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Studia Historica Nitriensia
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2013
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vol. 17
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issue 2
21 – 42
EN
The territory of Nitra region was quite densely populated since primeval ages. This trend continued during medieval period, after establishment of Hungarian state, as well as in centuries of early modern period. Consequently it was developing the network of cities and towns, which meditated the exchange of goods within local markets, as well as in more distant areas. At the beginning of the 16th century only one independent royal city (Skalica) could be found on this territory, except that several cities and more than 20 towns. The differentiation between cities and towns is quite problematic due to the fact, that some royal cities known in 14th century changed ownership into hands of noblemen, thus became towns and were not able to uphold the status of city.
EN
Matthias Bel in his work Notitia Hungariae Novae historico-geographica offered a contemporary view of the status, importance, response and concrete realities of counties of Hungary within the Habsburg monarchy. The study is historical and geographical research history and environmental issues of non-ferrous raw materials, and their extraction in the Nitra County in the first half of the 18th century. Description of the subject contains text „Other finds“ in § XII. science section (Membrum primum physicum) of general parts of Notitia of Nitra County in Hungary (1742). The „probe‟ into Bel’s characteristics of this theme we have realized through critical commentary on contemporary texts supplemented by other sources, respectively literature and information obtained by studying geological maps. We finally compared specific findings with the results of field research and their own knowledge of the subject.
Studia Historica Nitriensia
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2020
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vol. 24
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issue 2
446 – 455
EN
Matthias Bel – author of the work Notitia Hungariae Novae historico-geographica (in English the Historical and Geographical Knowledge of New Hungary). In Knowledge of contemporary Kingdom of Hungary (Notitia Hungariae Novae), Matej Bel (Mathias Belius, Bél Mátyás) gives a detailed geographic, historical and ethnographic description of particular Hungarian counties from the position of 18’s century man. The work is written in Latin. In the present study is published the first Slovak translation of the historical part of the Notitia of the Nitra County, in which Bel describes the history of the castle and the town of Nitra.
EN
Matthias Bel offered in his work Notitia Hungariae Novae historico-geographica a contemporary view of the specific studies of Hungarian counties within the Habsburg monarchy. The aim of the study is the historical-geographic analysis and interpretation of particular parts of his work in which M. Bel briefly described the bridges across the specific watercourses. Historical and geographical "exploration" into Bel´s characteristics of bridging of the rivers Váh, Nitra and Dudváh were carried out through a critical commentary of the translation of the original text using scientific literature, old maps, image sources, and results of field research as well as our own knowledge of these issues. The information about bridges which were mentioned by M. Bel corresponded only partially with today's knowledge. Bel´s characteristics of the most important bridges above watercourses provide contemporary image of that category of road constructions in the Nitra County in the first half of the 18th century.
EN
The paper deals with the reconstruction of climatic and hydrological aspects of the flash flood in Sobotište in 1678 in terms of historical geography. The weather conditions and consequences (especially damage) caused by this natural disaster were outlined by M. Bel in paragraph IX. CHVOYNITZE (slov. Chvojnica), § V. Natural History of the General Part of the Knowledge of the Nitra County (1742). More detailed information about the given flood is provided by transcripts of anabaptist codes by J. Beck (1883), family historiography by D. Krman jr. (1708) and monograph and paper written by Ľ. Pauliny (1888, 1891). We obtained further data and parallels to the issue from the literature, data from the Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute and old maps.
EN
The author focuses on discriminatory measures against Gypsies/Roma during the Slovak Republic of 1939–1945. She uses mainly the archive collection of the State Archives in Nitra, usable for studying the issue at several levels of public administration (county, district, and local). The content structure of the scientific study follows the IMRAD model and is divided into the introduction, theoretical background, presentation of the most significant research findings and their interpretation in the form of discussion. The main objective of the study is to present a reflective „pause“ over the history of Gypsies/Roma, and their life under the totalitarian regime of 1939–1945 in Slovakia.
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