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1

SADNESS AND HAPPINESS IN SPEECH

100%
Szabo E.
Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)
|
2008
|
vol. 63
|
issue 4
691-708
EN
It is an old experience that emotions modify the human voice, the speech style. Autobiographical recall and music was used in this study to induce sad and happy emotional states. Participants told happy, natural and sad stories about themselves, and half-minute-long periods of each story were analysed phonetically with the program Praat. The authoress studied how speech parameters like duration of silent pauses, rate of the pauses to the whole speech, articulation rate, fundamental frequency and its variety, intensity and its variety were modified by emotions. Results show that emotions have measurable effects on speech. A tendency-level difference was found between sad, natural and happy emotional states. Calculating with the parameters one at a time significant differences were found: in sad emotional states intensity and rate of articulation decreased, further duration of pauses and their relation to the whole speech extended, compared with the happy states. Compared with the natural state there was only one significant difference: rate of articulation decreased.
2

AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL MEMORY RESPONSE TO A NEGATIVE MOOD IN THOSE WITH/WITHOUT A HISTORY OF DEPRESSION

86%
Mitchell A. E. P.
Studia Psychologica
|
2015
|
vol. 57
|
issue 3
229 – 241
EN
In this study, we investigated the accessibility of over general autobiographical memories (OGM) and specific memories by observing the effects of induced negative mood state on the characteristics of memory recall in those with and without a previous history of a depression. The Sentence Completion for Events from the Past Test (SCEPT) was used to assess OGM. The effects of previous history of depression (without history or with previous history of depression) and self-reported mood (pre or post negative mood induction) on autobiographical recall were shown in a mixed factor design. A significant interaction was observed between time and group in their effects on general memories (F(1, 32) = 5.06, p = .032) and specific memory (F(1, 32) = 4.88, p = .034), such that the previous history of depression group experienced a larger increase in general memory and a larger reduction in specific memory from pre to post manipulation.
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