Search results

1

De la métaphore dans la langue informatique

100%

Pirogowska E.

Studia Romanica Posnaniensia

|

2003

|

vol. 30

131-141

EN

The French of information science is a variant of a lively general language submitted to constant changes. In order to bring closer, better understand and get acqainted with the technical terms either names of equipment, programmes, or situations peculiar to computer reality, the user refers to everyday life (e.g. passerelle, English gateway; souris, English mouse) or to universal or mythological concepts (e.g. argonautes - internautes) thanks to the phenomenon of metaphor. It sometimes happens that the original concept, which served as a basis for the creation of a metaphor, is obliterated memory and computer users apply a new term being unaware of its origin. Just in this way during metaphoric operations totally new words are formed and they influence the specific character of the language of information science.

2

Inferring Pragmatic Messages from Metaphor

80%

Gibbs R., Tendahl M., Okonski L.

Lodz Papers in Pragmatics

|

2011

|

vol. 7

|

issue 1

3-28

EN

When speakers utter metaphors, such as "Lawyers are also sharks," they often intend to communicate messages beyond those expressed by the metaphorical meaning of these expressions. For instance, in some circumstances, a speaker may state "Lawyers are also sharks" to strengthen a previous speaker's negative beliefs about lawyers, to add new information about lawyers to listeners to some context, or even to contradict a previous speaker's positive assertions about lawyers. In each case, speaking metaphorically communicates one of these three social messages that are relevant to the ongoing discourse. At the same time, speaking metaphorically may express other social and affective information that is more difficult to convey using non-metaphorical speech, such as "Lawyers are also aggressive." We report the results of three experiments demonstrating that people infer different pragmatic messages from metaphors in varying social situations and that many metaphors can express additional pragmatic and rhetorical meanings beyond those conveyed by non-metaphorical language. These findings demonstrate the importance of trade-offs between cognitive effort and cognitive effects in pragmatic theories of metaphor use and understanding.

3

Metaphor As Knowledge. A Hermeneutical Framework for Biblical Exegesis with a Sample Reading from the Song of Songs (Song 8:10)

80%

Verde D.

The Biblical Annals

|

2016

|

vol. 6

|

issue 1

45-72

EN

The main purpose of this article is to provide biblical scholarship with a broad hermeneutical framework concerning the cognitive dimension of metaphorical phenomena. According to current research, metaphor is a tool of knowledge, a way through which the human mind conceptualizes reality. Despite the fact that Cognitive Linguistics (CL) is generally credited with bringing the cognitive dimension of metaphor to light, the discovery of this dimension is by no means recent. This article will show that it already appeared in Aristotle’s work, was blurred in Classical Rhetoric by a more aesthetic perspective, reappeared at the very beginning of the modern age, and finally became dominant in the 20th century. CL is therefore the result of a long tradition that has the merit of clarifying the cognitive mechanisms of metaphorical processes. Its theoretical and methodological model currently represents the reference point for studies on daily and literary metaphors, shedding new light on biblical metaphors. This article shows how CL can be beneficial for biblical exegesis by analysing Song 8:10 in light of this approach.

4

Metafory w czeskich przekładach wierszy Bolesława Leśmiana. Ujęcie porównawcze

80%

Supeł M.

pl.it / rassegna italiana di argomenti polacchi

|

2017

|

issue 8

95-113

EN

This article attempts to characterize the way four translators, who dealt with the work of the Polish poet, translated his metaphors into Czech. A comparative analysis of the solutions adopted by Vlasta Dvořáčková, Iveta Mikešova, Jan Pilař and František Kvapil shows how important rhyme and rhythm are in Leśmian’s works and how translational decisions influence the semantic layer of a poem in the target language. For the analysis of metaphorical expressions, I use the theory of concept metaphor introduced by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson in Metaphors we live by.

5

Cognitive Poetry: Theoretical Framework for the Application of Cognitive Psychology Techniques to Poetic Text

70%

Kharkhurin A. V.

Creativity. Theories – Research - Applications

|

2016

|

vol. 3

|

issue 1

59-83

EN

This article presents a theoretical framework for the author’s experimental work in contemporary poetry, which has received the term cognitive poetry. In contrast to cognitive poetics, which applies the principles of cognitive psychology to interpret poetic texts, cognitive poetry applies these principles to produce poetic texts. The theoretical considerations of cognitive poetry are based on the assumption that one of the major purposes of creative work is to elicit an aesthetical reaction in the beholder. The aesthetical reaction to poetic texts could be achieved via their satiation with multiple meanings presented through multiple sensory modalities. Cognitive poetry employs techniques developed in cognitive psychology to explicitly address cognitive processes underlying the construction of multiple conceptual planes. The following techniques are discussed: priming, the Stroop effect, multimodal and multilingual presentations. The applications of these techniques are illustrated with examples of poetic texts produced by the author.

6

„And What is a Beautiful Poem”? Reflections of a Poet on Vlad Petre Glăveanu’sThe Psychology of Creativity: A Critical Reading

70%

Citko K.

Creativity. Theories – Research - Applications

|

2015

|

vol. 2

|

issue 1

97-101

EN

I fully subscribe to Glăveanu’s opinions. I am not a psychologist, but as someone who specialises in culture and at the same time, as a poet, I believe that if the psychology of creativity is to say something truthful about the creative process, it should open up to the inner life of artists and to statistically unmeasurable processes such as talent and inspiration, rather than devise and carry out laboratory experiments. Therefore, encouraged by Glăveanu to pose innovative questions, in my article I ask about the essence of poetic inspiration, that is able to create images and lies at the root of metaphor which emerges in the mind of an artist.

7

Archeology as a Metaphor in Contemporary Culture

70%

Woźny J.

|

2021

|

vol. 17

|

issue 1

28-38

EN

The scientific discipline of archeology has gone through various stages of its development and improvement of research methods. First, it was combined with ancient history and the history of art. In the mid-nineteenth century, the base of its chronology was on biblical events. Modernist archeology of the twentieth century focused on classifying monuments and reconstructing cultural processes. In the second half of the twentieth century, archeology inspired other disciplines of culture and science to “stratigraphically” look at their own history. In this way, the stratification of scientific thought (archeology of knowledge), the history of photography (archeology of photography), and the media (archeology of media) began to be analyzed. Archeology has become a cognitive metaphor in contemporary culture. Lack of knowledge of the theoretical and methodological achievements worked out by archaeologists may, after some time, lead to the trivialization and petrification of the archaeological metaphor, although today it still seems fresh and innovative for “archeology of media,” “archeology of photography,” or “archeology of modernism.”

8

Conceptual negotiation metaphors across cultures – research findings from Poland, China, The United States and Great Britain

61%

Chmielecki M.

Journal of Intercultural Management

|

2013

|

vol. 5

|

issue 3

103-118

EN

Recent years have seen an explosion of interest in the cultural dimensions of conflict resolution. Books, numerous studies, and courses have offered perspectives on the nature of culture and its complex relationship to the transformation of conflict. This article focuses on metaphors concerning negotiations across cultures. The study attempts to contribute knowledge in the field of cross-cultural studies on language and culture, especially with regards to negotiation metaphors. The article attempts to answer a question how does the usage of metaphors for the process of negotiation differ across cultures

9

Controlling w paradygmacie interpretatywno-symbolicznym: metafora controllera a jego rola w przedsiębiorstwie

61%

Nowak M.

Studia Ekonomiczne

|

2018

|

vol. 369

173-183

PL

Przedstawione w niniejszym artykule rozważania przyjmują spojrzenie prezentowane w interpretacyjno-symbolicznym paradygmacie nauk o zarządzaniu. Badania mają charakter jakościowy. Celami opracowania są: a) określenie roli controllera w przedsiębiorstwie poprzez analizę istniejących jego metafor, b) zaproponowanie własnej metafory controllera oddającej jego rolę w przedsiębiorstwach stosujących controlling rozumiany w ujęciu zarządczym. Postawiono następujące pytanie badawcze: W jaki sposób metafory controllera objaśniają jego rolę w zarządzaniu przedsiębiorstwem?

EN

The discourse presented in this paper is conducted from the interpretativesymbolic management paradigm viewpoint. The research has the qualitative character. The objectives are following: a) defining of controller’s role in company by the analysis of existing controller metaphors, b) elaboration of author’s own metaphor of controller, defining controller’s role in company where controlling is understood in managerial dimension. The following research question was addressed: In which manner the controller’s metaphors explain his role in company management.

10

Postrzeganie roli współczesnego księgowego. Badania z zastosowaniem metafory zoomorficznej

51%

Nowak M.

Studia Ekonomiczne

|

2017

|

vol. 341

252-263

PL

W artykule badano postrzeganie roli współczesnego księgowego. Zastosowano badania jakościowe, a konkretnie wykorzystano metaforę zoomorficzną. Przeanalizowano otrzymane na podstawie projekcji metafory zwierzęce oraz towarzyszącą im narrację uzasadniającą wybór. Badaniu poddano osoby studiujące na kierunku finanse i rachunkowość, specjalizacji rachunkowość i auditing, które zgodnie z deklaracjami oraz wybranym kierunkiem studiów można uznać za przyszłych księgowych. W rezultacie zastosowanej procedury badawczej uzyskano spójny obraz pracy księgowego.

EN

The paper investigates the perception of contemporary accountant role. The zoomorphic metaphor is used. The projected animal metaphors and the choiceexplaining narration is analyzed. The research group consisted of person studying finance and accounting specializing in accounting and auditing who, according to their declarations and chosen field of education, can be recognized as future accountants. As a result the coherent portrait of accountant is depicted.

11

Principy futurismu a kubofuturismu v poezii raného Vladimira Majakovského

41%

Kitzlerová J.

Svět literatury – Časopis pro novodobé literatury (World of Literature – Journal for Modern Literatures)

|

2018

|

vol. 57

37-48

EN

This paper surveys the principles according to which futurists and cubofuturists created their works of art (predominantly paintings and sculptures), and focuses on the conscious use of these rules in the early poetry of Vladimir Mayakovsky. This is shown in detail on two of Mayakovsky’s poems dating from 1913, В Авто and Из улицы в улицу. The linguistic analysis comprises especially Mayakovsky’s use of metaphor, the verbal forms, as well as the graphic level of his poems.

12

Gdzie kończy się filozofia? Metafora w literaturze i filozofii

36%

Gałkowski S. K.

Kultura i Wartości

|

2019

|

issue 28

DE

Der Text ist eine Antwort auf die Polemik von Marcin Kochanowski (Über die Beziehungen zwischen Literatur und Philosophie am Beispiel der Gestalt von Iwan Karamazow) mit meinem Text (Die Grenze der Philosophie. Metapher in der Philosophie am Beispiel der Sprache von Józef Tischner), der der Rolle der Metapher in der Formulierung philosophischer Thesen und in der Bestimmung des Unterschieds zwischen Philosophie und Literatur gewidmet war.

EN

This is a response to Marcin Kochanowski's polemics (On links between literature and philosophy on the example of Ivan Karamazov) with my paper (The boundary of philosophy. The metaphor in philosophy as exemplified by Józef Tischner’s language) elaborating on the role of the metaphor in formulating philosophical theses and in defining the difference between philosophy and literature.

PL

Tekst jest odpowiedzią na polemikę Marcina Kochanowskiego (O związkach literatury i filozofii na przykładzie postaci Iwana Karamazowa z moim tekstem (Granica filozofii. Metafora w filozofii na przykładzie języka Józefa Tischnera,) poświęconym roli metafory w formułowaniu tez filozoficznych oraz w określaniu różnicy między filozofią i literaturą.

13

Metaphorische Komposita mit den Komponenten ‘Asylant’ und ‘Flüchtling’ im deutschen medialen Flüchtlingsdiskurs

36%

Dargiewicz A.

Prace Językoznawcze

|

2018

|

vol. XX/3

19-42

DE

In dem Beitrag wird die Aufmerksamkeit dem Migrationsdiskurs mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des Phänomens der sich darauf beziehenden Neubildungen im Gegenwartsdeutschen geschenkt. Es wird auf die Merkmale und die semantische Leistung der Komposita eingegangen, die mit dem Flüchtlingsproblem und seiner Beschreibung verbunden sind. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit wird den Sprachbildern geschenkt, mit denen man bei der Berichterstattung über das die gegenwärtige Zivilisation verunsichernde Problem arbeitet. Diese Bilder entstehen aus lexikalischen Mitteln, deren sich Medien und Politiker bei dem Umgang mit dem Thema Flucht bedienen. Sie lösen Unsicherheits-, Beunruhigungs-, Bedrohungs- und sogar Angstgefühle unter den Rezipienten aus, wecken ihre Vorstellungskraft und hinterlassen den beabsichtigten Eindruck. An herausrecherchierten Wortbildungen wird veranschaulicht, inwiefern der Sprachgebrauch eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Bewertung von Menschen und Situationen spielen kann. Und da die Rezipienten der medialen Meldungen eher nicht selbständig über bestimmte Sachverhalte nachdenken oder nachdenken wollen, werden ihre Anschauungen durch diese fertigen sprachlichen Bilder beeinflusst. Auf welche Weise über die Phänomene der uns umgebenden Welt gesprochen wird, welche Ausdrücke dafür gewählt werden, spielt eine Schlüsselrolle dabei, wie wir diese Wirklichkeit wahrnehmen.

PL

W niniejszym artykule poświęca się uwagę dyskursowi dotyczącemu problemu uchodźców ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem fenomenu złożeń powstałych we współczesnym języku niemieckim w celu realizacji tego dyskursu. Wybrane złożenia scharakteryzowane zostały pod względem metaforycznej treści, jaką przekazują. Szczególna uwaga poświęcona została obrazom językowym, którymi operuje się w sprawozdaniach i relacjach dotyczących problemu nurtującego współczesną cywilizację. Obrazy te ujawniają się w środkach leksykalnych, jakimi operują media i politycy w dyskursie dotyczącym problemu uchodźctwa. Wywołują one w społeczeństwie uczucie niepewności, zaniepokojenia, zagrożenia i strachu, pobudzają wyobraźnię odbiorców i pozostawiają wrażenie, które było zamierzone i celowe – uchodźcy to klęska żywiołowa, lawina, powódź, wielka fala. Na przykładzie wybranych złożeń ukazane zostało, jak ogromny wpływ ma użycie konkretnych środków leksykalnych w opisie otaczającej nas rzeczywistości na postrzeganie jej przez nas, tj. na jej interpretowanie oraz na kształtowanie naszej opinii o niej.

EN

This article will address the refugee-related discourse, more specifically, the compounds in the contemporary German language which were created in order to set the terms of that discourse. A detailed analysis of the selected compounds will be offered as regards their metaphorical content. Particular attention will be given to the linguistic images used in reports and accounts pertaining to the refugee crisis. The images seem to be shaped by the lexical choices made by the media and politicians contributing to the refugee-related discourse. They are supposed to provoke a sense of uncertainty, anxiety and danger in the fear-ridden society; their intent is to work on people’s imagination, to leave the impression that refugees are synonymous with natural disasters, avalanches, floods, great waves, etc. The examples of compounds in the article demonstrate how much the use of specific lexical items to describe the real world influences the way we perceive, interpret and assess it.

14

Metaphorizing the Holocaust: The Ethics of Comparison

31%

Webber M.

Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication

|

2011

|

vol. 8

|

issue 15-16

1-30

EN

Metaphorizing the Holocaust: The Ethics of Comparison This paper focuses on the ethics of metaphor and other forms of comparison that invoke National Socialism and the Holocaust. It seeks to answer the question: Are there criteria on the basis of which we can judge whether metaphors and associated tropes “use” the Holocaust appropriately? In analyzing the thrust and workings of such comparisons, the paper also seeks to identify and clarify the terminology and concepts that allow productive discussion. In line with its conception of metaphor that is also rhetorical praxis, the paper focuses on specific controversies involving the metaphorization of the Holocaust, primarily in Germany and Austria. The paper develops its argument through the following process. First, it examines the rhetorical/political contexts in which claims of the Holocaust’s comparability (or incomparability) have been raised. Second, it presents a review (and view) of the nature of metaphor, metonymy, and synecdoche. It applies this framework to (a) comparisons of Saddam Hussein with Hitler in Germany in 1991; (b) the controversies surrounding the 2004 poster exhibition “The Holocaust on Your Plate” in Germany and Austria, with particular emphasis on the arguments and decisions in cases before the courts in those countries; and (c) the invocation of “Auschwitz” as metonym and synecdoche. These examples provide the basis for a discussion of the ethics of comparison. In its third and final section the paper argues that metaphor is by nature duplicitous, but that ethical practice involving Holocaust comparisons is possible if one is self-aware and sensitive to the necessity of seeing the “other” as oneself. The ethical framework proposed by the paper provides the basis for evaluationg the specific cases adduced.

Refine search results

De la métaphore dans la langue informatique

Inferring Pragmatic Messages from Metaphor

Metaphor As Knowledge. A Hermeneutical Framework for Biblical Exegesis with a Sample Reading from the Song of Songs (Song 8:10)

Metafory w czeskich przekładach wierszy Bolesława Leśmiana. Ujęcie porównawcze

Cognitive Poetry: Theoretical Framework for the Application of Cognitive Psychology Techniques to Poetic Text

„And What is a Beautiful Poem”? Reflections of a Poet on Vlad Petre Glăveanu’sThe Psychology of Creativity: A Critical Reading

Archeology as a Metaphor in Contemporary Culture

Conceptual negotiation metaphors across cultures – research findings from Poland, China, The United States and Great Britain

Controlling w paradygmacie interpretatywno-symbolicznym: metafora controllera a jego rola w przedsiębiorstwie

Postrzeganie roli współczesnego księgowego. Badania z zastosowaniem metafory zoomorficznej

Principy futurismu a kubofuturismu v poezii raného Vladimira Majakovského

Gdzie kończy się filozofia? Metafora w literaturze i filozofii

Metaphorische Komposita mit den Komponenten ‘Asylant’ und ‘Flüchtling’ im deutschen medialen Flüchtlingsdiskurs

Metaphorizing the Holocaust: The Ethics of Comparison