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  1. 2 Studia Philosophiae Christianae

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  1. 2 2010

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  1. 1 Baranski J.

  2. 1 Kapusta A.

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Karla Jaspersa projekt psychopatologii

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Kapusta A.
Studia Philosophiae Christianae
|
2010
|
vol. 46
|
issue 2
105-128
EN
In the article Karl Jaspers' view on psychopathology and understanding of mental illness is presented. The reconstruction of General Psychopathology assumptions aims at 1) elucidating Jaspers' thesis referring to the ability of understanding psychoses, 2) presenting his methodological pluralism, and 3) 'horizons of psychopathology': the view on possibility to objectify human psyche and self-consciousness; 4) presenting the difficulties with the definition of the concept of mental illness, 5) revealing existential limits of scientific research on psychopathology. For better elucidation of Jaspers' view it is compared it with 'the engaged epistemology': a framework that allows to comprehend the specific character and various dimensions of psychiatric disorders. The detailed description of Karl Jaspers's psychiatric account shows his major contribution to the development of psychiatry as well as to the methodological awareness of psychiatrists and philosophers of psychiatry.
2

Medykalizacja zachowań społecznych, czyli o utopii szczęśliwej duszy

100%
Baranski J.
Studia Philosophiae Christianae
|
2010
|
vol. 46
|
issue 2
151-164
EN
The possibilities of therapeutic control of the nervous system encourage the trend towards the medicalization of social behaviors. It involves an interpretation of the emotions and human behavior in medical terms and accepting a possibility to change them by pharmacological therapy. Emotional expressions or non typical behavior that do not comply with the generally accepted standards recognized by medical experts, are defined as a disease (illness), or psychiatric disorders. The consequence of medical treatment of the mental disorders is an addiction to pharmacological agents that modify not only the behavior of the person but also their perception of themselves, and others, and their experience of the world. Compliance with social norms of behavior leads to the recognition of pharmacologically derived agitation or restraining, as normal and desirable. Moreover, a result of medicalization of social behavior is the belief that through chemical control of the central nervous system mental transformation can be achieved. Therefore, a manifestation of joy and openness, lack of sadness, fear, and grief, as well as resistance to stress is a social norm. Behind this norm there is the concept of health which is mental welfare obtained irrespective of the social environment in which somebody lives. This is a project of a happy soul, which seeks to ensure happiness of those who have lost it, peace to those who, because of others hitherto untreated, were restless.
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