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EN
Nacher reviews two antologies edited by Andrzej Gwózdz ('Kino po kinie. Film w kulturze uczestnictwa' /2010/ and 'Pogranicza audiowizualnosci. Parateksty kina, telewizji i nowych mediów' /2010/). She argues that the key issue for both collections of essays is the changing mode of research within the field of film and media studies. Considering multiple ways in which both 'old' and 'new' media converge in the contemporary contexts, the author propose to reconsider traditional disciplines in favor of the emerging field of studies on audiovisual culture, which would better address dynamically changing practices on the crossroads of established and emerging forms of media and their discourses.
EN
Media art requires that the traditional documenting methods both improve and work out new tools, allowing the documentation to catch specific features and phenomena associated with the functioning of artworks that include unstable, electronic media. One of the phenomena, a characteristic for many media works is an openness towards the interaction of the audience, who may manipulate the work using many interfaces creating their own performance, as well as modify the work within the framework defined by the artist. According to many researchers and artists, the actual artwork is the result of the activities of 'inter-actors' who experience it. The traditional methods used by art institutions to document the interactive aspect of the artworks is only to a very limited extent successful. The problem of documenting art created by non-standard media (including electronic media) was undertaken as part of many projects, for example: Documentation et conservation du patrimoine des arts mediatiques (DOCAM), Variable Media Initiative (VM), Capturing Unstable Media (CUM) or the thematic residential programs realised by the Daniel Langlois Foundation. However, not all of the above mentioned projects considered that the problem of interactivity and the experience of the audience had been dealt with thoroughly. In many of them a new theoretical ground taking the concept of both the artwork and the role of inter-actors was created. A few of the proposed solutions were quoted in the article. In the text, various strategies of documenting the interactive aspects of media artworks which result from adopting various perspectives and assumptions were described. These strategies oscillate around two opposing terms: interactivity and interaction, as well as the difference between the will to document an ideal representation of the work (according to the artistic concept) and an attempt to grasp how the work functions in real circumstances together with the more or less successful trials of the inter-actors to experience it. Of particular interest seem to be the attempts to document the experience of the audience and then applying the knowledge achieved to work further with the artwork - to protect it, exhibit it in various ways or allow it to communicate further with the audience.
EN
In the classical model of political communication information flows from the political system via the mass media to society. Feedback substantially can be expressed in participation in elections. Internet seems to be a medium that can significantly stimulate the systemic passive citizens; and for politicians can be an opportunity to be decoupled from the information hegemony of the „old” media. This article attempts to answer the question of how the observed changes are a natural evolution of society towards the civil society, as far as the revolution resulting from the somewhat unique nature of Web 2.0.
EN
The present essay is an outline, drawn from a Polish perspective, of some issues of postmodernist literature which, occurring ahead of the internet, attempted at working out a philosophy of the new media and a certain literary aesthetics. These new concepts were not, however, applied in Polish literature, as might have been triggered by the real encounter with the powerful new medium. Discussed are novels based on blogs by Jacek Palka and Aleksander Wierny, along with an experiment by the novelist Krystyna Kofta and Janusz L. Wisniewski's novel 'Samotnosc w Sieci' (Lonely in the Web). Prose works have appeared which very often incarnate communication codes other than literary and which, to an extent, break trough the established literary patterns whilst making references to stereotypes of sex and fiction models present in feature films.
EN
Today, in the times of the Internet, everyone has the right to create their own virtual reality that they will explain, promote, or actually sell as a useful and simultaneously attractive image of the modern world. In my article, devoted to era of new media in a modern Polish drama, I also promote my vision of the world. Discusing with proposals of Lev Manovich and Henry Jenkins, I make an attempt to describe new reality as a new multimedial aestetics. On a base of analysis of chosen polish dramas, written on the turning point of XX and XXI century by young Polish dramatists, I try to establish the concept of weak discourse which seems to be more adequate than concepts of hybrydic reality, which create a discomfort for modern people. This concept is also more open for critical reflection which I hinted at briefly at the end of this article.
EN
News items constitute a basic genre of the press and the media. One type of content provided by mobile phone companies on a subscription basis is sms news service. Such news items belong to a novel form of mass communication known as new media (polimedia or metamedia), and accordingly they modify our concept and definition of 'news item'. This paper surveys the characteristics of sms news on the basis of twelve criteria of linguistic pragmatic analysis. Thus, a number of features are revealed that fit written language, spoken language, or else, in a modified form, the medium of sms, also known as secondary written language. Such features include the relativisation of orthography, the lack of headlines, the avoidance of repetition, various spoken-language phenomena, misassociation, ambiguity. In sum, sms communication indeed produces a new from of existence for language, leading to linguistic changes not only in private communication but also in media communication.
EN
The article deals with the parallels in Latvian and Western contemporary art. There is no specific reference point in time as the range of material is too broad. Therefore the conceptual origins in Latvia, observable from the late 1960s while Latvia was still under the Soviet system - Hyperrealism, Pop art, performances etc. - that can be considered as contemporary art, in this article are only mentioned in passing. The main accent is on the 1980s and 1990s and the chosen methodology is based on several related directions with clearly expressed stylistic characteristics in the world and Latvia. The article examines the parallels between Latvian new painting and graphics in the 1980s (Ieva IItnere, Franceska Kirke, Aija Zarina, Ojars Petersons and others) and the Italian Transavantgarde, German Neo-expressionism and American Post-modern painting. It looks at the similar tendencies in Russian Sots Art (Komar and Melamid, Bulatov) and the art of Leonards Laganovskis. Latvian object and installation art (Olegs Tillbergs and others) is compared both with older tendencies in Europe, for example Arte Povera, as well as to more recent expressions in the world. Latvian objects may be compared with New British Sculpture - Richard Deacon and Andris Breze - and with the 1990s witty art in public space. Here we can mention the Latvian artists Ojars Petersons, Janis Mitrevics and, for example, the German Martin Kippenberger. Latvia too has seen a flourishing of new media. Alongside photography, which is of a high artistic quality, recognized in the world and similar in style (for example the Latvian Inta Ruka and the Finn Esko Mannikko), the 1980s saw the appearance of video art (Juris Boiko) and the electronic media (the E-Lab group in Riga). Expressions of contemporary art should be evaluated not only in the stylistic but also in the thematic and therefore social context.
EN
Language is in a state of flux; changes show that the language is viable and that it can adapt to the changing world. Nevertheless, one often hears a pessimistic view of the processes occurring in the Latvian language, and one hears calls for halting or retarding the changes. Latvian linguists frequently look for the Golden Age of the language in an unspecified period in the past. This paper reveals the extra-linguistic and intra-linguistic processes that drive language change, surveys the new media with their specific language varieties, and addresses sociolinguistic issues that will determine the fate of the language. The author calls for acceptance, not hindrance, of what is taking place in the Latvian language. The paper also outlines the problems of linguistic purism and its manifestation in the context of the Latvian language. It is hard to assess the impact of purism on the Latvian language because the appeals and suggestions of purists do not have a major impact on language in general. In some cases, however, purism limits vocabulary choices and the way these choices are reflected in lexicographic sources. Dicta issued by purists often create confusion and uncertainty, complicate life and spoil one's mood.
Przegląd Biblioteczny
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2010
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vol. 78
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issue 4
460-475
EN
The author identifies and characterizes literature promotion forms currently used on the Internet and discusses new types of book and literature promotion which developed on the Internet. A typology of book and literature online promotion is introduced. The paper ends with an analysis of new media and specifically Internet influence on the transformation of book and literature promotion methods.
EN
The study focuses on contemporary forms of folklore and their relationship to Internet. In the Czech lands, the spreading of literacy and print in the nineteenth century, together with the invention of radio and television in the twentieth, contributed to the displacement of oral transmission of many forms of literary folklore. At present, to a certain extent continue to exist short stories (especially urban stories), and also remembrances and short folklore genres (anecdotes, jokes, proverbs, adages, locutions). Internet, that began to expand in the Czech Republic in the second half of the 1990s, became a new platform for circulation of some forms of folklore. The principle of electronic mail in certain respects comes close to the procedure of oral transmission. Besides electronic mail, there exist many web pages that collect for example anecdotes. In these cases, it is difficult or impossible to ascertain their provenance, but this is not a crucial question. Many of the texts presented are parodies to classical folklore genres, but also literary works or film. There is often erotic or pornographic vertone. Thanks to internet and the use of e-mail, the literary folklore (especially its shorter and more humorous forms) acquired new possibilities for spreading and development.
Studia Historica Nitriensia
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2021
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vol. 25
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issue 2
548 - 560
EN
The history of the Arab media is interesting because it shows how important role the media can play in political changes. Arabs, as one of the nations conquered by the Ottoman Empire, began to use the press as a mean of national revival already in the 19th century, later this process intensified significantly in the 1940s´, where the press became one of the arenas of the struggle for the independence of Arab states. The role of the media in the Arab national liberation struggle is underestimated. However, their powerful force was noticed by the new Arab regimes, which completely subdued the media market of the nascent Arab states and began to use the media for their own political purposes. This situation continues to this day, but the emergence of the Internet in this part of the world has reawakened the Arab national liberation mood, which culminated during the Arab Spring. Nowadays, Arab new media is considered to be the next arena of the fight for political change and democratization of this part of the world.
EN
Parents and spouses are using the Internet and cell phones to create a 'new connectedness' that built in remote connections and shared Internet experiences. Today's married couples use a variety of tools-landline phones, cell phones, instant messaging, and email - to manage their schedules and stay connected with each other throughout the day. The adoption of cell phones and computers is a particularly important component of the way today's families stay in touch and coordinate their lives. Although families often go their separate ways during the day, they are connected by the Internet and, even more so, by cell phone. This new connectedness via cell phones and screen-sharing creates networked families.
EN
Bibliotherapy can be helpful in treating people with various disabilities, including the co-addicted. The article shows the bibliotherapist’s role in working with people who are co-addicted in the 'Bibliotherapist' journal in the period 1998–2008, using analysis of the content as a research method. The 'Bibliotherapist' is a periodical which, until 2010, was the only one to shape the contemporary Polish bibliotherapy and disseminate the idea of therapy through reading. In ten-year period 207 articles were published on the journal’s pages, among which only 8 (4% of all articles) dealt with the use of bibliotherapy in treatment of co-addicted people. These texts appeared in the years: 1998 – 1, 1999 – 1, 2000 – 4 and 2002 – 2. The largest number of articles on this topic is associated with the appearance of a series of articles by Bronislawa Wozniczka-Paruzel on the use of bibliotherapy in treating the co-addicted from Al-Anon family groups. The analysis shows that the topic of codependency in conjuction with bibliotherapy aroused weak interest of the journal editors in comparision to other articles.
EN
After a long history, research on the relation between participative and communicative practices was revived in the late 1990s because of the proliferation of new media. New studies have taken into account both online and offline participation and the ability of new media to provide citizens with easier access to information and a broader repertoire of actions. In this article, which is based on a representative survey of the adult Czech population and a survey of Czech adolescents, we address participative and communicative practices as intertwined sets that are typically preferred by certain groups of citizens. As media-related and political practices usually vary due to generational and historical experience, the aim is to discover whether people with similar generational backgrounds and with similar repertoires of action manifest similar sets of communication practices, i.e. similar media ensembles. Hence, we build this study on the assumption that the political- and media-related agencies are structured by historical experience as well as by biographical experience linked with life-cycle phases. Using cluster analysis, we focus on the various participative and communicative practices employed by three distinct adult generational groups and by contemporary adolescents, all of whom experienced the process of socialization in their own specific historical contexts.
15
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Biblioteka – wyzwania w epoce nowych mediów

61%
EN
The article presents the condition of library as an institution in the era of new media domination. On the basis of research at the Toronto School of Communication, we show the profound impact that writing and reading had on human thinking and social institutions. In particular, we focus on the ability to use abstract and universalistic categories and to be critical. These skills are a necessary base for the modern public sphere which is a sphere of freedom of opinion and a place where citizenship is being developed. According to numerous surveys the number of readers as well as the critical reading skills have been decreasing. Taking into account these trends and previous research we can assume that abilities required for full participation in the public sphere and modern society of knowledge will be weakened. There is a question of challenges that the contemporary library will have to deal with. According to a French historian of the book – Roger Chartier – the library can carry out its tasks in several areas such as: archiving all types of text carriers (even in case of complete digitalization of recourses), broadly comprehended social and educational functions which mean assisting in dealing with information overload, and active creation of cultural and community life.
EN
This article looks at the topic of hypermedia and geo-spatial and augmented literature from five angles. Firstly, it analyses the context where these phenomena first appeared, the New Media. Secondly, it presents the most important contemporary theories on the topic proposed by Lev Manovich, Stephen Wilson, Ronald T. Azuma and others. Thirdly, it discusses the issue of hypertext as defined by Ted Nelson, Roland Barthes, Charlie Green and George Landow. Fourthly, it examines the paradox of the limited appeal of hypertext and the simultaneous huge impact of hypermedia literature on readers. Finally, this article examines some examples of multimedia and geo-spatial and augmented literature. The conclusion of the article offers a way of approaching New Media literary practices.
17
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Zwiastun książkowy

57%
EN
The article presents a book trafiler as a new form of promotion literature and puts this term into a context of poetics and cinematography.
PL
Hasło prezentuje w kontekście poetyki oraz kinematografii nową formę promocji literatury, jaką jest zwiastun książkowy.
18
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Przeprowadzka literatury

57%
EN
In this article, the author performs an analysis and interpretation of Jacek Dukaj’s novel Starość aksolotla, in which Dukaj enacts his vision of the poetics of the e-novel, released directly in digital form, enhanced with many graphics and hyperlinks to footnotes that explain the represented world. The author puts forward his thesis on the synergy of elements in a literary event, such as the publication of this novel, resulting in the presentation of a well-argumented thesis on the transfer of literature outside its basic medium, the printed book (and simultaneously coherent with the views of the subject of Dukaj’s novel on the transhumanist evolution of homo sapiens).
PL
W artykule autor dokonuje analizy i interpretacji powieści Jacka Dukaja Starość aksolotla, będącej realizacją poetyki powieści e-bookowej, a więc tworzonej bezpośrednio pod wydanie cyfrowe, wzbogacone licznymi grafikami i hiperłączami do przypisów wyjaśniających świat przedstawiony. Stawia tezę o synergii elementów wydarzenia literackiego, jakim była publikacja powieści, w efekcie której wyczytać da się dobrze uargumentowana teza o przenoszeniu się literatury poza podstawowe dla niej medium, jakim jest drukowana książka (i jednocześnie spójnej z poglądami podmiotu powieści Dukaja na transhumanistyczną ewolucję homo sapiens).
Communication Today
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2018
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vol. 9
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issue 1
55-77
EN
Like in many other Central and Eastern European countries, in 2016, Romanian populist parties were voted by the ‘silent’ citizens, by those feeling deprived and not represented properly. Shortly before that, in 2015, the tragic Colectiv nightclub fire had given birth to a new party: Save Romania Union (USR) that promotes a populist discourse on the ‘corrupt elite’ versus the ‘pure people’. At the beginning, however, the new party did not disseminate messages specific to the nationalist or radical right-wing populists. Another party, endorsed by a news television channel Romania TV, almost succeeded at overpassing the electoral threshold in the 2016 parliamentary election: United Romania Party (PRU) used xenophobic and anti-EU messages during the 2016 general election campaign. My hypothesis is that the extremist electoral messages, the expressions of hatred towards foreigners and Western businessmen or the EU institutions were spread through social networks. Using a content analysis, I shall verify the extent to which the official Facebook pages of the Social Democratic Party (PSD, the direct successor of the Romanian Communist Party), the United Romania Party (PRU) and the Save Romania Union (USR) reflected the antagonism of the ‘pure’ people versus the ‘corrupt’ elite and I shall reveal who these parties identified as the so-called ‘people’s enemies’.
Communication Today
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2012
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vol. 3
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issue 2
6-23
EN
he article deals with reading of Walter Benjamin’s works focused on new media. The article puts specific emphasis on the notions of ‘aura’ and ‘flaneur,’ two well-known themes in Benjamin´s scholarship. The article argues for the inseparability of old and new, modern and postmodern theory of media and illustrates their close connections in Benjamin’s texts. The author presents a sceptical view of the idea that the advent of digital new media is connected by necessity to a major historical break. He concludes that Benjamin’s theory of new media is highly useful for describing and understanding the current new media communication and subjectivity.
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