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World Literature Studies
|
2017
|
vol. 9
|
issue 3
14 – 28
EN
Over the past two decades, the “affective turn” has substantially influenced different humanities such as political theory, sociology, cognitive psychology and aesthetics. Literary studies, however, take a rather distant stance, overlooking affects as unanalysable emotional responses or mere reader’s affections. Drawing on recent works in media philosophy, film theory and visual anthropology, this paper addresses the questions of what exactly affects do with language and how they operate within a literary text. The first part briefly sketches the strong and weak points of the affective turn and the second part develops the most fruitful concepts relating affects to their forms and transmissions. In order to expand on Ernst van Alphen’s list of the affective operations, the third part examines a few corporeal figures in Edgar Allan Poe’s short stories, exploring their affective mediality triggered by various repetitive patterns. Finally, a hypothesis of the aesthetic nature of affects exceeding borders between different media and aesthetic forms is offered.
EN
In the 1950s, Christian thought was dominated by the 'debate on sacred art', in which numerous radical and dogmatic viewpoints on the 'revival' of religious art clashed. A group of Benedictine monks challenged the status quo and proposed a new approach to the issue; they laid down their ideas in an art review, which soon became a real publishing enterprise. Zodiaque publications enjoyed wide popularity for nearly fifty years, thanks to their use of photographs, which conveyed history much more poignantly than words. Architecture and sculpture thus gradually became independent of text, and at the same time thoroughly reshaped it. They created new, autonomous features, as if 'anointing' the book as an object; it now became both an object of aesthetic contemplation and an instrument of discovering national heritage.
EN
The traditional Slovak repertoire includes two groups of ballads, differing in terms of genesis and development: ballads from the oral tradition, and ballads with a model in printed song sheets. The category of song type provided the starting point for a study of their variability, making it possible to follow the variant process in a broader circle of song variants. In three selected cases the author has been able to illustrate the forms in which the variant process affected several layers of the song structure, the textual poetics, and the musical style. Besides variant changes of the action and its episodes, there was also a regrouping of features relating to type and musical style, resulting from the song’s adaptation to a different singing occasion. These changes prove that the ballad’s variability is closely connected with the genesis and development of the song type and also with the social function of singing.
EN
Prestigious Oral Arabic, the substandard non-colloquial oral medium of the present-day Arab cultural elite, is an unstable linguistic entity with diffuse structural contours. The following inquiry aims at creating a tentative structural model of this emerging linguistic medium in terms of its deviation from the synthetic norm of Standard Arabic. It aims at defining its position in the recent system of diglossia.
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