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EN
Because of the change in demographic structure there are more and more elderly people in Poland. They develop illnesses common in old age. From Alzheimer's disease suffer about 250 thousands of people in Poland. Each one, according to the phase of the disease should be provided with round-the-clock supervision. The vast majority of caregivers in our country are family members. However, the time of caregiving becomes for the guide a time of gradual removal from the society. It weakens guardian's bounds with other members of the family, make them resign from taking part in political, social and cultural life as well as causes a considerable aggravation of mental and physical health. Lack of efficient help system excludes and marginalise guardians.
EN
The paper addresses the issue of the marginalisation of an ethnic group. The example taken is the Czech community in Bratislava in the period from 1919 to 1945, when it underwent processes of adaptation to the new social milieu and marginalisation as a result of political development in Slovakia. The question is how the Slovak environment accepted Czech migrants and how they managed to come to terms with it, how their social acceptation changed, why they became a political problem, how they became a marginalised social group and how the Slovak government, which emerged in 1938 as a result of political changes, took account of them. This paper does not merely aim, however, to analyse the degree of their adaptation and the gradual process of marginalisation: there is also an attempt to make information available about this little-known aspect of the history of the city.
EN
Poland's integration with EU may mark the beginning of changes important for the Polish rural community, in the result of which both farmers and rural areas will stop playing the role of convincing examples of 'marginalization' and 'social exclusion'. Such vision will not materialize unless the rural community records a substantial growth in capital - economic, social and human. The authoress tries to diagnose the condition that these three types of capital were in prior to accession and considers the possible role that may be played in their development by the EU's agricultural and structural policy and the attitudes of farmers and rural inhabitants themselves. She also draws attention to the role of 'political capital' that is still being used by farmers for the purpose of lobbying. The results of opinion polls and qualitative surveys quoted by the authoress confirm the correctness of a thesis about the change of the farmers' attitude towards the European Union, but this change does not signify the farmers' resignation from pragmatism and rational assessment of the complex consequences of Poland's accession to EU.
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