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1

FATHERLESS SONS (ABOUT SEEKING SLOVAK NATIONAL IDENTITY IN THE PERIOD OF ROMANTICISM) (Synovia bez otcov. O hladani slovenskej narodnej identity v obdobi romantizmu)

100%
Bilinska I.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
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2009
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vol. 56
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issue 1
15-27
EN
The aim of the study is to show, through surveying functions of using motif of a father in works of selected Slovak authors of Romanticism (Janko Kral, Andrej Sladkovic, Jan Botto and the others), the process of how the Slovak identity was formed. The study represents only surveying of problems and that is why it results only in preliminary conclusions. Relationship to fatherhood is depicted in the article in several levels: as relationship of authors to their own origin and also to their biological fathers; but mainly as their relationship to their literary ancestors and to the version of Slovak national history that was typical for Romanticism. The preliminary view on selected texts, primary goals and ideas of the Slovak Romanticism as well as on the extra-literary activities of the authors of the Slovak Romanticism allows us to conclude that their relationships were mostly complicated, rebellious and negative both to their ancestors and also to their own fathers who were low-born. The process resulted in substitution of the idea of fatherhood by the idea of motherhood that became foundational for Slovak romantic mythology as well as for just being formed Slovak national identity.
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Dobrovolné mateřství bez partnera

100%
Kozlova L., Tomanova N.
Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)
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2005
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vol. 6
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issue 1
31-35
EN
In contemporary Czech society the changes of reproduction patterns take place. They are characterised by postponing the marriage and parenthood. So called informal partnerships or unmarried couples are becoming more frequent which also results in a growing number of birth of extra-marital children. The number of women with children without partner is growing, too. The authoresses differ three types of them: widows, divorced women and women who voluntary want to have child without long-term partner. The third type of women is usually middle age, around 35 years old, they are succesfull in their jobs and they have enough financial resources to bring up child by themself. The paper is based on pilot survey where 118 women took part. Respondents insist that woman can rear the child as good as both parents can do. However the specialists dispute this statement. According to psychologists children need both parents and the role of father cannot be easily substituted. Thus, the phenomenon of single parent family has to be considered within the complex set of conditions. (http://www.genderonline.cz/view.php?cisloclanku=2006011603)
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Специфіка реалізації жіночої суб’єктивності в поезії Маріанни Кіяновської (на матеріалі збірки Книга Адама)

100%
Шаф О.
Slavica Wratislaviensia
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2010
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vol. 152
89-97
EN
The article examines the essential principles of feministic poetry of Marianna Kijanovska (on the example of the collected poems „Book of Adam”) with relation to realization of woman’s subjectivity, which is founded on the articulation of specific woman’s experience of motherhood, negation of the patriarchal religious-cultural myth, the use of the alternative poetic language.
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CHILD-CENTRED NARRATIVES OF POLISH MIGRANT MOTHERS: CROSS-GENERATIONAL IDENTITY CONSTRUCTIONS ABROAD

100%
Pustułka P.
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
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2014
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vol. 40
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issue 3(153)
151-170
EN
Child-centred narratives of Polish migrant mothers: cross-generational identity constructions abroad Delineating narrative accounts of Polish migrant mothers, the article discusses lives of contemporary family migrants to Germany and the UK. Focusing on children, it looks at current and future ethnic identity orientations of the children of Polish parents raised abroad, as they are envisioned by their mothers. The discussions are embedded in a broader context of empirically-driven mothering strategies, with the distinctions between four models presented to showcase what possible reasoning and/or outcomes certain parenting practices may entail. Dynamics of foreign/local and familiar/distant elements of parenting are addressed, highlighting a continuum of orientations towards home, destination country or both locales. In addition, the paper argues that children’s centrality is evident in maternal accounts, calling for a family-focused orientation in future research into Polish post-2004 migrants.
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O kobietach i matkach. Elisabeth Badinter o kryzysie kobiecej tożsamości

100%
Michna N. A.
Kwartalnik Filozoficzny
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2014
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vol. 42
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issue 3
133-154
EN
The work considers the problem of feminine identity in the contemporary world. Modern discussion about the feminine identity is still alive and lead by most active feminists. One of them is Elisabeth Badinter, a French feminist, historian and professor of philosophy at the École Polytechnique in Paris. Her standpoint is called liberal feminism and it accepts all achievements of modern naturalism and pro-maternity organization of La Leche League. Badinter’s main contention is that women themselves are responsible for the crisis of their feminine identity. Presenting this radical statement, the work shows various roots of feminist philosophy, indicating in particular the existentialist thought of Simone de Beauvoir, who was the first to speak about ab independent feminine identity. In addition, it is crucial to compare Badinter with another modern liberal feminist, Betty Friedan, with a view to showing that the problem of feminine identity is essential in modern feminist philosophy.
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ODKLADANIE MATERSTVA NA SLOVENSKU V GENERAČNEJ PERSPEKTÍVE

88%
Šprocha B., Ďurček P.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2018
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vol. 50
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issue 5
550 – 578
EN
Fertility postponement is one of the most important trends in the demographic behaviour in Slovakia after collapse of previous political regime. The reproduction model which was primarily characterized by early motherhood began to diminish in late 1960s and with every new generation, it loses further ground. It is manifested in continuous rise in cohort mean age at first birth and a significant intergenerational drop in the cohort fertility rate. The benchmark analysis of cohort fertility has enabled us to analyse in detail the onset of the fertility postponement transition in Slovakia, as well as its dynamics and ultimate extent. We have also been able to identify the differences in the recuperation of the deferred births. Our analysis has confirmed that the earliest onset of fertility postponement can be found in Slovakia among women born in the first half of the 1970s. The formation of a new reproductive model in younger ages culminates in cohorts born in the 1980s. It also appears that the main cause of cohort fertility decline is caused by the low level of recuperation of second and higher births. The first order fertility is the most affected by the postponement process, but most of these deferred births are born in higher ages. Therefore the most important for the future development of fertility in Slovakia will be on how successful will women born in the 1970s and 1980s were in carrying out their deferred second pregnancies.
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Mateřství na dálku. Transnacionální mateřství ukrajinských migrantek v České republice

88%
Ezzeddine P.
Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)
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2012
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vol. 13
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issue 1
24-32
EN
The Czech Republic is chosen by Ukrainian transnational mothers as a destination for their economic migration, mainly because it is possible, due to the geographical distance, to conduct a circulation migration between the two countries. The life “here” and “there” and the mobility of female labor migration gives, on the one hand, Ukrainian mothers the possibility of coordinating productive and reproductive work but, on the other hand, they are “trapped” in the net of unskilled work, and it is hard for them to get a stable job position. I analyze how gender operates in transnational spaces, and what impacts it has on the experience of motherhood. I describe how transnational Ukrainian mothers narratively construct and emphasize their experiences with transnational motherhood.
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Cielesność a psychiczno-duchowy wymiar macierzyństwa. Dramaty Lady Kaštelan i Ivany Sajko

88%
Abrasowicz G.
Slavica Wratislaviensia
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2011
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vol. 153
199-209
EN
The text deals with the contemporary Croatian dramas by Lada Kaštelan (The Last Link, Before Sleep) and Ivana Sajko (23rd Kitten, Woman-bomb). They are presented as interesting examples of “maternity literature” and illustrations of different, often shown in an unusual way, aspects of motherhood. They also provide confirmation of correctness that in this experience the realm of biological, psychological and spiritual are strongly correlated with each other, they coexist and collaborate. Croatian playwrights demonstrated new models of extra/ordinary female identity and different, undesirable, non-performing aspects of motherhood that concern the woman’s body, psyche and spirituality. In this very interesting way the authors tried to redefine and reinterpret the existing regulation of motherhood. These works reveal that maternity remained a contested terrain despite its association with an increasingly standardized set of values and expose the negotiations about the cultural meanings of family, womanhood and motherhood. Furthermore, they explore and challenge conventional maternal ideology and expose gaps in the mythology of ideal motherhood. Lada Kaštelan and Ivana Sajko analyse the various problems relating to the maternity function or distortions of motherhood, as well as use the examples of very distinct physical anomalies associated with the images of pregnancy, childbirth, raising a child and at the same time they research the categories of natural — unnatural — supernatural motherhood.
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Kobiece ciało przez pryzmat twórczości Aleksandra Kuprina

88%
Bielniak N.
Slavica Wratislaviensia
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2011
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vol. 153
279-288
EN
Aleksandr Kuprin’s prose has become a part of literary and cultural-philosophical discourse at the turn of the 19th/20th centuries. At that time showing sexual and corporeal nature, also the one of the woman, was the main manner to portray oneself and the times. The writer describes a wide range of representatives of the fair sex in his works. Woman’s body is seen in a multidimensional way by the writer. It enables him to answer important questions, among others on the meaning of life and death. Moreover, woman’s body, its beauty or ugliness is a point of departure for deliberations on family, woman’s place, roles and rights in society at that time, as well as for sexual and material emancipation of women, an ideal of feminine beauty along with relativity of beauty and ugliness. It also forms the basis for criticism of bourgeois culture with its double morality, which, while exposing the woman to the process of socialization, incapacitated her and made her a movable property of her father first and then her husband, furthermore depriving her of the right to express her own sexuality.
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Neplnohodnotné matky? Imperatív dobrej matky a participácia matiek maloletých detí na trhu práce

88%
Potancokova M.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2009
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vol. 45
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issue 1
61-89
EN
Numerous studies have confirmed that caring for small children is still the domain of women in Slovakia. Maternity as such is considered the natural and expected role of women and is part of the construction of femininity in Slovak society. At the same time, it is expected and routine that Slovak women participate in the labour market, and the prevailing form of employment is full-time work. This complicates efforts to harmonise work with the need to care for a small child. It is not just the country's legislative and institutional framework that shape notions about caring for small children; they are also influenced by the views and attitudes of society towards this issue. The image of a good mother is constructed, and women then try to approximate it when performing their maternal role. The prevailing ideal is of a mother who devotes herself full-time to caring for a child for the first three years of the child's life. The authoress of this article focuses on the context surrounding the construction of the image of a good mother as one who cares for her child until the age of three, and examines how the image of the good mother is reflected in the opinions of women on returning to work and on work/life balance. The data in this analysis are drawn from public opinion polls about early childcare and the reality of caring for small children in Slovakia and from in-depth interviews with mothers of small children. The mothers are aware of the views of society, reflect on them, and many try to fulfil them so that they are perceived as 'good' and not 'inadequate' mothers.
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VÝZNAM OBŘADU ŽEHNÁNÍ MATKY PO PORODU

88%
Vlčková M.
Studia theologica
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2013
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vol. 15
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issue 1
36–46
EN
This work deals with the significance of the ceremony of blessing the mother after birth. It focuses primarily on the liturgical ceremony of blessing the mother, its development in history and its significance in liturgical-theological and socio-cultural terms. The concept of blessing the mother is used here as a term including both the ceremony known as introduction to confinement – introductio mulieris post partum, (or benedictio mulieris post partum), the history of which reaches back to the liturgy of the Catholic church in the 11th century and ends with the Second Vatican Council, and the forms of blessing the mother revived as part of the liturgical reform of the Second Vatican Council; the blessing prayer at the end of the baptismal ceremonies for the baptism of the child and Ordo benedictionis mulieris post partum in accordance with the new Benedictional (1984). The work is concluded by a reflection on the present and future practice of blessing the mother.
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NEPLÁNOVANÝ ODKLAD MATEŘSTVÍ DO VYŠŠÍHO VĚKU V ŽIVOTNÍ DRÁZE ČESKÝCH ŽEN

88%
Slabá J., Kocourková J., Šťastná A.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2021
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vol. 53
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issue 1
49 – 70
EN
The postponement of fertility has been observed in Czechia since the beginning of the 1990s. This paper employed a mixed-method approach that focused on the various reasons for unplanned postponement. The survey data describes the quantity of the occurrence of unplanned postponement for declared reasons, while the in-depth interviews serve to describe the relationships between the stated reasons. The qualitative research confirms the expectation of the sequential characteristics of postponement; at younger ages, individually-motivated reasoning was found to be common, followed by partner-motivated reasoning and, finally, by health-motivated reasoning. Additionally, individually-motivated reasoning represents the postponement due to the re-evaluation of a plan, while partner-motivated and health-motivated reasoning can be considered as unplanned postponement.
13
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Liberální matka Božena Němcová?

75%
Bahenská M.
Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)
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2012
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vol. 99
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issue 3
307-318
EN
The preserved correspondence of Božena Němcová can be used as a source for an analysis of her attitude to her children. The letters enable us to reflect if these attitudes diverged from the conventions of the time, to what degree her personal experiences reflected in her raising of the children and what priorities she envisioned for them. The principles Němcová quoted can be to a certain degree seen as representing a clash of only slowly changing social norms (i.e. the notion of the patriarchal family with father-provider) and the rapidly changing social and economic reality. Němcová herself was forced to submit to the economic situation of her family and through her own income tried to improve its situation. As for the raising of the children, she mostly advocated traditional views. However, we can consider modern her conviction of the importance of first-rate education, without regard to gender. As for the future professions of her children, she viewed this question in a practical way, considering the possibilities for professional fulfilment and salary. There is a marked difference in the approach of Němcová to her sons and to her only daughter, influenced of course by the fact of their greater or shorter distance from home, but also probably by certain traditional and gender-stereotypical thinking. The educational style of Němcová should not be considered liberal, as she most often reminded her children of their duties, moral principles, obedience, respect and responsibility.
14
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NURSES, MOTHERS, SISTERS: RELATIONAL RESILIENCE AND HEALING VULNERABILITY IN EMMA DONOGHUE’S THE WONDER AND THE PULL OF THE STARS

75%
Borham-Puyal M.
World Literature Studies
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2023
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vol. 15
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issue 2
31 – 43
EN
Discussing two novels by acclaimed author Emma Donoghue, The Wonder (2016) and The Pull of the Stars (2020), this article hopes to attest the ways in which these works illustrate two opposing forms of resilience and vindicate vulnerability as a path to healing. On the one hand, it will discuss how Donoghue’s work exposes an individual resilience based on notions such as endurance and duty, triggered by professional standards or a religious zeal, in which vulnerability is equated with weakness or incapacity. In this conception of resilience, the trauma of war or sexual abuse is forcibly silenced, and individuals are required to survive and adapt. On the other hand, it will address how she explores the potential of vulnerability, understood as a relational quality, to facilitate greater resilience, even if it exposes humans to pain and loss.
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ROZDÍL V ODMĚŇOVÁNÍ ŽEN A MUŽŮ, EFEKT RODIČOVSTVÍ A PREKARITY

63%
Pospíšilová K., Vohlídalová M.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2022
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vol. 54
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issue 3
244 – 277
EN
The paper focuses on how parenthood (measured by the number of children) contributes to the high level of gender pay gap (GPG) in the Czech Republic and how is it shaped by precarious work contracts. The analysis is based on a questionnaire survey of a representative sample of 1119 respondents aged 20 to 55 years. Sequential testing of regression models proved that number of children affects significantly the size of a GPG, even after controlling for several factors. The interaction between gender and the number of children explains 22% of the total GPG for hourly wages and 30% of the total GPG for monthly wages. Parenthood plays a key role, especially among precarious workers, where it explains about 49% of the total GPG.
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Jana Pawła II nauczanie o rodzicielstwie

63%
Mazur J.
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
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2011
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vol. 3(39)
119-138
EN
In the teachings of John Paul II the category of parenthood, considered from a philosophical, religious, social, moral or cultural perspective, is always integrally connected with such concepts as marriage and family, fatherhood, motherhood and posterity. The meaning of these notions blends with the truth about man which has its roots in the human nature and its deeper meaning in the Christian Revelation. The Pope’s teaching in this respect may and should be interpreted in the light of Christian personalism, with special focus on two key notions – that of a person and a gift (the sincere gift of self). John Paul II devotes much attention to the issue of responsible parenthood, connected with the idea of the civilization of love, and education which can be viewed as continuation of parenthood. Education then is before all else a reciprocal “offering” on the part of both parents. The Pope sees the parental function as a service to life, which leads to revelation of life. This takes place in the family circle, envisioned as the “sanctuary of life”. He shares the observation that nowadays these sanctuaries of life not infrequently undergo deep and manifold crisis. Fatherhood and motherhood seem to be in the very centre of this crisis, especially due to profanation of family’s sacredness resulting from contraception, abortion, in vitro fertilization, divorces, sexual education devoid of ideals and the like. These sanctuaries of life are at times entirely devastated. Their dilapidation is a process intended by various international centres – numerous feminist, pro-abortion and gay organizations, just to mention some. Source materials which serve as a basis for presented reflections are first and fore most the following: The apostolic exhortation Familiaris consortio of November 22, 1981; the apostolic Letter Mulieris dignitatem of August 15, 1988; the letter to Families from Pope John Paul II Gratissimam sane of February 2, 1994 and the encyclical Evangelium vitae of March 25, 1995. Attached to the abovementioned documents is also 1983 Charter of the Rights of the Family, aimed especially at the countries, organisations and institutions responsible for the situation of the family in today’s world.
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