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ON THE PROBLEMS OF LATE PALEOLITHIC SETTLEMENT IN NORTHERN SLOVAKIA. EXAMPLE OF STARA LUBOVNA SITE

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Valde-Nowak P., Sojak M., Was M.

Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)

2007

vol. 55

issue 1

1-22

Existing state of research on the Late Palaeolithic in Spis is not satisfactory. Majority of sites were explored by reconnaissance only. International archaeological excavations in 2005 was realised at the site of Stara Lubovna at Pod Stokom I position, north-eastern part of Spis, over the river Poprad right-bank terrace. The site geological substratum is the Inner Carpathian Palaeogene, on which Quarterian terrace of the river Poprad has been preserved. The area of 5 x 10 m was explored at the site with considerable accumulation of chipped stone artefacts. Typology of the chipped stone industry from the reconnaissance and the control trench allows to separate several 'technological components' - Neolithic, Swiderian, Magdalenian, Epigravettian(?) and Middle Palaeolithic ones. A pseudo-Levalloisian point is the Middle Palaeolithic artefact. Several massive blades and a blade core with flat platform are Epigravettian. A point with flat retouch on its tang, that is characteristic for the Swiderian culture, is a distinct form of typology. Explicit contacts with the Magdalenian culture, with analogies mainly on the territories of Poland, Moravia and Switzerland, are in the group of typical cores and implements. Macrolithic forms of burins and some types of borers are characteristic. Connections to the closest workshop of the Magdalenian culture for working of radiolarite raw material at the site Sromowce-Wyzne Katy 1 and Sromowce-Wyzne 8 are relevant. As far as the used raw materials are concerned, red Pieniny radiolarite predominates followed by manganese, green and flysh Jaslo radiolarites; other less frequent raw materials are Bircza flint, Cretaceous, Volhynian and Jurassic flints, rarely obsidian and limnoquartzite. Raw material composition of artifacts from the territory of present-day Poland can indicate the settlement that originally lived at the Carpathians northern side. The raw material spectrum is colourful, what is characteristic for 'Carpathian provenience of chipped artifacts'. The entire inventory was subjected to the refittings method. Majority of the chipped stone industry from Stara Lubovna belongs to the Magdalenian technocomplex. Presence of the Magdalenian culture at Spis has been for the first time indicated by older finds from Haligovce-Aksamitka but they have no support in significant finds. Proving of the settlement of the Magdalenian culture bearers in northern Slovakia has changed the extend of this culture at its entire space.

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1 Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)

1 2007

1 Sojak M.

1 Valde-Nowak P.

1 Was M.

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ON THE PROBLEMS OF LATE PALEOLITHIC SETTLEMENT IN NORTHERN SLOVAKIA. EXAMPLE OF STARA LUBOVNA SITE