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Jazykový management a teorie jazykového managementu: úvodní poznámky

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Nekvapil J., Sherman T.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2014
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vol. 75
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issue 4
245-255
EN
Against the background of various linguistic and non-linguistic fields of study, we present an initial definition of the concept of language management as an activity focused on any aspect of language or communication or on language or communication as a whole. We explain the position of Language Management Theory (LMT) as a sociolinguistic theory in relation to varying paradigms of language policy and planning. In this context, the theory’s historical origins, which extend back to the collaborative work of J. V. Neustupný and B. H. Jernudd beginning in the 1960s, are elucidated. We summarize the reflection, categorization, and integration of LMT by other authors (R. Baldauf, B. Spolsky, M. Mwaniki and others), and also present critical views of these authors’ work. We then outline the main aspects of LMT: typical contexts in which language is managed, the relationship between simple and organized management, the connection of language, communicative and sociocultural management, and the processual character of management. Finally, we briefly describe the articles contained in the issue, all of which address Central European language problems and at the same time offer considerable theoretical and methodological innovations.
2
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Management summaries and the follow-up interview in language biography research

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Sherman T., Homoláč J.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2014
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vol. 75
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issue 4
294-325
EN
This article’s main aim is to determine the advantages and limits in the utilization of a specifically developed type of follow-up method in combination with language biography interviews. The material consists of a series of language biography interviews conducted in Czech with Vietnamese women in their 20s and 30s who migrated to the Czech Republic as children, and subsequent follow-up interviews. In the language biography interviews, the participants discussed their experiences and problems connected to the acquisition and use of Czech and Vietnamese. In the follow-up interviews, selected passages from the first interviews, above all those containing management summaries (cf. Nekvapil 2004) were played back for the interviewees and their reflections sought. The analysis considers the interactional aspects of the interviewees’ responses as well as the specifics of the additional and/or reformulated management summaries contained within them. The research thus enables the formulation a set of shared language problems experienced and managed (or not) by several members of an increasingly relevant group in the Czech sociolinguistic context. It also confirms that, in the context of the individual language biography,the management summaries do not change significantly over time, rather, that interviewees merely add or leave out individual details.
3
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On the process of language problem management

72%
Lanstyák I.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2014
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vol. 75
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issue 4
325-352
EN
In this paper, I present an outline of the process of language problem management, which draws on the common elements of various models of the process of problem management in general. Since language problems are just one group of human problems occurring in various domains of life, I reached the conviction that a workable model of language problem management should build on problem management in general, while taking into account the specific features of language problems and language problem management. In considering the specific features of language problem management, I utilize a number of concepts from Language Management Theory.
4
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Přechylování příjmení v češtině jako případ jazykového managementu

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Kopecký J.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2014
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vol. 75
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issue 4
271-294
EN
The aim of the present study is to analyse the organized and simple management of the derivation of feminine counterparts from masculine surnames in Czech on the basis of Language Management Theory (LMT). Two aspects of this issue arouse controversies: 1) the use of the masculine forms of surnames instead of feminine derivatives by some Czech women; 2) the legal regulation of surname usage, which allows women to register the masculine forms of surnames only under specific conditions. On the macro-level, the activities of linguistic institutions, register offices and lawmakers are analysed, with special focus on a bill concerning registries, names and surnames, proposed by a group of senators, which would implement the liberalization of the female surname registration. The bill was ultimately rejected by the Czech senate. On the micro-level, online discussions concerned with feminine surnames and related legal aspects are examined, focusing on participants’ noting and evaluation. Different standpoints, argumentation and language ideologies behind the employed arguments are presented. Some theoretical problems of LMT are also discussed, such as the cooperation of different participants during a single language management act, various forms of noting, or the language management approach to legislative processes.
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