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EN
Te European Central Bank has tried to face with a crisis since 2007. It has applied both traditional instruments and completely new ones. Five years of that politics let summarize its effects. The aim of the article is to describe these instruments of monetary policy and to show how they have influenced the economies of the countries involved in euro area. It is shown among others that one of results is bigger inflation pressure which lead to negative real rates.
EN
Changes in the way of achieving the objectives of monetary policy, that have occurred in recent years, determine the evolution of the place and role of modern central banks, including the development of instruments through which they may impact on conditions of the banking sector. The main aim of modern monetary policy has became maintaining financial stability in a long term. So far, the monetary authorities has thought about financial stability as a public good, and has focused at regardless of monetary purposes. Imposed on the central bank an additional goal - financial stability , is now one of the most discussed topics. Moreover, the analysis of monetary policy during escalating banking sector instability of the XXI century, indicates that the implemented instruments have caused significant changes in the philosophy of activity of modern central banks.
PL
Celem opracowania jest ukazanie uwarunkowań, które doprowadziły do wykreowania koncepcji unii bankowej dla strefy euro, w której jednolity mechanizm nadzorczy jest jednym z istotnych elementów tej koncepcji. Unię bankową można zakwalifikować do innowacji, jeśli przyjmiemy, że innowacje związane są z takimi kategoriami jak: zmiana, reforma, nowość. Unia bankowa spełnia te wszystkie cechy, jest bowiem procesem kreowania oraz wdrażania innowacji w sektorze bankowym UGW [Zasady gromadzenia i interpretacji danych dotyczących innowacji, 2008, s. 61]. Odpowiednie akty ustawodawcze powierzyły EBC zadanie nadzoru nad bankami w strefie euro. EBC przed podjęciem funkcji nadzorczych nad bankami uznał za konieczne sprawdzanie sytuacji finansowej przejmowanych pod nadzór banków. Przeprowadzona wszechstronna ocena kondycji finansowej przejmowanych banków, jej wady i zalety są przedmiotem rozważań w niniejszym opracowaniu.
EN
The aim of the study is to show the conditions that led to creation of the concept of Banking union for the Eurozone, in which a Single Supervisory Mechanism is one of the essential elements of the whole concept. Banking union can be classified as an innovation if we assume that innovations are associated with such categories as: change, reform, something new. Banking union accomplishes this, as it is the process of creating and implementing innovations in the banking sector in the Economic and Monetary Union. Relevant legal acts entrusted the task of supervising banks in the euro area to European Central Bank. ECB before undertaking the supervisory functions in the banks found it necessary to check the financial situation of the banks that were supposed to be under its supervision. A comprehensive assessment of the financial condition of the banks, its advantages and disadvantages are explored in this study.
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