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The Impact of Remittances of Ukrainian Migrants on the Stabilisation of the Economy During the Covid Crisis

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Gerlach I., Ukraynets L.

Studia Europejskie-Studies in European Affairs

2021

vol. 25

issue 3

99-114

International labour migration is a global process that has affected the populations of all countries and continents. Today, migrants face a new additional barrier - the COVID-19 pandemic, which has drastically affected all forms of human mobility. Today, labour-based migration from Ukraine is directed mainly to EU Member States. The main motives for international labour migration is the potential of earning money, financial security of the family etc. Accordingly, the consequence of international migration is the inflow of money into the country of migrant origin. Remittances from migrant workers are an important source of income for Ukraine. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an increase in migrant remittances, contributing to the development of households, human potential, the reduction of poverty and inequality, and the inflow of foreign currency. This article proposes an econometric model of the impact of migrant remittances on the stabilisation of the country's economy during the pandemic. As a result of the calculations, it was found that the income from people working abroad initially reduces the deviation of GDP from the equilibrium trend, but over time there is a clear procyclical impact. This feature is favourable for the Ukrainian economy and may mean that migrant transfers in times of crisis help to overcome the effects of global economic downturns.

A Theoretical Modelling of International Migration on the Explanation of the Nature and Motives of Labour Migrants From Ukraine to Poland

100%

Astramowicz-Leyk T., Turchyn Y., Ivasechko O.

Studia Europejskie-Studies in European Affairs

2022

vol. 26

issue 2

47-73

This article considers the concepts and theories of international migration which answer questions about the current trends of migration flows. Particular emphasis has been placed on the transformation of established perceptions of women's migration as, under the influence of globalisation in the modern system of international coordinates, there is a trend that is interpreted as the “feminisation” of international migration. Designing theories and concepts of international migration on an explanation of the motives and specifics of the adaptation of Ukrainian labour migrants in Poland offers a basis upon which to argue that each of them is appropriate for application. In addition, a theoretical modelling of migration policy has been presented. In practice, national governments use such models of migration policy as: the complete exclusion of immigration into a country or profess a “closed-door policy”, differentiated exclusion/segregation, integration as a gradual and weaker form of assimilation, the so-called “selective policy”, and the assimilation, multicultural or “open-door policy”. Future scenarios for the modelling of migration flows represented by leading international organisations have been designed. The multidimensional MIPEX Index, according to which Poland’s policy on migrants is assessed as “equality on paper”, is lower than the EU average, and, with a score of an estimated 40 points out of a possible 100, has been used to assess the trends of modern migration policy of the Republic of Poland. The new migration model of Poland leans towards a model of a differentiated integration of migrants rather than a multicultural policy or assimilation. It has been concluded that migration policy should be based on the principle of “tripartism”/scenarios (the ‘win-win-win’ concept) and benefit the donor state, the recipient state, and the migrants themselves.

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2 Studia Europejskie-Studies in European Affairs

1 2022

1 2021

1 Astramowicz-Leyk T.

1 Gerlach I.

1 Ivasechko O.

1 Turchyn Y.

1 Ukraynets L.

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The Impact of Remittances of Ukrainian Migrants on the Stabilisation of the Economy During the Covid Crisis

A Theoretical Modelling of International Migration on the Explanation of the Nature and Motives of Labour Migrants From Ukraine to Poland