressed and behaved in a strange way. In 1900 Lutoslawski was diagnosed as suffering from psychosis, which led to his suspension by the Faculty Council. The philosopher made renewed attempts to appeal from the decision by sending letters to the rector of the university and the dean, but that only aggravated the conflict. Lutoslawski returned to the Jagiellonian University only after the Second World War, and it was also then that he became an active member of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences (Polska Akademia Umiejetnosci). A major role in the above-mentioned conflict was played, on the one hand, by the professor's impetuosity, and, on the other, by the lingering resentfulness of the academic circles in Cracow. The current paper argues for a revision of a widespread and long-standing view accusing the University and the Academy of expelling Lutoslawski for political reasons. While Lutoslawski did hold and disseminate nationalist views which could pose a threat to either of the two institutions in a situation when Cracow was under Austrian rule, they faced the much more delicate problem of a breach in professorial authority, to which Lutoslawski had contributed by his behaviour. In those circumstances, the authorities of both the University and the Academy had almost no choice but to take radical measures.
2

The endeavours by Wincenty Lutoslawski (1863-1954) to obtain a chair of philosophy at the Jagiellonian University in Cracow

63%
Mróz T.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
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2005
|
vol. 50
|
issue 1
79-94
EN
When applying, in 1891, for a chair of philosophy at the Jagiellonian University in Cracow, Wincenty Lutoslawski had already published a number of important articles as well as a doctoral dissertation, which he defended at the Dorpat University. While working at the University of Kazan, Lutoslawski had been engaged in several research sojourns abroad, including one in London. Although his achievements were positively reviewed by Stanislaw Pawlicki, another Polish specialist on Plato's philosophy, the subsequent conflict between the two scholars stemmed from differences in world-view and in scholarly views relating to methodology and interpretation. Alas, Lutoslawski's application was rejected, and the majority of faculty council opted for Pawlicki, a renowned professor of the Faculty of Theology. Lutoslawski continued to pursue his scholarly career abroad, publishing in several European languages, until the publication in 1897 of his famous work on Plato (The Origin and Growth of Plato's Logic). Meanwhile Pawlicki, burdened both by his teaching responsibilities and the results of the research by Lutoslawski, was not able to complete (before his death in 1916) his History of ancient philosophy. While Lutoslawski was prevented from working in Cracow, he became - thanks to his works - a historian of ancient philosophy whose world renown has persisted until the present day. Pawlicki obtained the Chair, but his works on the history of philosophy are rarely cited today.
3

Wincenty Lutoslawski - his life and work

63%
Zaborowski W.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
|
2004
|
vol. 49
|
issue 1
65-81
EN
Wincenty Lutoslawski was born in Warsaw in1863. After university studies in chemistry he moved on to study history and philology and obtained a master's degree in philosophy. Lutoslawski spent the next ten years studying Plato's logic (The Origin and Growth of Plato's Logic with an Account of Plato's Style and of the Chronology of his Writings, London 1897). In the years 1899-1900 he lectured at the Jagiellonian University in Cracow then at universities in Lausanne and in Geneva .After few years travelling around the USA and Europe he was offered, in 1919, the Chair of Philosophy at the Stefan Batory University in Wilno (Vilnius).He died in Cracow in 1954. His bibliography covers a total of 820 items, out of which ninety six appeared as selfstanding publications; he published in Polish, German, English, French, Spanish, Italian and Russian (he also knew Grek and Latin).Three areas of Lutoslawski's research are discussed: Plato, Polish romanticists, and his own philosophical system. He is best known for discoveries on the chronology of Plato's works, but his main concern was the study of evolution of Plato's thought. Lutoslawski discovered that after Plato had created idealism, he went beyond it and moved towards spiritualism. Lutoslawski's attachment to Polish romanticists stemmed from his conviction of their unique worth and importance and he became an impassioned promoter of Polish culture abroad. Lutoslawski considered himself more of a philosopher rather than just as a historian of philosophy. Initially he reduced all forms of 'Weltanschauung' to only two: 'The individualist says 'I do most really exist, and besides me other beings like myself'. The universalist answers: 'Only the whole does really exist, and I am but a manifestion of being' '. As time went by, he distinguished four such forms: materialism, idealism, pantheism and monadology, otherwise referred to as individualism, spiritualism or eleutherism.
4
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Wincenty Lutoslawski's National Idea: Derivative or an Advancement of a Romantic Commonwealth of Nations?

51%
Nowak J.
Sprawy Narodowościowe
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2005
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issue 26
115-133
EN
Wincenty Lutoslawski, the Polish philosopher of the turn of the 19th century, friend of Roman Dmowski and Zygmunt Balicki, as well as a member of the National League, was associated by many of his contemporaries with the National-Democratic option. Yet even a cursory analysis of Lutoslawski's academic writings indicates his Romantic provenience and fascination with Romantic national thought. The article attempts to grasp both major similarities and differences between his approach and the reflection of his intellectual predecessors. The authoress suggests that Lutoslawski's approach is not just imitative, but constitutes an attempt (perhaps the last one) to advance a Romantic idea of the commonwealth of nations. Lutoslawski differs from the Romantics in his approach to definitions of the nation. To understand the nation in political categories is, for him, a serious mistake. The nation-state, being merely a form of political creation, should not be confused with the nation. His definition of the nation relates to a cultural model of Polish national reflection in which the most crucial role is played by national consciousness. In a tradition lasting many centuries, the supreme mission of the Polish nation has been in attracting its neighbors and establishing close ties with Poland by them. This mission should be continued in the future in order to transform peoples into 'true' nations. The basic principle for such ties was a guarantee of equality for all and the freedom to maintain the language and customs of individual tribes. Lutoslawski believes that national philosophy is a universal phenomenon and should not be confined to the one nation which is developing it. This line of thought should enable each nation to contribute to the development of universal philosophy and also the progress of all humanity. Lutoslawski's life mission was to promote the immense Polish contribution to the heritage of the thought of man.
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