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1

RYTMICKÉ CÍTENIE V SCÉNICKOM DIELE. ESTETICKÁ A MIMOESTETICKÁ FUNKCIA SCÉNICKÉHO UMENIA VYCHÁDZAJÚCA Z RITUÁLNEJ PODSTATY DIVADLA A MYTOLOGICKÝCH ZDROJOV DRÁMY NA POČIATKU 20. STOROČIA

100%

Kovalčíková P.

Slovenské divadlo (Slovak Theatre)

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2019

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vol. 67

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issue 2

129 – 144

EN

The study focuses on the penetration of ritual elements into contemporary performance art. Reflection of the discussed topics focuses on the period of modernism and postmodernism in the Western cultural context, while the documentation of phenomena is based primarily on the theatrical experiments of the creators of the first and second theatrical reforms.

2

MYTHOLOGY IN THE CONTEMPORARY LIFE OF NORTH-RUSSIAN VILLAGES (Mytoloogilist pohjavene kylaelus tanapaeval)

100%

Ilyina T., Toporkov A.

Mäetagused

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2009

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vol. 42

77-90

EN

The article, which is based on materials collected in the course of the four summer expeditions of the Marc Bloch Russian-French Centre for Historical Anthropology (RSUH) in 2003-2006, attempts to answer the question to which degree have mythological conceptions preserved their topicality among the population of North-Russian villages; which folklore texts have been actively preserved in their repertoire; and how these texts have been adapted in modern life. Relying on informant narratives, the authors agree that irrespective of the introduction of general literacy and mass media and even at the onset of the 21st century, many women in these North-Russian villages still live as if in an enchanted world where there is no clear boundary between the living and the dead, where the forests are the realm of spirits of nature, and family conflicts are believed to result from the casting of 'evil eye' by some elderly female relative. The majority of the narratives have been collected from women and specifically reflect women's perspective to the situation. While the main focus of the article is dream narratives, the authors also discuss the topicality of mythological beliefs for the modern people. In the community which has been deprived of religious understanding of what will happen after death, dreams play a rather important role because they are the only available and the most trustworthy evidence of the world beyond the grave. The content of these beliefs, however, is bound to transform in a society where churches have been demolished, icons have been destroyed or removed, and atheism has been officially endorsed for dozens of years. Despite contemporary adaptations, the texts collected by the authors are rather archaic in nature. The fact that they are still part of active repertoire points to the viability of folk culture in the villages under investigation. And still, rituals such as communicating with the deceased relatives or casting an 'evil eye' at weddings continue to be practised not because of sociological or cultural reasons but also of personal psychology. It could be agreed that individual mythology feeds on isolation and misfortune in life.

3

ROLAND BARTHES A VÁCLAV HAVEL JAKO SPIKLENCI LITERATURY – K PRINCIPU LITERÁRNÍ PŘESVĚDČIVOSTI

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Češka J.

World Literature Studies

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2018

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vol. 10

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issue 2

69 – 79

EN

The study focuses on the reflection of quasi-argumentative strategies based on narrative. Nevertheless, the narrative perspective is not reflected by the authors, it is even published as a rational argumentation core. In contrast to secret narratives, I build a purposefully composed literary work that reveals the neglected aspects of human existence (using imagination). At the same time, I express the hypothesis in which the persuasiveness of literature lies: the deprivation of the author’s subject, which happens by placing the reader in the imaginary perspective of narration. In the extrapolation I see Roland Barthes and Václav Havel as conspirators of literature (they are hiding literary investment in their essayist contemplation) against Kundera’s straightforward and admitted art of the novel.

4

FIGURE OF OUR LADY AS A SYMBOL OF RESISTANCE IN POLISH NATIONAL MYTHOLOGY (Obraz Panny Marie ako symbol odporu v polskej narodnej mytologii)

100%

Niedzwiedz A.

Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)

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2008

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vol. 56

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issue 4

373-387

EN

It is very interesting to observe that the popular vision of a nation and its past has a very strong religious dimension in the Polish case. Sacred and profane visions of time, cyclical and linear, mythical and real are mixed together. Religious symbols are often tied strictly with the national discourse, so it is difficult to distinguish which symbols are more religious, and which are more national. A good example can be the image of Our Lady of Czestochowa which is often described and treated as a national emblem.The symbol of Our Lady of Czestochowa was adopted by Solidarity and also by the resistance movement of the 1980s in Poland.

5

Pojem lévistraussovské "torze"

100%

Vrhel F.

Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)

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2008

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vol. 95

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issue 4

369-382

EN

The article is focusing on Levi-Straussian concept of 'la torsion' (the twist), which was for a long time fairly neglected by the structuralist criticism. The article consists in three parts. The first one is dedicated to the 'torsion' in the context of Claude Levi-Strauss' works; the second part is trying to take into account different interpretations of the 'twist' within the frame of Canonic Formula, and the third one raises the question about the meaning of the Levi-Straussian twist, which emerges - in view of the present author - as an exponent of crosscultural horizon.

6

Political Symbolism of Slovakia: Between the Cross and European Star

100%

Mihalikova S.

Sociológia (Sociology)

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2005

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vol. 37

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issue 6

529-554

EN

Focusing on political symbolism, the authoress analyses how the representation of Slovakia and its citizens is constructed in both national and international contexts. The images of country, nation, or state as well as various forms of their symbolic representation are created mainly by so-called 'cultural elites'. The aim of this study is to identify the maintenance of and ruptures in the construction of self-images and stereotypes in the realms of political memory and mythology. She identifies major trends, such as the effort to 'people' Slovak history with hero-martyrs and the constant prevalence of self-critical approaches to Slovak national identity building. In historical accounts, Slovaks have usually been characterised according to their plebeian origins and embedded 'Christian-Catholic' traditions and values. Successful reconstruction of political memory has been accomplished through organised collective remembering and forgetting. Within these processes, Slovaks attempt to redefine their national identity by manifesting the symbolic representation of their state in the form of official state symbols (sign, flag, or anthem); and by establishing state holidays and memorial days that manage, in a concentrated ritual way, to express the basic political values of the official regime. This study discusses the dominant topics of public discourse in the process of selecting and establishing holidays and official state symbols. The centre of these controversial interpretations lies in symbols and the parties involved in public discourse, which organise a ritualised defence of their positions through manifestations, meetings, petitions, open letters, and strikes.

7

ON THE METHODS OF CONSTRUCTING A MYTHOLOGICAL TEXT: SLAVIC FOLK BELIEFS REGARDING THE SPOTS OF THE MOON (Mutoloogilise teksti konstrueerimise moodustest: slaavi rahvauskumused Kuu laikudest)

100%

Gura A.

Mäetagused

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2010

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vol. 46

37-52

EN

The dark spots visible on the surface of the full Moon have been diversely interpreted in the Slavic folk calendar, with a partial overlapping being noted upon the consolidation of relevant thematic groups. The article provides an overview regarding the explanations, concerning the origin of lunar spots, widespread among the Slavic people. The comparative analysis of the Slavic narratives on lunar spots indicates the distribution of the text into different morphological elements, enables the ascertaining of mutual correlations and combinations, and shows how they are being used to 'assemble', construct texts in different regional traditions, determining the 'grammatical' structure of the mythological text as a whole.

8

MYTH AND MODERNISM

100%

Vajdova L.

Slovak Review. A Review of World Literature Research

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2004

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vol. 13

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issue 1

7-25

EN

The relationship between the myth and the avant-garde (in European historical tradition) may appear as contradictory at the first sight, yet their coexistence and overlapping position are obvious. The function of myth was to help to resolve the contradictory concepts and ideas at the turn of the 20th century. The impact of its forms, its contradictory and syncretic nature can be detected in the avant-garde movements as well, although there were some transformations and shifts in emphasis in the second half of the 20th century. The myth is also a basic element of postmodern, anti-colonial, ecologic, spiritual alternative and other differentiating movements. The heritage of geographical discoveries and world exploration has also played an important part, especially its geographical and chronological aspects, as well as the acquired consciousness of the segmentation of time and space. In this sense, the paper offers several interpretations of French, Slovak and Rumanian works of literary fiction from the stream of literary realism, showing the construction of myths in these works in the light of modern literary techniques.

9

Tęcza. Nazwy i znaczenie w kontekście litewskiej narracji folklorystycznej

100%

Laurinkienė N.

Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury

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2004

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vol. 16

215-239

PL

Nazwy tęczy i ich znaczenia zawarte w tekstach litewskiego folkloru (zwłaszcza w podaniach i wierzeniach) pozwoliły autorce zrekonstruować ludowe litewskie wyobrażenia tęczy: jej wygląd (kształt łuku, barwność, jaskrawość), funkcje (ssanie wody, symbolizowanie pojednania między Bogiem a ludźmi), związek z Bogiem i mitycznymi postaciami – Łaumą ‘istotą wiązaną z wodą, boginką’ i Smokiem. Często takie postaci mityczne jak Łauma czy Smok, odznaczające się wodną naturą, w folklorze litewskim były przedstawiane jako postaci reprezentujące samą tęczę. Tęczy jako istocie mitycznej przypisywano moc manipulowania wodami na ziemi i w niebie, rządzenia ich wzajemnym powiązaniem. W folklorze litewskim tęcza jest pośredniczką i łączniczką obiektów przyrody, wód niebieskich i ziemskich. Wyobrażona jako kosmiczna wstęga ma funkcję łączenia, ogarniania, opasywania świata.

EN

The names of the rainbow and their meanings, found in Lithuanian texts of folklore (especially in legends and beliefs), have made it possible to reconstruct Lithuanian folk images of the rainbow: its appearance (the shape of an arch, colourfulness, vividness), functions (sucking of water, a symbol of reconciliation between God and people), connections with God and mythical figures, such as 'Lauma' (a creature associated with water, a goddess) and the Dragon. The figures, whose water-related nature was considered important, were often presented as representatives of the rainbow. The mythological figure of the rainbow was attributed with power over waters on earth and in heaven, with controlling the link between them. In Lithuanian folklore, the rainbow is an intermediary, a liaison between the natural forces of the earthly and heavenly waters. Construed as a cosmic band, its function is to connect, embrace, or girdle the world.

10

Postulaty moskovskoj ètnolingvistiki

100%

Tolstaya S. M.

Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury

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2006

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vol. 18

7-27

EN

The authoress presents the major assumptions, research methods and achievements of the Moscow ethnolinguistic school, created by Nikita I. Tolstoy in the 1970s. The school investigates and describes traditional spiritual Slavic culture on the basis of language, folklore, customs and beliefs. Research concerned with the reconstruction of the Proto-Slavic heritage embraces the culture of all Slavs in its regional differentiation. Language as a system of signs is taken as the major access route to culture; culture is similarly treated as a semiotic system. This allows one to employ, for the study of culture, the conceptual apparatus and methods of linguistics.Language and culture are viewed as isomorphic and connected in the sense that linguistic signs (words) and cultural signs (rituals, artifacts etc.) complement and substitute for each other in their functions of coming to the knowledge of the world, communicating, operating in the society and others. However, language and culture differ in the nature of their respective signs: linguistic signs are specific, cultural signs are not, because symbolic meanings are also ascribed to purely practical behaviours and objects. Motivations of symbolic meanings may be captured in the behavioural and belief-related context: they are usually based on objective features of the referents, their appearance and functions. Signs of culture, too, are homonymic and synonymic. In the Moscow school, symbolic and mythological meanings are distinguished from purely linguistic meaning; they are treated as cultural, not linguistic connotation. The ethnolinguistic research of the school is open to inspiration from linguistic pragmatics, text analysis, cognitive and anthropological linguistics. Of two understandings of ethnolinguistics, a narrower and a broader one, it is the latter that has received more support in the Moscow circle: the conception treats linguistic, folk and ethnographic data as the basis for arriving at the mentality of a group. This is the common denominator of the two Slavic ethnolingusitic schools: in Moscow and Lublin, Poland. The most important achievements of Moscow ethnolinguists, who have so far published over three thousand studies, are presented as well.

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COMPARISON OF THE USE OF MYTHOLOGY IN THE WORKS OF ZIYA GÖKALP AND MEHMET EMIN YURDAKUL, CONSIDERING THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO NATIONAL IDENTITY BUILDING

100%

Darnadyová M.

Asian and African Studies

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2006

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vol. 15

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issue 2

167 - 184

EN

Mythology with its various possibilities of the interpretation is a suitable device for the influencing national feelings and that is why it is often used in the period of a national identity building. This paper analyses the interpretation of mythology in the poetry of two founders of Turkish nationalistic literature and the contributors to the new Turkish identity Ziya Gökalp and Mehmet Emin Yurdakul.

12

DELUGE IN POLYNESIAN MYTHOLOGY

100%

Bucková M.

Asian and African Studies

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2004

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vol. 13

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issue 2

191 - 197

EN

Deluge is one of the most widespread mythycal motifs throughout the world although it may be lacking in some parts of the world. It may take the shape of a universal punishment of sinful peoples (just as in the Bible) and thus be a part of cosmogony or may be of a rather episodic or accidental nature. This paper discusses several instances of the motif of deluge in several parts of Polynesia.

13

WASP (Osa)

100%

Gondowicz J.

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2008

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vol. 62

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issue 3-4(282-283)

314-320

EN

The significance of the works by the French entomologist J. H. Fabre for the formation of the world outlook of S. I. Witkiewicz - Witkacy had been noticed quite some time ago. This particular study accentuates the characteristic role played in the latter's imagination by one of the insects described by Fabre - the digger wasp sphex, due to the fact that H. Bergson recognised its behaviour as a key example of instinctive knowledge. Against the background of a psychomachy with the detested Bergson, Witkacy developed a mythology of the wasp, whose message is close to that of the mythology of the praying mantis in the essay by R. Caillois.

14

Romowie i historia Metahistoryczne problemy historiografi i grupy mniejszościowej

88%

Kapralski S.

Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa

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2011

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vol. 47

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issue 2(188)

239-263

EN

The main question of the article is why, until very recently, there has been a relative lack of interest in the modern history of Romanis/Gypsies among the historians and the Romani people themselves. According to the author, this situation is conditioned by three groups of factors: the economic and educational situation of Romani communities, certain characteristic features of the traditional Romani culture, and the attitudes of societies among which Romanis live. Studying the last group of factors the author has employed the perspective of postcolonial theory and approached the history of the Roma as 'erased' and 'muted' in the process of 'differential deprivation of history', to subsequently outline the social and cultural mechanisms of that process. In the following sections, the author has commented on the complicated relation between history as written recently by Romanis themselves and national mythology as well as on the lack of the social frames of memory of the annihilation of Romanis during World War II.

15

THE LONG SLOVAK NINETEENTH CENTURY (Dlhe slovenske devatnaste storocie)

88%

Zajac P.

World Literature Studies

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2011

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vol. 3 (20)

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issue 1

17-24

EN

The article approaches the phenomenon of Slovak literary Romanticism through the idea of the so-called 'long 19th century', a longer perspective than the duration of the so-called national revival. The anti-modernist attitudes of a great part of the Slovak literary intelligentsia throughout the 19th century can be suspended in the cultural-historical or social-historical idea of modernization. With the hindsight of the contemporary struggles between the empirical and constructivist historiography, Slovak Romanticism appears as a cultural initiative that combines the moment of rational evaluation of the socio-cultural situation of the Slovak national community in the middle of the 19th century with the constructivist (idealistic) moment. The various combinations of both moments lead in the Slovak Romantic literature to the creation of neo-mythological self-representations, which are discussed in the second part of the paper.

16

NOVOPOHANSKÉ ASPEKTY POLITICKO-IDEOLOGICKÉHO PROJEKTU NÁRODNÉHO BOĽŠEVIZMU

88%

Mikheyeva I.

Studia Politica Slovaca: časopis pre politické vedy, najnovšie politické dejiny a medzinárodné vzťahy

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2010

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vol. 3

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issue 1

61 – 70

EN

The article deals with the problem of renaissance of pagan beliefs and archetypes in the culture of post- USSR countries and its impact on political and ideological processes. The author describes and analyses the fundamental principles and mechanisms of mythological renaissance, a typical tendency of transitive cultures in the situation of social changes and globalization. The article provides an integral vision of National Bolshevik ideology, including its historical, philosophical, political and ideological aspects. It stresses the necessity of viewing National Bolshevism as a well-developed doctrinal theory and practice of the right-wing totalitarianism, or Russian neo-fascism. The author explicates ideological principles and projects of global reconstruction of society, which are the most typical of National Bolshevism. The article makes a point that that the National Bolshevik movement takes a Neo-pagan ideological turn that can be described as a synthesis of Neo-pagan ideas and neo-totalitarian tendencies at cultural and social levels. The author proposes two models for understanding the Neo-pagan framework of the National Bolshevik ideology. The first model provides an understanding of Neo-paganism as a special type of mentality shaped by an unconventional interpretation of three temporal modes – the past, the present and the future. The second model understands it as a unity of two fundamental conceptual programs intended for the reconstruction of ontological status of the world and the individual (“Neo-pagan metaphysics”) as well as the reconstruction of social order (“Neo-pagan meta-politics”).

17

A FEW WORDS ON THE POETICS OF NICOLAI LESKOV'S PROSE

88%

Trojanowska B.

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2006

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vol. 55

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issue 2

173-186

EN

The present article is an attempt at presenting the character of a pious man in selected works by Nikolai Leskov, with particular attention to cultural, religious, and historical connotations. This article is a part of a larger work, the authoress is currently working on: 'The Pious in Leskov's Literary Output'. The literary characters of the pious (righteous) men in Leskov's works are analyzed in the article along the following analogies: a pious man/a national and mythical hero, a pious man/a biblical saint, and a pious man/Dim-witted Ivan. She attempts to demonstrate actualizations of the prototypes and mythologems found in Russian folk culture and the Orthodox faith in the construction of Leskov's characters. To do this, among other things, she draws upon onomapoetics, direct and indirect methods of character creation, description of outward appearance and behaviours, characteristics of the characters' households, and their situation in terms of centre/periphery relations, along with the religious convictions and literary realization of Leskov himself.

18

OBRAZ MYTOLÓGIE V DIELE ROBERTA HOLDSTOCKA

75%

Pevčíková J.

Motus in verbo: časopis mladej vedeckej generácie

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2016

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vol. 5

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issue 2

27 – 34

EN

This paper analyses depiction of mythology in novel Mythago Wood written by British fantasy author Robert Holdstock. It points out the fact that author consciously worked with the theory of archetypes and myth structures elaborated by Carl Gustav Jung. Simultaneously, it takes into account cultural background of the story as well as it analyses symbols used in the novel. The paper also defines three levels of the story: familial, meta-mythological and metaphoric and examines use of archetypes and symbols on each of the levels. The results of this analysis are afterwards compared and analysed for similarities and differences, as well as for level of connection with non-fictional mythology of British cultural area. The paper also points out universality and great variability of use of archetypes and symbols in mythologies outside British Isles.

19

LAUTERHOFEN. STRUCTURES OF CEMETERY AND CHRONOLOGICAL RELATION TO ALTENERDING (Lauterhofen. Strukturen des Graberfeldes und chronologisches Verhaltnis zu Altenerding)

75%

Pleterski A.

Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)

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2008

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vol. 56

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issue 1

61-80

EN

Lauterhofen lies northwest of Regensburg in Germany. A necropolis dating to the second half of the 7th and the first half of the 8th centuries is situated here. The paper first synchronises chronologically Lauterhofen with the cemetery Altenerding. This is possible due the development of glass-beads and saxes. In the second part of the paper the space-structures of Lauterhofen are analysed. The area of the cemetery is organized such that the place of burial could symbolize the gender, age and social status of the deceased. The measuring system of the necropolis corresponds with religious and astronomical foundations and furthermore, it repeats itself in the topography of the mythical surrounding landscape.

20

HISTORY AND MYTHOLOGY IN SUCHON'S OPERA KING SVATOPLUK (Historia a mytologia v Suchonovom Svatoplukovi

75%

Blahynka M.

Slovenské divadlo (Slovak Theatre)

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2010

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vol. 58

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issue 2

73-82

EN

In the opera King Svatopluk, which tells the story from the Great Moravian period, Eugen Suchon combines its historical and mythological dimension into one organic unit. Musically, he applies mainly the principles of dynamic form. The aesthetic and artistic functions are closely related to non-aesthetic and particularly ethical one. Suchon develops his modern drama about contradictory personality on the background of unified historical and mythical events.

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RYTMICKÉ CÍTENIE V SCÉNICKOM DIELE. ESTETICKÁ A MIMOESTETICKÁ FUNKCIA SCÉNICKÉHO UMENIA VYCHÁDZAJÚCA Z RITUÁLNEJ PODSTATY DIVADLA A MYTOLOGICKÝCH ZDROJOV DRÁMY NA POČIATKU 20. STOROČIA

MYTHOLOGY IN THE CONTEMPORARY LIFE OF NORTH-RUSSIAN VILLAGES (Mytoloogilist pohjavene kylaelus tanapaeval)

ROLAND BARTHES A VÁCLAV HAVEL JAKO SPIKLENCI LITERATURY – K PRINCIPU LITERÁRNÍ PŘESVĚDČIVOSTI

FIGURE OF OUR LADY AS A SYMBOL OF RESISTANCE IN POLISH NATIONAL MYTHOLOGY (Obraz Panny Marie ako symbol odporu v polskej narodnej mytologii)

Pojem lévistraussovské "torze"

Political Symbolism of Slovakia: Between the Cross and European Star

ON THE METHODS OF CONSTRUCTING A MYTHOLOGICAL TEXT: SLAVIC FOLK BELIEFS REGARDING THE SPOTS OF THE MOON (Mutoloogilise teksti konstrueerimise moodustest: slaavi rahvauskumused Kuu laikudest)

MYTH AND MODERNISM

Tęcza. Nazwy i znaczenie w kontekście litewskiej narracji folklorystycznej

Postulaty moskovskoj ètnolingvistiki

COMPARISON OF THE USE OF MYTHOLOGY IN THE WORKS OF ZIYA GÖKALP AND MEHMET EMIN YURDAKUL, CONSIDERING THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO NATIONAL IDENTITY BUILDING

DELUGE IN POLYNESIAN MYTHOLOGY

WASP (Osa)

Romowie i historia Metahistoryczne problemy historiografi i grupy mniejszościowej

THE LONG SLOVAK NINETEENTH CENTURY (Dlhe slovenske devatnaste storocie)

NOVOPOHANSKÉ ASPEKTY POLITICKO-IDEOLOGICKÉHO PROJEKTU NÁRODNÉHO BOĽŠEVIZMU

A FEW WORDS ON THE POETICS OF NICOLAI LESKOV'S PROSE

OBRAZ MYTOLÓGIE V DIELE ROBERTA HOLDSTOCKA

LAUTERHOFEN. STRUCTURES OF CEMETERY AND CHRONOLOGICAL RELATION TO ALTENERDING (Lauterhofen. Strukturen des Graberfeldes und chronologisches Verhaltnis zu Altenerding)

HISTORY AND MYTHOLOGY IN SUCHON'S OPERA KING SVATOPLUK (Historia a mytologia v Suchonovom Svatoplukovi