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PL
Celem artykułu jest próba identyfikacji i analizy poglądów przedstawicieli wybranych teorii rynku pracy na aktualny problem jego elastyczności. Przegląd tych teorii pozwala określić hipotezę badawczą, która brzmi następująco: Stopień regulacji rynku pracy w sposób pośredni wpływa na równowagę na tym rynku według analizowanych teorii. W artykule wykorzystano metodę badawczą, polegającą na krytycznej analizie poglądów wybranych teorii rynku pracy oraz wyodrębnieniu tych elementów, które są istotne z punktu widzenia regulacji. Miało to na celu określenie kierunku regulacji, który będzie umożliwiał i ułatwiał działania zmniejszające nierównowagę na rynku pracy, co jest najważniejsze z punktu widzenia ładu społeczno-ekonomicznego.(fragment tekstu)
EN
The article presents selected theories of the labor market with particular emphasis on their views on the role of regulation in an effort to balance the labor market. It was preceded by an explanation of basic concepts relating to the regulation of the labor market, as well as a brief review of the literature on this topic. The selection was based on the theory of criterion validity and capability of explaining the different situations in the economy today. Theories of the labor market does not usually refer directly to the regulatory role of economic power function and importance of formal solutions stored in the code of labor law and legislation. The article attempts to identify the place of labor law regulations in the analyzed theories in solving the problems of imbalance in the market.(original abstract)
XX
W artykule przedstawiono analizę danych bilansu płatniczego oraz systemu wskaźników obliczonych na ich podstawie w celu oceny nierównowagi gospodarczej w powiązaniu z zagranicą.
EN
The article presents an analysis of the balance of payments and the status indicators calculated on the basis thereof, to assess the economic disequilibrium in conjunction with foreign countries. The author described the indicators stored in the so-called, warning mechanism (European Commision, Alert Mechanism Report), which are used to analyze economic imbalances in the European Union, and then presented the results of the analysis for Poland and other EU countries. Analyses carried out on the basis of payment balance statistics allow to assess external imbalances of the economy much more precisely than using a single, aggregated indicator. To carry out such an inference is necessary, however, analysis of additional data sections and go beyond the standard patterns of their presentation. (original abstract)
EN
The experience of recent years proves that high balances (especially deficits) on current account are unsustainable in the long run. The return of the European countries to growth path requires joint effort by the whole continent. The core countries should increase consumption and boost import from peripheral countries. Economic growth financed by expansion of debt (both government and private) leads to long-term financial contagion. The is a need for new economic paradigm resting on the notion of steady increase of income of the broad spectrum of society in line with productivity growth. It is claimed that financial sector requires thorough regulation, government should actively fight with asset bubbles and some peripheral countries ought to abandon the EMU.
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