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EN
The main instruments of the Activation of Educational Factors of Labour Competitiveness Growth at Labour Market are analyzed, the Organizational Mechanism of Realization of Educational factors is proposed.
EN
This paper, based on interviews with trade-union spokespersons, aims to explore the attitudes of Poland’s organised labour towards flexibility in the context of work–life balance (WLB) and low employment rates of women and seniors. It transpires, among other things, that they are cautiously in favour of flexible working practices and recognise the significance of WLB policies. Still, they come out against any major labour-code changes facilitating the propagation of far-reaching flexibility-underpinned WLB measures. While declaring their commitment to fighting age/gender discrimination and improving the position of women/seniors in the labour market, they opt for anti-discriminatory regulation and employability enhancement through training rather than such supply-side measures as employment protection legislation (EPL) and payroll taxes reduction.
EN
A monograph starts with a short introduction in which professor Wiesława Kozek wrote, ‘this book formed for a long time. Probably it was too long…’ Having read this book, I came to a conclusion that it might be an asset that Prof Kozek wrote this book without haste thus she wrote a systematic monograph which synthesizes two decades of the Polish Labour Market since its inception through the phase of institutionalisation till a firmly established institution of the labour market in Poland. Consequently, the outcome is an encyclopaedic study presenting in details intricate issues which concern not only the labour market, but other sociological aspects of labour relations. Due to the fact that a diachronic aspect is strongly emphasized in the monograph, the book became the first comprehensive history of development of the labour market in Poland after 1989.
EN
The goal of the study is to summarize shortly the complicated situation of persons of German and Hungarian nationality in Czechoslovakia after World War II on the background of their legislatively set general work obligation. An overwhelming majority of Czechoslovak Germans and Hungarians lost their citizenship due to government measures, losing all their civil, property, social and national rights by it. The study summarizes the basic legislative measures of the Czechoslovak government from 1945 and 1946 concerning persons without citizenship, in this case members of the German and Hungarian minorities who were markedly restricted also in labour-law area. It outlines the issue of forced work obligation of such persons, paying attention particularly to the mass transfer of Hungarians from Slovakia to Bohemia in the capacity as farm workers. The source base of the study consists of legislative documents from the Collection of Acts and Decrees and selected documents from the General Archive of the Czech and Moravian Confederation Trade Unions. The restrictive measures in labour-law area had stronger impact on the Czechoslovak Hungarians whose destiny had not been decided in 1945 and 1946 yet, while most Germans concerned by the restrictive measures in labour-law area were gradually displaced in 1945 and particularly in 1946, so that the Germans had to deal with the burden of the labour-law restriction and forced labour according to the needs of the state only temporarily. In connection with the transfer of the Germans, Czechoslovakia had to deal with growing absence of labour in the labour market, trying to solve it also by acquiring labour from abroad, for example by unsuccessful recruitment of Italian workers.
EN
The subject discussed in the thesis is the formation of a new social class, called precariat. The author of this expression – Guy Standing – in his ground-breaking book, entitled The Precariat: The New Dangerous Class, claims that the new group should be considered as a social class. Is it true? Having investigated the European labour market and having carefully analysed the trends set after the fi nancial crisis of 2007/2008, the thesis depicts the reasons for current unstable situation and argues for the point of view of Standing.
EN
The problem of discrimination and unequal treatment of women from culturally diverse backgrounds affects countries such as the Netherlands. The centuries of tolerance and openness to an “alien” seem to be ending. This is evidenced by numerous reports and scientific studies, statements from specialists, and experts on the issues of immigrant integration. Increasingly, feeling marginalised and deprived of development opportunities, immigrant or refugee women come to the fore. Some of them (those remaining in isolation) are represented by aid organisations, i.e. foundations, associations, volunteer groups, and the municipalities themselves. This article covers the existing issue of the increasing number of refugees and immigrants in the Netherlands, especially refugee and immigrant women towards whom, according to specialists, integration policy should be redefined.
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