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  1. 1 Listy filologické (Folia philologica)

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Stopy nejstaršího českého překladu epištol

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Vintr J.
Listy filologické (Folia philologica)
|
2016
|
vol. 139
|
issue 1-2
57-72
EN
In surveying archaisms occurring in the New Testament Epistle pericopes of the Olomouc Evangelistary / Lectionary (EvOl), the present study confirms and elaborates on J. Vašica’s suggestion that these pericopes testify to the existence of an Old Czech translation of Epistle passages that must have been older than the translation of the complete Epistles preserved in the first redaction of the Old Czech Bible. The Epistle pericopes for the Sundays of Advent, the Holy Days of Christmas and some Sundays in the interval before the beginning of the Season of Lent can be identified as the oldest ones. Surprisingly, Iohannes Hus’ Leccionarium Bipartitum contains interlinear translations of Epistle pericopes exclusively for the same Sundays and Holy days. The source of both these literary monuments must have been some old Latin lectionary containing interlinear translations of pericopes for Sundays and most important Holy days of the liturgical year. Traces of the oldest Epistle translation in EvOl are especially noticeable in the reading for the Quinquagesima Sunday in the so-called Laudatio caritatis (1Cor. 13). Particularly striking is the occurrence of the archaism milost standing for Latin caritas, which was replaced by láska in later translations, the reason being the ambiguity of word milost, since it was used as an equivalent for gratia as well. In our opinion, there existed no complete translation of all the Epistles before the first redaction of the Old Czech Bible but Gospel and Epistle passages intended to be read on Sundays and Holy days had been translated in the first half of the 14th Century already. The codex EvOl is currently attributed to the Augustinian Canonesses of Olomouc, not the Clarissian nuns. We further suggest that it could initially have belonged to the Augustinian Canonesses of the West Moravian monastery of Doubravník.
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