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EN
Misogyny has existed within Western literature since always, but one can observe its particular intensification at the turn of the 19-th century. The Teutonic philosophical tradition has created a very special sort of imaginary misogyny. Intellectual circles of Vienna come to the fore in this context. This tendency accompanies the great crisis of Western masculinity that according to many scholars was increasing in that time. According to Jacques Le Rider the crisis of masculinity and misogyny were felt in fin de siecle Vienna in a very strong way. The main goal of the study is to examine the attitude towards women of the most important Czech modernist poets against the Vienna background. The study tries to answer the question if poetry of Czech modernism was from the point of view of misogyny only another copy of Vienna pattern.
EN
Aleksandr Kuprin’s prose has become a part of literary and cultural-philosophical discourse at the turn of the 19th/20th centuries. At that time showing sexual and corporeal nature, also the one of the woman, was the main manner to portray oneself and the times. The writer describes a wide range of representatives of the fair sex in his works. Woman’s body is seen in a multidimensional way by the writer. It enables him to answer important questions, among others on the meaning of life and death. Moreover, woman’s body, its beauty or ugliness is a point of departure for deliberations on family, woman’s place, roles and rights in society at that time, as well as for sexual and material emancipation of women, an ideal of feminine beauty along with relativity of beauty and ugliness. It also forms the basis for criticism of bourgeois culture with its double morality, which, while exposing the woman to the process of socialization, incapacitated her and made her a movable property of her father first and then her husband, furthermore depriving her of the right to express her own sexuality.
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EN
The paper presents cases, found in Polish academic life, of exceptional and moving violations of moral standards bound with the ideal of a scholar. These cases were made public by actors themselves (Wincenty Lutoslawski, Eugeniusz Romer), uncompromising historians (Henryk Barycz, Stanislaw Pigon) or widely known decision-makers (Rev. Bronislaw Zongollowicz). They argued that the ethics of scholars has not only normative character, but also a descriptive one, in many cases different that normative decisions. So conceived normative ethics should encompass the intimate life, particularly if it were made public due to a scandal. Such a scandal should call not condemnation, but intellectual reflection.
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