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The Role of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in Republican Turkey

100%
Makaradze E.
Historia i Polityka
|
2020
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issue 32 (39)
EN
Republican Turkey is a great country with a crucial geostrategic position, and rich historical past and present. In recent decades, Turkey has developed its economy to such a level that the prediction “Turkey will enter the 21st century as one of the most developed countries”, has been realized. The official doctrine of the government of the Republic of Turkey, known as Kemalism, is based on the principles of Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the Republic and a great reformer. Historical development of modern Turkey cannot be imagined without the figure of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881–1938). He began to rule the country in the most difficult years (1918–1923) and is considered as the founding father of republican Turkey. The extraordinary impact of Atatürk is attributable to the fact that he was simultaneously a military man, a defender of religion, a statesman, and a revolutionary.
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Turcja w koncepcjach polskiego Sztabu Generalnego w okresie Konferencji Lozańskiej (1922–1923). Nieznane memorandum Tadeusza Schaetzla

71%
Gierowska-Kałłaur J., Kornat M.
Studia z Dziejów Rosji i Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej
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2014
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vol. 49
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issue 2
EN
The article presents Tadeusz Schaetzel's memorandum from 26 December 1922, containing his analysis of the first round of negotiations at the Lausanne Conference. It was prepared on request of the General Staff, following Schaetzel's return from Lausanne, where he assumed the duties of observer at the peace conference. The document proves strong hopes for a future involvement of Turkey in the anti-Soviet policies of the Second Polish Republic.
PL
W artykule przedstawiony został memoriał Tadeusza Schaetzla z 26 grudnia 1922 r., pisany jako analiza pierwszej części obrad konferencji w Lozannie. Mjr Schaetzel przygotował go dla Sztabu Generalnego, powróciwszy do Warszawy z Lozanny, gdzie obserwował obrady konferencji pokojowej. Tekst dokumentu przepełniony jest nadziejami na pozyskanie w przy­szłości Turcji dla antysowieckiej polityki II RP.
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Mustafa Kemal Atatürk i jego współczesny wizerunek w społeczeństwie tureckim

63%
Kontek K.
Etnografia Polska
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2011
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vol. 55
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issue 1-2
227-248
EN
The picture of contemporary Turkey is the result of a complex process of change, which cannot be painted without getting deeper into the history of this country. There are important stages for the evolution of the Turkish politics in the history of the Ottoman Empire like laying the foundations of the present Republic (the first attempt is the Tanzimat Reforms to decrease the gap between the Empire and the Western countries), and the Young Turk Movement activities, Thanks to Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, who played a major role in the road to freedom and modernization of the country, today we can speak about the Republic of Turkey. Separating the state from religion, Atatürk created a new secular country, cut off in this way from the current output of the Ottoman Empire. The ideas of Kemalism, implemented in the life of the Turkish society through reforms which contributed to the creation of a new nation and the significant development of the country in many areas. With the reformist activities of Mustafa Kemal, Turkey has become a modern country gaining a lot on the international area. Therefore, this situation has made Turkey try to join the European Union. Hence in Turkey there is an understandable respect and glorification for Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, widely recognized as the great leader and national hero. As quoted in the article, parts of interviews have indicated that Atatürk is still well-known, highly appreciated and alive in the minds of the Turks. Turkish people are proud of him and they are well aware of the importance of his reforms for the fate of the country, often looking at his figure uncritically.
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