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EN
The idea of knowledge management, marketing knowledge management and knowledge transfer occurred as a consequence of the process of transformation of traditional business relations into collaboration of industry, services and their partners, due to the fact that information has become a production resource, especially in net-product sectors (for example IT sector). The intellectual value (information, knowledge) is created by enterprises, their co-competitors (co-operators, competitors) and customers to satisfy target markets. Global, innovative firms have been using new tools to create relations based on knowledge-changing, because global customers are more exacting and they take decisions more knowingly. The client knowledge communities constitute an integral subsystem of the business network structures - the marketing knowledge subnet. Observing the activity of IT leaders and their customers in community of practice we can state, that they are more and more involved. Also the opinions of the IT leaders and the figures show that this tool of knowledge management is successfully used in global markets. The method used in this research is an in-depth case study analysis. This consists in a comprehensive presentation of a real situation occurring in a particular company or with regard to one of the functions realized within the company, which is treated as an individual case. Internet resources, particularly the websites of selected subjects, have been identified and critically analysed. Detailed, continuous observation of the Internet sources has been applied since 2000. The paper will contain the example of practices in marketing knowledge management of IT-leader (Microsoft) in community of practice area in global market in international comparison.
EN
The aim of the article is to present dilemmas related to marketing communications' effectiveness from practical aspect. In the article the field research results on marketing communications conducted in enterprises in Poland are presented (both qualitative and quantitative). The aim of the article is to present how business perceive marketing communications' effectiveness and efficiency and how they evaluate marketing communications.
EN
The increasingly important role of the Internet in consumers' decision-making processes and virtualization of business activities triggers a cultural change in society, which is reflected in the development of the knowledge-based information society. The goal of this article is to present the virtualization of marketing in the strategic area, which involves the use of the Internet in innovative ways at all stages of the process of value management for the customer, i.e. in the stages of defining and shaping values, as well as its communication and distribution. The development trends of marketing activities conducted on the Internet have been shown through the prism of competing processes and achievement of sustainable competitive advantage by the interested companies. It should be noted that in the future the scope of virtualization of the marketing activities will depend on the degree of its acceptability to the consumers. It is particularly important in the context of increasing awareness and expectations of the Internet societies, pertaining to the improvement of standards of personal data protection and consumer privacy. The development of virtualization of marketing and consumption will also depend on the competence of customers and on the creation of a culture of trust and cooperation between companies and their customers.
EN
Generally, the most dynamic trend in marketing for the last period is the radical development of information technologies - especially in marketing communications, called internet marketing. This paper presents the results of a survey that provides a comprehensive view on the current situation in Slovak companies according to their internet marketing development process. The introductory part of this paper contains the summary of basic theoretical knowledge about modern internet marketing. We used this knowledge also as a basic basis for the following practical research. We based this research on the assumption that the most significant online marketing tools are Search Engine Marketing, Social Media Marketing, Banner Advertising, Affiliate Marketing, Email Marketing and Viral Marketing. Despite the findings that in several areas of internet marketing Slovak companies are still below the average of modern economies, it becomes clearly recognized modern trend of marketing also in our market environment.
EN
In the article a hypothetical / predicted scenarios of the evolution of political marketing are presented as a consequence of the various phases of evolution of the market structure. The author presents in particular: (1) an analysis of development processes in politics as a philosophical issue, referring to the concept of Hegel, (2) reveals political processes from holistic perspective, (3) identifies the different phases of development of market evolution, (4) presents the in-depth hypotheses and (5) justify it by creating matrix of probability and significance various trends for the political market.
EN
The fundamental goal of public administration is satisfaction of common and individual citizens' needs, which result from coexistence in the communities. By definition, it is a marketing approach based on the human needs diagnosis and searching the ways of providing for them. Still, the true challenge will be moving onto a higher level of the marketing management and the concern about such areas of interest as: organizational humanism, operating in virtual reality, creating a prosumer, partnership and social participation, investments in social capital, public opinion and life quality researches and treating public services as marketing products.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono koncepcję presumenta oraz czynniki determinujące ten szczególny rodzaj aktywności konsumentów na współczesnych rynkach w kontekście rozwoju marketingu emocji. W pierwszej części zaprezentowano istotne zmiany we współczesnej formie komunikacji na linii przedsiębiorstwo-konsument, które opierają się na wykorzystywaniu nowych form zaangażowania klienta. Tradycyjne sposoby komunikowania się organizacji z jej rynkowym otoczeniem ewoluują w kierunku indywidualnych doświadczeń. Jest to nieuniknione zarówno ze względu na nowe możliwości komunikacji (aspekt technologiczny), jak i zmieniające się potrzeby grup docelowych (aspekt emocjonalny). W dalszej części artykułu zarysowano koncepcję prosumenta i presumenta, a także dokonano próby syntezy czynników determinujących pojawianie się nowych postaw konsumenckich.
EN
This article presents the concept of presumer and main determinants of this particular type of consumer’s activity in today’s markets in the context of emotion’s marketing.
PL
Artykuł dotyczy ograniczeń rozwoju produktów systemowych. Celem artykułu jest zidentyfikowanie i scharakteryzowanie ograniczeń rozwoju produktów systemowych. Bariery rozwoju produktów systemowych są opisywane z punktu widzenia gospodarki kraju i z punktu widzenia przedsiębiorstwa. W artykule są analizowane przede wszystkim ograniczenia rozwoju produktów systemowych związane z zachowaniami nabywców, ze współpracą z partnerami biznesowymi oraz z umiejętnościami przedsiębiorstwa. Są też analizowane możliwości przezwyciężania ograniczeń rozwoju produktów systemowych.
EN
The article concerns the barriers of development of systemic products. Identifying and characterizing the barriers of development of systemic products is the aim of article. The barriers of development of systemic products are described from national economy’s point of view and from company’s point of view. First of all, in article are analysed the barriers of development of systemic products connected with the buyers' behaviours, with the cooperation with business partners and with the capabilities of company. The possibilities of overcoming the barriers of development of systemic products are also analysed.
EN
Currently as the basis for co-creation and improvement of business offer serves the combined idea of crowdsourcing and social media. Solutions and applications of Web 2.0 are not only a next stage of evolution in the direction of Web 3.0 and Meta Web. They become rather a living proof how "future theories" become a current practice for more and more companies. The marketing concept transforms in a similar manner, as nowadays cocreation and interaction with the target group seem to be more important, than simple customer orientation. The article tries to illustrate the disparity between available and implemented solutions on the use of electronic communication tools within the social media. The basis for discussion in this regard will results presentation of research, conducted among nearly 1,800 customers of 11 largest banks in Poland.
EN
This work aims at defining so-called dynamic marketing capabilities (DMC) in social media as the emerging construct important from perspective of both: marketing science and marketing practice. It is also oriented at identification of particular company resources that are strongly related to applying dynamic capabilities towards social media. This is a conceptual paper based on literature review. Specifically, we combine insights from dynamic capabilities theory, prior studies on dynamic marketing capabilities and the literature on social media marketing. DMC in social media seems to very promising construct that capture current trends in the business environment and at the same time, reflects paradigm changes that occur in management science, and in marketing, particularly.
PL
Celem artykułu jest wskazanie definicji tzw. dynamicznych zdolności marketingowych (DZM) w mediach społecznościowych jako wyłaniającego się konstruktu ważnego zarówno z perspektywy nauki o marketingu, jak i praktyki marketingu. Artykuł ten jest także nakierowany na identyfikację konkretnych zasobów marketingowych, które mają szczególne znaczenie z perspektywy zastosowania DZM w mediach społecznościowych. Opracowanie ma charakter koncepcyjny i jest oparte na przeglądzie literatury przedmiotu. Konceptualizacja opiera się w szczególności na teorii dynamicznych zdolności, wcześniejszych badaniach na temat DZM oraz literaturze w zakresie marketingu w mediach społecznościowych. DZM w mediach społecznościowych wydaje się bardzo obiecującym konstruktem, który nawiązuje do najnowszych trendów w otoczeniu biznesowym, a także do zmiany paradygmatycznej obserwowanej w naukach o zarządzaniu, zwłaszcza w marketingu.
PL
W ostatnim czasie rola kanałów dystrybucji oraz ich kształt podlega dynamicznym zmianom. Z jednej strony technologie informacyjne oraz rozwój firm logistycznych powodują wzrost możliwości realizacji i znaczenia sprzedaży bezpośredniej. Z drugiej strony charakterystycznym trendem jest wielokanałowość sprzedaży i w konsekwencji zmiany zachodzące w procesach zakupowych konsumentów. Wpływ na te przemiany mają także nowe kanały komunikacji, które wprost pozwalają przenieść konsumenta z sytuacji poszukiwania informacji do procesu zakupu. W efekcie zanika stopniowo rola tradycyjnych pośredników rynkowych, których funkcje przejmowane są w szczególności przez kanały komunikacji, co w dłuższym czasie będzie powodowało dalsze konsekwencje.
EN
Recently, the role of distribution channels and its design has changed. On one hand, information technologies and logistics development cause an increase of direct sales importance. On the other hand, a distinctive trend is the multi-channel sales and, consequently, changes in consumer buying process. The effects of these changes are also new channels of communication that expressly allow the consumer to move from a situation of searching for information to purchase process. As a result, disappearing gradually role of traditional market intermediaries whose functions are taken over in particular by communication channels, which in the long term will cause further consequences.
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Planowanie marketingowe w turystyce

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PL
Głównym celem artykułu jest analiza planowania marketingowego i jego specyfiki w działalności turystycznej. Planowanie w firmach turystycznych jest bardzo ważne ponieważ rosną wymagania rynku turystycznego oraz zmienia się otoczenie marketingowe.
EN
Purpose: To assess the opinions of people, using, or familiar with Chodakowska’s method, on her marketing strategy and public relations. Materials and methods: The research was conducted between the 31st of March and the 4th of April 2014. A questionnaire, consisting of 31 questions was created and uploaded at website. All internet users, interested in Chodakowska’s method, were able to take part in the research. The study group consisted of 1005 respondents. Results; The vast majority of respondents familiar in any way with Chodakowska used her workout programs. The Chi-squared test indicated statistically significant dependency between the place of residence and using Chodakowska’s workout programs. Among the ways of getting to know Chodakowska’s workout programs, friends proved to be the most common and the official Facebook fan page took second place. Among all respondents, who use the workout programs have never used any program, before they learned about Chodakowska and her method. The majority of respondents declare that the popularity of Chodakowska is due to the free of charge YouTube movies, then the regularly updated Facebook fan page, building a community of physically active people. Conclusions: The results of the study it is possible to state that using a customized approach and creating a positive image in relations with society can be adopted in promoting physical activity and a healthy diet. In addition, one can state that when developing future obesity prevention campaigns, the achievements and experience of Chodakowska should be taken into account.
EN
Realizing the fact that social media has become the mainstream of corporate marketing, this research aims to investigate the use of social media tools by Islamic banks: Facebook and YouTube. To identify and evaluate the social media activities, this research analyses four fully-fledged Islamic banks in Pakistan and seven fully-fledged Islamic banks in the UAE. Since there is a lack of research on the topic of social media marketing by Islamic banks, therefore eight effective features of utilising Facebook in corporate marketing have been extracted from the existing literature. Subsequently, in order to evaluate the eight factors descriptive observation analysis and coding methods were used. The findings deduce that Islamic banks require influential ways to distinguish their social media activities. This research believes that by channelizing such active social mediums aptly, consumer’s concerns about Islamic banking can be addressed. Islamic banks need to realize that these social mediums enable them to offer differentiated services according to the target segment and audience, which will result in greater satisfaction and customer loyalty. Monitoring social media activities of local and global Islamic banks can assist in devising a unique corporate marketing approach for using Facebook and YouTube. There are few existing articles available on social media and Islamic banking topics, therefore this research makes an attempt to fill that gap and brings attention to conduct further study about social media as a corporate marketing communication tool.
EN
Aim/purpose – Marketing is an important area of activity for the vast majority of enterprises. Many of them try using marketing data analysis. Both the literature and the practice of many enterprises describe the use of advanced data analysis. However, interpretations of this concept differ. The aim of this paper is to identify the interpretation of advanced data analysis in marketing, in support of decision-making processes applied in the retail trading sector. Design/methodology/approach – The study was conducted using a systematic literature review, suggested by B. Kitchenham (2004), extended by C. Wohlin & R. Prikladniki (2013). This method was modified and expanded through the division of the whole study into two phases. Each phase is intended to facilitate obtaining answers to different important research questions. The first phase constitutes an exploratory study, whose results allow the detailed analysis of the literature in the second phase of the study. Findings – The results of this study of the relevant literature indicate that scholarly publications do not use the phrase ‘advanced data analysis’, and its context is described with the term ‘data analysis’. Another term used broadly within the sphere of data analysis is ‘big data’. The concept of ‘data analysis’ in marketing is focused around the term ‘big data analytics’ and terms linked to the word ‘customer’, such as ‘customer-centric’, ‘customer engagement’, ‘customer experience’, ‘customer targeting service’, and ‘customers classification’. The study of the literature undertaken indicates that marketing employs data analysis in such areas as customer needs identification and market segmentation. Research implications/limitations – The study of the literature review was carried out using selected four databases containing publications, i.e. Web of Science, IEEE, Springer and ACM for the period 2008 to 2018. The research described in the article can be continued in two ways. First, by analysing the literature presented in this paper on advanced data analysis in marketing using the method called snowball sampling. Secondly, the results obtained from the first stage of the study can be used to conduct the study with other databases. Originality/value/contribution – The main contribution of this work is the proposal of modifying the systematic literature review method, which was expanded through the introduction of two phases. This division of two stages is important for conducting studies of literature when there are no clear, established definitions for the concepts being employed. The result of the study is also a set of ordered terms and their meanings that clearly define advanced data analysis in marketing.
PL
Ważną rolę w działalności przedsiębiorstwa może odgrywać controlling marketingowy, jako narzędzie koordynacji i kontroli zarządzania. W związku z tym omówiono cele i funkcje controllingu marketingowego oraz jego elementy, do których należą: cel, zakres, metody, aplikacyjność, uwarunkowania. Szczegółowo opisano także pomiar efektywności i skuteczności działań marketingowych.
EN
The essence of the marketing controlling in the enterprise The issue of the article is marketing controlling for the measurement of marketing efforts in the enterprise. Marketing controlling is an organization management system focused on achieving results and profit. It's implemented through planning, controlling and management. Measuring marketing efforts and their results is key element and a part of interest of a growing number of companies. Assessment and tools used to measure the effectiveness of marketing tools in a company is associated with systematic and orderly measurements of the marketing strategy. For the measurements we use many marketing indicators that are described and explained in the article. (original abstract)
PL
Wraz z rozwojem cywilizacyjnym społeczeństwa rośnie popyt na dobra materialne. Producenci prześcigają się w walce o zainteresowanie klienta, jednak coraz trudniej jest im dzisiaj dotrzeć do odbiorcy ze swoim komunikatem. Dlatego też specjaliści od reklamy i marketingu z uwagą śledzą rozwój nowoczesnych mediów, poszukując sposobów ich wykorzystania w kształtowaniu wizerunku marki oraz promocji produktów i usług. Nowoczesna technologia pozwala na projektowanie przekazów reklamowych o wysokiej jakości audiowizualnej. Współczesna reklama to przekaz spersonalizowany, trafiający do wyselekcjonowanych grup konsumentów. Jest to komunikat, który ma znużonego natłokiem informacji odbiorcę zainteresować i przekształcić w klienta. Współczesna reklama bawi i uczy, a bywa też, że to potencjalni klienci stają się jej współtwórcami.
EN
As society advances in terms of its civilization, the demand for material goods grows. The manufacturers try to undo one another in their endeavours to attract new customers, however, it is more and more difficult for them to get their message out to their potential target audience. Therefore, the advertising and marketing consultants have been making strenuous efforts to follow the development of modern media in order to find an effective way to promote their brands, products and services. Needless to say, modern technology enables them to create a high-quality audiovisual marketing products. Modern advertising techniques are based on greatly personalized strategy addressed to a carefully selected group of consumers. Their aim is to persuade and win over the potential client who is lost in a mass of facts and information. No wonder, then, that modern advertisement not only has an educational and entertaining undertone in itself but also it happens that the potential customer plays an active part in shaping the nature of it.
PL
W artykule podjęto próbę identyfikacji cech Customer Engagement (CE) jako innowacji w sferze marketingu oraz wskazania jej konsekwencji zarządczych. W pierwszej części ustalono istotę innowacji w sferze marketingu w kontekście istniejących typologii innowacji. W części drugiej określono istotę CE, zidentyfikowano zakres przedmiotowy i podmiotowy tej kategorii oraz wynikający z tego charakter innowacji CE. W ostatniej części wskazano na związki CE z usieciowieniem działalności przedsiębiorstwa, mającym konsekwencje dla zarządzania CE.
EN
There is an attempt in this article to identify Customer Engagement features as innovation in marketing and indicate its managerial implications. In the first part of the paper the essence of innovations in marketing was established in the context of existing innovation typologies. In the second part, the essence of CE and its object and subject scope was explored and the nature of CE as innovation was identified. In the last section of the article the relationships between CE and networking of companies performance were indicated as they have the consequences in CE management.
19
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EN
The paper aims to present the internal and external determinants of marketing concept implementation into non-governmental organizations in the context of development prospects for NGOs' marketing activities. It provides an insight into both stimulants and destimulants of this process, generating the adaptive changes in the organizations' practice of management. The course of these changes, including the adoption of marketing concept into polish non-gonernmental organizations is expected to be similar to the one observed some time ago in countries of more developed democracy and more stable market economy
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PL
XXI w. jest erą informacji, w której public relations mają kluczowe znaczenie we wszystkich najważniejszych płaszczyznach życia człowieka, począwszy od społeczno-politycznej, a na ekonomicznej skończywszy, zarówno w układzie międzynarodowym, jak i w skali poszczególnych państw. W public relations wypracowano bowiem model komunikowania oparty na przekazywaniu szczerych, otwartych, aktualnych, szczegółowych i wartościowych informacji na interesujące społeczeństwo tematy oraz co niezwykle ważne i co stanowiło siłę PR z zachowaniem dialogu i wzajemnej równoprawnej komunikacji wraz z dążeniem do poszukiwania obustronnych kompromisów. Wszystko na to wskazuje, że rola PR z upływem czasu będzie się nadal zwiększać, zwłaszcza w sferze gospodarczej. Równocześnie tradycyjne instrumenty ekonomicznego oddziaływania na rynek i klienta, takie jak marketing i reklama okazują się coraz mniej skuteczne. W rezultacie wybitni naukowcy i praktycy, którzy od wielu już lat zajmują się marketingiem i reklamą przyjęli strategię inkorporowania osiągnięć public relations czy też niektórych ich instrumentów, traktując w przeszłości PR jako funkcję zarządzania, wprowadzając zintegrowaną komunikację marketingową, a ostatnio koncepcję Marketingu 3.0. Temu problemowi jest poświęcony niniejszy artykuł. Dokonano w nim próby limityzacji public relations od marketingu. Całość poprzedza przedstawienie rozwoju public relations i marketingu w perspektywie historycznej.
EN
The article deals with distinction between public relations and marketing. In addition it covers the development of public relations and marketing in broader historical perspective.
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